空气力及空气力矩对汽车操纵稳定性的影响

以 CA770轿车为研究对象 ,从汽车结构角度考虑空气力和空气力矩对汽车回转时的影响 ,对汽车稳态回转时的主要参数进行计算 ,在考虑空气动力特性的情况下 ,分析影响操纵稳定性的重要因素 ,并建立汽车稳态转弯过程的数学模型。研究结果表明 ,随着车速的不断提高 ,空气力和空气力矩对车辆回转时操纵稳定性的影响相应增大 ,从而得出了主要参数的变化趋势。     

基于Unitire侧向力模型的汽车操纵稳定性的建模和仿真*

为了进行汽车操纵稳定性建模和仿真,总结了非线性和线性Uni Ttire侧向力模型。基于平面假设,建立了考虑轮胎非线性和线性的汽车操纵稳定性二自由度模型,提出了基于线性和非线性Uni Ttire侧向力模型的操纵稳定性仿真算法。在常用车速60 km/h下,对某轿车操纵稳定性进行了仿真,获得了横摆角速度、质心侧偏角和侧向加速度的时间历程。研究结果表明,基于线性和非线性Uni Ttire侧向力模型仿真的横摆角速度、质心侧偏角和侧向加速度是不同的,研究汽车操纵稳定性应关注轮胎的非线性。     

考虑操纵稳定性的自动驾驶汽车轨迹综合优化方法

针对自动驾驶汽车在局部轨迹规划上对车辆操纵稳定性考虑不足、对车辆模型过度简化和缺少对车辆舒适性客观评价的问题,建立了考虑车辆操纵稳定性的车辆三自由度模型,模拟自动驾驶汽车换道场景,根据输入车轮转角得到输出的换道轨迹,运算得到车辆换道行驶参数化方程和行驶轨迹特征.运用BP神经网络对行驶轨迹特征进行识别,得到自动驾驶汽车换道持续时间和横向偏移距离所对应的车轮转角变化关系.在不同换道车速下,根据不同换道持续时间和横向偏移距离,输入车轮转角得到换道优化轨迹簇和操纵稳定性参数.在只考虑行驶效率和安全的常规轨迹优化方法的基础上,构建轨迹综合优化目标函数,考虑表征车辆换道过程舒适性和操纵稳定性的(横摆、侧倾、侧向)加速度变化率均值,提出一种基于行驶效率、安全性、舒适性和操纵稳定性的轨迹综合优化方法.对轨迹综合优化目标函数进行求解得到最优换道行驶轨迹,联合仿真结果表明该方法优于常规轨迹优化方法且舒适性、操纵稳定性改善达20%以上.     

人—车—路闭环操纵系统主动安全性指标及计算方法的思考

本文根据近期汽车操纵主动安全性的闭环评价方法的研究,考虑了影响汽车操纵主动安全性的各种因素,又提出了两项物理意义明确的单项评价指标.应用时域响应计算方法,完善了评价指标的计算.     

线控转向汽车横摆角速度增益优化设计

为了解决汽车线控转向系统(SBW)转向角传动比的设计问题,对SBW汽车横摆角速度增益值优化方法进行了研究。在建立整车动力学模型和驾驶员模型的基础上,从人-车闭环系统角度出发,采用汽车操纵稳定性综合评价体系中的轨迹跟踪误差评价指标、驾驶员操纵负担的评价指标、侧翻危险性评价指标和侧滑危险性评价指标并与遗传算法相结合,在典型车速下对汽车横摆角速度增益值进行了优化。试验结果表明,采用优化后横摆角速度增益值设计的SBW转向传动比可有效地提高汽车操纵性,减轻驾驶员负担。     

基于虚拟现实的汽车操纵稳定性试验技术

汽车操纵稳定性试验对汽车的主动安全性有着重要影响．随着汽车工业的发展，汽车的行驶速度在不断提高，对汽车操纵稳定性的试验和评价方法也提出了更高的要求．车辆道路试验的巨大成本和对汽车工作原理的日益深入的了解使得在计算机上仿真汽车操纵稳定性试验成为可能．介绍了将计算机仿真技术——虚拟现实技术应用于汽车操纵稳定性试验的现状，并对其应用前景做了展望．     

基于模型的整车操纵稳定性指标逐层分解方法研究

汽车性能指标逐层分解方法是汽车底盘正向开发的关键技术之一。针对整车操纵稳定性指标,给出了车辆性能指标逐层分解的基本方法以及数学表达式。选取不足转向梯度和侧倾梯度作为整车指标,通过车辆动力学理论分析和实验设计方法获得了总成特性参数,并利用基于总成特性的车辆动力学模型分解得到相应的总成特性指标。仿真结果表明分解指标计算的整车性能指标与目标基本一致,检验了性能指标分解的可行性和分解结果的正确性。     

一种三轴卡车操纵稳定性分析

建立了一种三轴卡车(前两轴转向)的运动微分方程,得到该车型的稳态横摆角速度增益、稳定性因素表达式、整车不足转向特性条件,并分析不同车速、不同载荷及其不同位置下,整车操纵稳定性的变化情况.分析的方法与结果可为该类车的整车布置设计提供理论依据.     

汽车操纵稳定性试验的相关研究

汽车操纵稳定性试验是整车性能试验中极其重要的一部分。针对国家现行标准的操纵稳定性评价指标进行了简单分析,阐明了评价指标的实际意义,简要分析了现行国家标准的局限性,建议增加转向盘中间位置操纵稳定性试验。     

基于响应面方法的车辆多目标协同优化

建立包含7个子系统的某整车动力学仿真模型,以整车的操纵稳定性和行驶平顺性达到最佳匹配为目标,整车的悬架刚度和减震器的阻尼以及稳定杆的扭转刚度为优化变量,在ADAMS/CAR环境下进行仿真。根据中国汽车行业标准QC/T 480—1999和GB/T 4970—2006,分别以操纵稳定性的4个闭环评价指标和平顺性的随机路面评价指标的综合计分为目标函数,以相应计分的最大、最小值作为约束函数建立协同优化的数学模型。然后采用中心复合试验方法设计59组试验,根据实验数据,运用响应面方法(RSM)拟合出回归模型,得到最优值。仿真结果表明该优化方法使汽车的综合计分提高了13%,操纵稳定性和平顺性同时得到优化。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.