CFRP-不锈钢夹层管混凝土柱轴压试验及承载力计算方法

为了提升薄壁不锈钢结构的承载性能和耐久性,在不锈钢管内外壁粘贴碳纤维增强复合材料（Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer,CFRP）复合约束海水海砂混凝土,制得一种CFRP-不锈钢夹层管海水海砂混凝土结构。以CFRP粘贴层数和方式为变化参数,对18个短柱试件进行了单调轴心受压试验,观察了试件的受力破坏过程及形态,获取了荷载-位移曲线和材料应变分布数据,分析了试件轴压力学性能的变化规律。结果表明：内外贴CFRP能有效地提高结构的承载能力和变形能力;无CFRP和内贴CFRP试件的破坏形态均为剪切破坏,但破坏形态会随着外贴CFRP层数的增加向腰鼓破坏转变;在相同粘贴方式下,试件的承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力随着CFRP层数的增加呈非线性提高;在相同粘贴层数下,内贴CFRP的力学性能提升效果优于外贴CFRP,粘贴1层和2层CFRP时,内贴试件的极限承载力相较于外贴试件能再提高5.6%和6.7%,同时内贴1层CFRP的试件的耗能能力与外贴2层CFRP的相当;应变分析显示,在试件破坏前,CFRP与不锈钢协同工作良好。文中最后基于极限平衡法,考虑不锈钢的应变硬化效应,提出了C...     

轴压下CFRP—钢管约束混凝土柱试验研究

为研究CFRP—钢管约束混凝土柱试件在B式(仅在核心混凝土施加轴压)加载下的轴压力学性能,采用轴压试验的方法对18根CFRP—钢管约束混凝土试件进行核心混凝土轴向加载,分析混凝土强度、CFRP包裹层数和CFRP约束效应系数对试件轴向承载力和轴向位移的影响。试验结果表明,CFRP约束效应系数对试件轴压承载力提高系数贡献最大,CFRP约束效应能防止钢管的屈曲同时限制混凝土裂缝的发展,增大核心混凝土强度和增加CFRP层数,试件轴向承载力有显著提高。同时制作了6根试件进行A式B式加载对比试验,试验结果表明B式加载方式的极限承载力均大于A式加载,B式加载试件在整个加载过程中CFRP都对混凝土产生约束作用,试件的轴压性能相较于A式更加优良。     

小口径CFRP-方截面钢管混凝土受弯性能研究

为研究小口径CFRP-方截面钢管混凝土的受弯性能,使用钢管外径分别为30、32、35 mm的3种试件(分别命名试件A、B和C)开展12组三点弯曲试验,观察试件的破坏形态并获得荷载-位移曲线。通过测得试件应变变化,对试验构件受弯性能进行分析。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对试件进行非线性有限元分析,并对钢管与水泥之间的黏结能力、水泥立方体试块抗压强度以及CFRP布厚度3组参数进行参数敏感性分析。研究结果表明：钢管内填充水泥与外缠CFRP布均可以提高试件的抗弯承载力最大值以及抗弯刚度;当钢管、水泥、CFRP布3种材料结合在一起时,提升效果最为明显,A、B、C这3种试件的抗弯承载力最大值分别提高了81.6%、93.3%和92.6%;钢管内是否填充水泥与试件的最终破坏形态有明显关联。有限元分析与试验所得荷载-位移曲线吻合较好,破坏模式一致。CFRP布厚度对抗弯承载力最大值以及梁的抗弯刚度有明显影响。     

工字形CFRP-高强方钢管高强混凝土轴压短柱有限元分析

目的将工字形CFRP型材置入钢管混凝土截面型心处,研究高强方钢管高强混凝土轴压短柱的受力性能.方法对典型构件的应力-应变曲线、组合柱的受力机理进行分析,并定义了6个特征点.研究在构件受力的各个特征点的方钢管、混凝土和工字形CFRP分担的纵向荷载,分析内置工字形CFRP配置率、核心混凝土抗压强度、钢材屈服强度、含钢率等因素对组合柱力学性能的影响.结果内置工字形CFRP的高强方钢管高强混凝土轴压短柱极限承载力随着混凝土强度、钢材屈服强度、CFRP配置率以及含钢率增加而增加,而钢材屈服强度以及混凝土强度对构件荷载-位移曲线初始刚度影响较小.结论高强方钢管高强混凝土的各组分受力随着高度变化而变化,构件受力性能较好并承载力较高.     

