阿尔金、柴北缘与北秦岭高压-超高压岩石年代学研究进展及其构造地质意义

目的 分析总结中国西部南阿尔金、柴北缘与北秦岭3地高压-超高压岩石年代学研究取得的新进展,讨论这些年代学数据所蕴含的构造地质意义.方法 选取高质量锆石原位微区LA-ICP-MS或SHRIMP分析结果,综合分析确定3地不同区段高压-超高压岩石的变质时代.结果 分别获得南阿尔金、柴北缘与北秦岭高压-超高压岩石的变质时代为(475～509)Ma,(420～457)Ma与(485～514)Ma,柴北缘高压-超高压岩石的变质时代明显滞后于南阿尔金约20～80Ma.结论 中国西部南阿尔金、柴北缘与北秦岭3地高压-超高压岩石可能不构成同一条巨型高压-超高压变质岩带,其形成可能与多陆块或弧陆之间的对接碰撞有关.     

南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩锆石年龄及其地质意义

目的准确测定南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩的形成时代,探讨其地质意义。方法采用激光剥蚀等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)法,对库勒湖蛇绿岩中辉长岩锆石进行U-Pb同位素定年。结果辉长岩形成年龄(或结晶年龄)为418.2 Ma±2.6 Ma(MSWD=0.80)。结论南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩的形成时代为末志留世—早泥盆世早期,与古南天山洋盆的俯冲-消减时代相当,它的形成很有可能与古南天山洋盆的俯冲-消减作用有关。     

2013-24 科技期刊亮点

花岗岩浆指示北秦岭早古生代大陆碰撞过程西北大学地质学系张成立等研究发现,北秦岭构造带存在与500Ma高压-超高压变质、450Ma中压麻粒岩相和420Ma角闪岩相退变质作用分别对应的3期花岗岩浆作用,指示北秦岭在早古生代期间经历了由大陆碰撞到碰撞后再造的演化历史。     

南秦岭新元古代基性侵入岩的岩石成因及其构造背景:锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf-O同位素地球化学制约

秦岭造山带是一条由多期次不同构造运动叠加改造形成的复合造山带,其中,南秦岭是其重要的组成部分。文中冷水沟辉长岩及碾盘沟辉长闪长岩具有一致的U-Pb谐和年龄(~621 Ma),该年龄代表岩浆冷却结晶年龄。冷水沟辉长岩具有亏损地幔模式年龄(1.1~1.35 Ga),表明其原岩形成于中元古代。其较为亏损的Hf-O同位素特征(ε_(Hf)(t)=-3.3~+5.3;δ~(18)Ο=3.48~5.09),表明其来源于亏损地幔的部分熔融。碾盘沟辉长闪长岩具有更为亏损的Hf-O同位素特征(ε_(Hf)(t)=5.8~11.1;δ~(18)Ο=-3.72~-2.58),其负的δ~(18)Ο值是岩浆与低δ~(18)Ο流体发生高温水岩作用的结果。研究结果表明这些基性岩石形成于弧后伸展环境。对比新元古代早期(>735 Ma)南秦岭及扬子北缘广泛发育的岛弧岩浆作用,南秦岭与扬子北缘在新元古代晚期发生了由岛弧环境向弧后伸展环境的转变。其中本文辉长质岩石为南秦岭新元古代最晚一期岩浆活动的产物,代表了南秦岭与扬子北缘新元古代俯冲-碰撞作用的结束,标志着南秦岭基底的最终形成。     

东秦岭沙河湾岩体成因——来自锆石U-Pb定年及其Hf同位素的证据

目的 确定东秦岭沙河湾花岗岩体形成时代、源区性质及其成因.方法 在锆石内部结构的CL图像研究基础上,用LA-ICFMS和MC-ICPMS测定锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素组成,探讨寄主花岗岩、暗色闪长质包体及及围岩中闪长质脉体锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素组成特征.结果 寄主花岗岩、暗色包体及其围岩中闪长质脉体分别存在210 Ma和197 Ma,197 Ma和188 Ma以及230M a和210 Ma两组年龄的锆石;对应的εHf(t)值在一个略微偏正或负的范围内变化,指示该岩体非单一源区岩浆物质所能形成,至少是两个源区岩浆混合作用的结果.结论 该岩体是以新元古带古老地壳物质熔融为主体的壳源岩浆与源自略富集地幔的幔源岩浆高度混合的产物.这一壳、幔岩浆混合作用首先以230Ma的幔源岩浆活动为标志,并可能在210 Ma前就由于幔源岩浆活动热源的持续积累而诱发了该区地壳物质的部分熔融,形成以壳源岩浆为主的岩浆房.此后.约在200 Ma深部幔源基性岩浆进入壳源酸性岩浆房发生岩浆混合,并一直持续到185 Ma左右,证明了秦岭中生代壳、幔岩浆混合作用持续了大约60 Ma.     

三叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地东南边缘的扩张——来自南召地区沉积及碎屑锆石年代学的证据

为研究鄂尔多斯盆地三叠纪时期东南边缘的延伸范围,对其东南方向的南召地区太山庙剖面三叠系地层进行实测,利用层序地层学及沉积学原理划分沉积旋回、判断沉积环境;同时,运用LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年代学方法,探讨南召地区三叠系地层物质来源。结果表明,南召地区三叠系地层可划分出5个沉积旋回,其中包括1个Ⅱ级层序与5个Ⅲ级层序,与鄂尔多斯东南部延长组有较好的对应,但几乎全部为深水沉积环境。碎屑锆石的年龄范围为1 654~230 Ma,大致可分为4个年龄段:1 400~1 600 Ma,640~1 100 Ma,400~550 Ma,200~334 Ma,均有明显峰值。与周缘地体年龄数据进行对比发现,碎屑岩主要来源于北秦岭,少量印支期锆石应来自于南秦岭印支期花岗岩,没有来自华北克拉通内部的物源。将沉积特征及锆石年龄谱与鄂尔多斯东南部金锁关地区延长组及北秦岭柳叶河盆地三叠系地层进行对比分析,推测三叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地向南扩张到北秦岭,且华北板块南缘和北秦岭带之间存在一个以宽坪群为主体的隆起带,自南召地区向西至金锁关地区以南逐渐降低,至柳叶河盆地消失。因此,三叠纪鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘可扩展至南召地区,两者的演化同时受到秦岭造山带的控制。     

东准噶尔红柳峡辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

准噶尔盆地基底性质及形成时期问题对研究新疆地壳演化、油气资源的勘探与评价均有重要意义,但长期以来一直存在很大争议。准噶尔盆地东部红柳峡地区是探讨准噶尔盆地是否存在前寒武纪基底的代表性地区之一,因此对该区进行同位素定年分析,以期获得古老锆石年龄的同位素证据。选取原定为中元古界札曼苏岩群中的大量发育的变质辉长岩进行了LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年研究。发现U-Pb表面年龄值分布的范围很宽,从385±7 Ma至2 322±45Ma.岩浆锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(396±5)Ma(MSWD=1.15,n=7),代表辉长岩的结晶年龄为早泥盆世晚期。此外辉长岩中尚有4粒年龄为(842~2 322)Ma捕获锆石,代表了岩浆上升溢流路经区围岩中的锆石形成时代。札曼苏岩群被划分为中元古代是不准确的,综合该区的变质砂岩和玄武岩锆石同位素定年数据,认为札曼苏岩群形成时期的下限不早于早泥盆世。结合区域地质综合分析认为,准噶尔盆地东部可能存在前寒武纪的古老结晶基底。     

东秦岭黄水庵钼矿床的碳酸岩成因与地质意义:来自痕量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的约束

通过痕量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究,探讨东秦岭黄水庵碳酸岩的岩浆源区、岩石成因和构造背景,对三叠纪时期秦岭造山带的构造演化和钼多金属成矿作用研究提供指示.黄水庵钼矿床位于东秦岭钼矿带内,是一种独特的碳酸岩脉型钼矿床,辉钼矿主要呈放射状集合体和细脉状产于碳酸岩脉中.黄水庵碳酸岩主要由淡粉红色方解石(>70％)和石英(<15％)组成.痕量元素方面显示碳酸岩具有富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素的特征.Sr-Nd-Pb同位素表明碳酸岩具有相对较高的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7061～0.7065)和偏低的εNd(t)值(-16.4～-14.7),Nd同位素的两阶段模式年龄为2183～2322 Ma,岩浆源区与金属成矿物质来源均表现为富集地幔EMI与下地壳的混合特征.综合年代学和Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素研究结果,认为黄水庵碳酸岩脉(209.5～207 Ma B.P.)形成于秦岭造山带后碰撞阶段,由于地壳增厚,富含钼等金属的下地壳发生拆沉作用并与E MI地幔端元混合,在低程度部分熔融的情况下形成富含Mo、Pb、S和REE的硅酸盐-碳酸岩熔体,经不混溶作用和结晶分异形成黄水庵碳酸岩.     

拉拉铁氧化物-铜-金-铀矿床成矿时代分析

国内外学者对拉拉铁氧化物-铜-金-铀矿床(IOCG)成矿时代研究认识尚存争议.运用Isoplot软件对矿区黄铁矿、黄铜矿放射性成因的异常铅同位素数据进行处理,得到Pb-Pb等时线年龄为954Ma,与辉钼矿Re-Os年龄928～1005Ma一致,这一年龄与矿床地质事实吻合,代表矿床形成时代,且说明铜、钼、铀为同一期矿化.结合同位素年龄资料及矿床地质特征分析认为:1700Ma左右河口群火山岩喷发沉积形成矿源层;1200Ma左右河口群地层伴随东川运动发生区域变质作用,形成磁铁矿和磷灰石;900～1000Ma伴随着Rodinia泛大陆拼贴事件,康滇地区发生晋宁运动,在变质热液作用下发生铜钼铀矿化;850Ma左右伴随着Rodinia泛大陆裂解事件,矿区地幔柱成因辉长岩浆上涌带来的巨大热量促使成矿元素进一步的活化、迁移、富集成矿.     

甘肃北山红柳沟辉长岩地球化学、年代学及构造意义

甘肃北山红柳沟辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为405.8±2.9 Ma;辉长岩w(SiO_2)、w(Fe)变化范围大,w(K_2O)、w(Na_2O)低且相对富钠贫钾,辉长岩具有Eu、Sr的正异常,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Sr、Ba等)和轻稀土元素,强烈亏损高场强元素(Nb、Th、Ce等)和重稀土元素.结合区域大地构造背景,认为红柳沟辉长岩是先前俯冲流体交代过的亏损地幔部分熔融形成的玄武质岩浆分异堆积的产物,形成于早泥盆世后碰撞伸展的陆缘环境,指示在早泥盆世北山南部地区由挤压向伸展拉张的构造体制转换.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to