石墨烯——银纳米复合材料的制备与分散性研究

通过改进Hummers法制备氧化石墨,以无毒、绿色的葡萄糖为还原剂,在没有稳定剂、温和的液相反应条件下,原位制备石墨烯—银纳米粒子复合材料.采用X射线衍射、红外吸收光谱对所制备的石墨烯—银纳米复合材料进行了表征.结果表明:氧化石墨和银离子在反应过程中同时被葡萄糖还原.石墨烯—银纳米在DMF有机溶剂中的分散性优于氧化石墨烯.     

银纳米粒子的制备及表征

利用乙二醇在高温下的还原特性,在溶剂热条件下制备了银纳米粒子,产品经XRD和TEM表征,所制备的银纳米具有面心立方相的多晶结构,平均粒径在50nm左右.     

纳米氧化高银颗粒制备及其杀菌性能

在制备纳米氧化高银分散液基础上,控制条件为真空干燥、干燥温度70℃、干燥时间3 h、浸泡保护剂DJ2004浓度8.0 g/L,通过控制洗涤和干燥过程,制得粒径为20～100 nm的含65%氧化高银的纳米颗粒.采用异养菌静态杀菌实验对纳米氧化高银与其他银系产品进行杀菌性能评价,研究表明所制得的纳米氧化高银颗粒具有更强的杀菌性能及抗氯离子干扰性能.     

邻甲苯胺在银纳米棒生长中作用的探讨

探讨了邻甲苯胺在制备银纳米棒中的作用.在邻甲苯胺存在下利用乙醇还原硝酸银制备了银纳米棒.产物经过XRD、TEM表征.对比实验表明不加邻甲苯胺或当邻甲苯胺形成配合物(2-(2-甲基苯基)氨基-4-(2-甲基苯基)亚氨基-2-戊烯)后,在类似条件下得到银纳米粒子.     

掺银纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石复合抗菌剂的制备及性能研究

以蒙脱石为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备粉体纳米二氧化钛,并且以成品纳米二氧化钛与蒙脱石复合进行对比,通过离子交换反应将银离子引入蒙脱石层间。考察了制备纳米二氧化钛过程中乙醇用量、温度、p H值以及滴加方式等影响因素。考察了制备掺银纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石过程中温度、离子交换时间、硝酸银用量等影响因素。实验采用佛尔哈德法间接测定载银量。实验表明:在反应温度40℃条件下反应6 h时制备出的载银自制纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石载银量为质量分数1.8%,载银成品纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石载银量质量分数为2.6%;红外分析表明二氧化钛可以实现与蒙脱石的复合;X射线衍射法测定结果表明,载银对纳米二氧化钛蒙脱石骨架结构无影响;催化活性表明,载银提高了二氧化钛蒙脱石的催化活性。     

反相乳液法制备银纳米粒子

在水/Span80-Op10/甲苯反相乳液体系中制备出了粒径小且分布较窄的银纳米粒子,利用TEM和XRD对所制备的银纳米粒子的形态和晶体结构进行了表征.研究结果表明,此种方法得到的银的存在形式与反应条件,例如,油水比、表面活性剂用量、搅拌速度及温度有着密切的联系,可望达到对金属银纳米粒子的可控制备与性能调控.     

几种银纳米材料的实验室制备方法及特性分析

介绍了银纳米颗粒、银纳米球六边形阵列、一维和二维银纳米光栅的实验室制备方法,分析了各种制备方法的优缺点,以及制备过程参数对制备结果的影响。比较分析可知:化学还原法制备颗粒较为复杂、成功率低;模板法制备虽然过程复杂,但可以重复多次使用;双光束干涉刻蚀简单,但周期较大,精度不高。     

具有纳米尺寸晶粒结构银层的制备与形貌研究

利用无氰镀银工艺制备具有纳米尺寸晶粒结构的银层,其纳米级的结构为其材料的研究与应用带来了理想的模型.在不同温度、不同电流密度条件下制备了系列纯镀银样品,并利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射研究镀层的微观表面形貌和结晶状态.结果表明,制备的银镀层具有纳米级的晶粒尺寸,理想条件下,其粒径集中在15~30 nm,晶粒择优取向沿(220)晶面.经70℃热水处理后,粒径增大至50~60nm,晶粒数减少近50%,故通过调整电镀条件和后处理,有望得到具有可控纳米尺寸晶粒结构的镀层.     

电子束诱导原位制备银纳米环

本文报道了一种电子束诱导原位制备银纳米环的有效方法.使用溶胶-凝胶的方法,以分散Ag+的二氧化钛溶胶为前驱体,通过浸渍-提拉法和相应的热处理工艺制备出二氧化钛和银的复合薄膜.以扫描电镜聚焦的电子束为辐射源,在Ag/TiO2的复合薄膜表面原位观察到了银纳米环的形成过程.纳米环内径为100~280 nm,外径为120~300 nm.     

银纳米片的可控光诱导化学合成及其表征

以LED灯作为光源,采用光诱导法成功制备了高产率的银纳米片,运用紫外可见光谱(UV-vis)跟踪银纳米片制备液的吸光度,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对产物的形貌与结构进行表征,并探究了光照强度、柠檬酸钠用量和过氧化氢用量对银纳米片形貌及产率的影响.结果表明:适当增加光照强度是提高银纳米片的产率和保持其尺寸均一性的关键;柠檬酸钠能促进银纳米片的生成,但用量过多反而不利于制备均匀的银纳米片;过氧化氢的适量加入能使银纳米片更加均匀,但过量时产物中易出现其他形貌的银纳米颗粒,从而降低银纳米片的产率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.