钢管高钛矿渣砂超高强混凝土短柱轴压力学性能试验研究

为研究钢管高钛矿渣砂超高强混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能,完成了10根钢管高钛矿渣砂超高强混凝土短柱轴压试验,重点考察高钛矿渣砂取代率对其力学性能的影响。结果表明：高钛矿渣砂取代率对钢管混凝土试件的破坏形态、荷载-位移曲线、应力-应变曲线、应力-横向变形系数曲线规律无明显影响,试件均为剪切破坏模式;随着高钛矿渣砂取代率的增加,钢管混凝土试件的承载力与初始刚度随之增加,在取代率为60%时,均达到最大值;由于核心混凝土强度过高,试件含钢率偏小,钢管对核心混凝土约束效应有限,实测承载力小于规范计算承载力。     

CFRP约束圆钢管高强混凝土短柱轴压试验研究

为研究混凝土强度、径厚比、CFRP(碳纤维增强复合材料)层数及CFRP包裹方式等参数对CFRP约束圆钢管混凝土轴压静力性能的影响,进行了6个圆钢管混凝土短柱和18个CFRP-钢管混凝土短柱的轴压对比试验.研究发现CFRP的约束对圆钢管混凝土承载力有较显著的提升,且承载力的提高幅度随着CFRP的增加而增加.钢管高强、超高强混凝土短柱的破坏形态呈现为剪切破坏,延性较差,CFRP的约束可以改善其延性,且CFRP层数越多延性越好.半包CFRP试件性能接近于全包CFRP试件性能.随径厚比增大,CFRP约束效果下降.若黏结良好,试件失效前,CFRP与钢管能保持协同工作;最后选取了3个经典的CFRP约束钢管混凝土轴压承载力公式进行验算,发现基于CFRP和钢管双重约束的公式能较好地预测其承载力.     

内压作用下CFRP/钢复合管受力性能试验研究

为研究内压作用下碳纤维增强复合材料(carbon fiber reinforced plastic, CFRP)/钢复合管的受力性能,进行了8根CFRP/钢复合管及1根普通钢管的内压荷载试验.试验中考虑的变量有碳纤维布层数、碳纤维布轴向及环向搭接长度.试验结果表明:外贴单层碳纤维布时,CFRP与钢管的协同变形效应随碳纤维布轴向及环向搭接长度的增加而增强,当轴向及环向搭接长度分别达到50mm及200mm时CFRP与钢管变形趋于一致;内压作用下CFRP/钢复合管的荷载-应变曲线呈近似双线性的变化规律,其刚度、屈服强度及极限强度均随碳纤维布层数的增加而增大,试件典型破坏形态为CFRP环向受拉断裂.最后,基于试件典型破坏特征,提出了适用于CFRP/钢复合管的强度计算模型.     

钢管轻集料混凝土界面黏结滑移过程分析

为探究钢管轻集料混凝土黏结滑移受力过程和机理,通过4个钢管轻集料混凝土柱推出试验,分析钢管轻集料混凝土界面黏结滑移受力过程.从钢管外壁应变变化、位移-荷载曲线、黏结破坏强度以及相应位移角度分析长细比和紧箍系数对钢管轻集料混凝土黏结滑移的影响;通过详细分析加载过程中钢管外壁应变变化研究构件黏结滑移受力过程.试验结果表明:核心混凝土全界面发生相对滑移时,滑移荷载主要受紧箍系数直接影响,紧箍系数越大相应荷载越大;滑移过程中,钢管外壁纵向应变变化反映其位移-荷载曲线趋势;钢管内壁混凝土接触界面始终对轻集料混凝土有较大的环向约束作用,长细比越大在钢管端部环向作用越明显;紧箍系数不变,黏结破坏荷载对应位移随长细比增大逐渐递增.     

CFRP-钢管混凝土加固RC短柱偏压性能试验

通过8根碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)-圆钢管自密实混凝土复合加固和4根圆钢管自密实混凝土加固钢筋混凝土(RC)方形短柱的受压试验,研究了复合加固RC短柱偏压受力性能,分析了偏心距和CFRP层数对复合加固RC短柱的破坏形态、承载力、刚度和延性的影响.复合加固RC短柱的破坏形态包括端部混凝土的压碎、受压区钢管屈曲和CFRP断裂.加固试件表现出延性破坏特征,达到极限承载力后,仍具有一定的承载和变形能力.随着偏心距的增大,加固试件变形增大;偏心距为20,40和60 mm的试件极限承载力平均降低幅度分别约为25%,37%和42%.随着CFRP层数的增加,加固试件变形减小,延性降低;CFRP层数为1和2的试件极限承载力平均提高幅度分别约为16.2%和39.8%.     

圆CFRP-钢复合管内填砼构件的受弯性能研究

对16根圆CFRP-钢复合管内填砼受弯构件以及4根圆钢管砼受弯构件开展静力试验并分析实验结果。对于未包裹纵向CFRP的试件,其荷载-跨中挠度曲线类似于对应的圆钢管砼构件的曲线;对于包裹纵向CFRP的构件,其荷载-跨中挠度曲线可以划分为以下几个阶段：弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和下降段。圆CFRP-钢复合管内填砼受弯构件的延性要好于圆FRP筒内填混凝土受弯构件。对于具有相同钢管约束效应系数的试件。承载力提高率随着纵向CFRP层数的增大而增大。从加载之初直到最大承载力．钢管和CFRP筒在环向和纵向都可以协同工作。纵向受压最大点的环向扣应变最大,纵向受拉最大点的环向压应变最大,纵向受拉最大点的钢管对核心砼没有套箍作用。从加载之初直到大约0．8倍的极限承载力,试件纵向应变沿截面高度的分布基本符合平截面假定。纵向CFRP可以显著提高试件的刚度。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Editorial note for the special topic on ＂Nanopore Analysis＂

The concept of nanopore analysis, using the pore-forming protein a-hemolysin to detect individual nucleic acids at a single-molecule level, was first proposed in 1996. Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in the nanopore field, and nanopore analysis has become a label-free and high-throughput method for probing bio- molecules and other analytes with single-molecule sensi- tivity, especially holds the promising for ＂third generation＂ DNA sequencing. However, challenges still remain in the experimental strategies and the design of whole nanopore-based instruments. Here, we proudly present a special topic dedicated to the topic of ＂Nanopore Analysis＂, with 8 reviews/articles providing up to date coverage of the experimental strategies, theoretical calcu- lations and simulations, and instrument design. Reviews and articles on the experimental strategies cover control of DNA partitioning into a nanopore, detection of target DNA, and the advantages of nanopore-based DNA sequencing. The theoretical calculations and simulations discuss the translocation behavior of DNA, and an inte- grated measurement system and data analysis software are presented for instrument design.     

Effects of climate change on biodiversity

1 Rise of studies on climate change＇s effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America＇s annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].     

Discussing the Expansive Learning in Modern Organizations

<正>1 Introduction Endeavours on learning methods have long occupied the mind spaces of scholars and there have been theories abound on how people learn and in what way organisations can use some of the knowledge gained in the art of learning to maximise human productivity.While the theories by themselves are not solutions to problems,they are steps of inquiry that provide us with interesting perspectives that we can use to extend our knowledge of the dimensions of learning.This paper is an exploratory work on the theories postulated by three notable scholars including Zimmerman