工位送风口形式对办公室内气流分布的影响研究

工位送风是一种将新风直接送到工作岗位的送风方式,与传统空调相比,工位送风大幅提高了送风有效性.为分析办公室内适宜采用的工位送风口形式,建立了办公室内应用工位送风系统的物理模型,对采用不同形式工位送风口送风时的办公室内气流分布进行了数值模拟,对比分析了办公室内温度、速度、PMV和污染物质量浓度分布,研究结果表明,采用孔径为3 mm的孔板送风口时形成的气流分布效果优于其他风口形式.     

测流孔板数值模拟及流量系数的分析

孔板用于压力管道中测量流量,其特点是过流量小、流速低,而资料介绍的孔板流量系数都由模型实验得出.格鲁吉亚卡杜里电站采用跨流域引水方式,其引水道模型实验中采用此测流方法经济实用.本文采用标准k?ε湍流模型对孔板流场进行数值模拟,得到流速分布和流量系数,通过模型实验对低流速孔板的流量系数进行了验证,两者结果完全一致.在上述电站引水道模型试验中采用孔板测流的流量系数,试验结果完全满足精度要求.     

一种筒状多孔空气分布器的数值模型简化

利用计算流体力学技术并结合粒子成像测速实验及现场实测对空调中常用的孔径分别为0.5,1.0和2.0 cm,自由出流面积比(Rfa)分别为4.9％,10.4％,15.5％和19.6％的孔板及凯天KTSF-3.5KD筒状多孔空气分布器周围流场分布进行研究,提出一种筒状多孔空气分布器的数值模型简化方法.研究结果表明:孔间间距是影响简化风口位置的主要因素,孔间间距越小,简化风口距原风口的距离越小;简化风口的高度可取实际风口的高度;简化风口湍流和速度边界可采用二维孔板空气射流完全混合起始位置(combined point,CP)的湍流参数及速度廓线,温度边界可采用与实际风口相等的均匀送风温度;采用简化风口得到的速度及温度模拟值与粒子成像测速实验值及现场实测值较吻合.     

高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板的数值模拟与实验

高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板的开孔情况影响着室内流场、室内空气洁净度、洁净室自净时间和扩散板阻力．对GF01-1．0型高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板的开孔情况时室内流场的影响进行了数值模拟，并采用风速仪、激光粒子计数器和微压计分别测量了扩散板开孔变化时室内气流分布、洁净室自净时间和扩散板内静压的影响．结果表明随着开孔率的降低，扩散板的阻力增大．在扩散板扩散越均匀、涡流区和回流区越小的情况下，洁净室自净时间越短．并且在不同的送风量下，形成室内均匀流场的扩散板开孔情况不同，所以高效过滤器送风口扩散孔板宜在额定风量下运行．     

用CFD方法改进室内非等温送风气流组织设计

用合理的湍流模型和风口模型模拟非等温送风室内空气流动情况,并用一个非等温送风的实例进行了验证．然后利用该湍流和风口模型对一个工程实例非等温送风的室内空气速度场、温度场进行数值模拟,同时也给出利用传统射流理论的分析结果与之比较,借此分析当前室内非等温送风设计中通常存在的“冷风下坠”和“热风上浮”问题,指出传统射流设计方法的不足,从而提出一种利用CFD方法改进非等温送风气流组织设计的方法,并将其应用于中所提工程实例以说明该思路是可行的．     

孔板后稳定断面的位置分析

采用标准k-ε湍流模型对有压管道中的孔板过流进行数值模拟,通过分别改变流量和孔板直径,分析孔板后稳定断面的位置,根据计算结果找出流量与孔板后稳定断面距离和孔径比与孔板后稳定断面距离的关系,拟合了相应的关系式,孔板流场计算结果与经验吻合,其计算结果可以为孔板测流确定测压管安装位置提供参考．     

机掘工作面旋转射流屏蔽通风最佳送风角度的确定

为了确定最佳的送风角度,采用数值模拟和模型试验,对不同送风角度下机掘工作面旋转射流屏蔽通风流场和粉尘质量浓度分布进行研究。研究结果表明:在其他设计参数确定的情况下,工作面风流流场和粉尘质量浓度分布与送风角度密切相关;当送风角度θ为75°时,旋转射流屏蔽通风流场能在工作面形成完整的屏蔽风幕,且组合风口前方吸气速度和负压沿轴向衰减较其他送风角度吸气速度和负压沿轴向衰减缓慢,组合风口控尘效果最佳,组合风口后方粉尘质量浓度降至24 mg/m3,旋转风幕隔尘效率高达85.9%。     

舱室通风管道系统数值模拟与风量分配

舱室环境需要保证较高的热舒适性,其通风管道设计较一般房间的管道设计更为严苛.针对实际舱室,参考通风管道设计规范,进行通风管道设计,并利用CFD数值模拟技术对管道内流场、管道沿程阻力以及各风口流量进行分析.依据管道数值模拟的研究,采用标准k-ε湍流模型和QUICK离散方式对通风管道进行数值模拟,结果表明:整个管道流场速度云图和矢量图显示CFD预测较为合理;在使用局部阻力装置后,送风管道管网的不平衡率在15%,以下,回风管道管网的不平衡率在10%,以下,效果较好,各个风口流量基本达到要求;CFD数值模拟可以用来辅助通风管道系统进行风量分配以达到调平的目的.     

孔板对水槽内流场影响规律

为了在室内试验台上模拟海洋海流横向冲刷海洋立管,采用水槽内加孔板结构模拟海洋平流。为获取稳定、均匀的平流场,利用FLUENT软件进行水槽内孔板均流流场数值模拟,选用标准κ-ε紊流模型分析孔板孔径、厚度、位置及布置层数等因素对孔板后流场的影响,并优化孔板结构。结果表明:未安装孔板时,在整个水槽内出现射流且有扩散的趋势,但射流并不能带动水槽内全部流体,仅有部分流体有速度,在水槽上、下两端会有漩涡及回流产生,速度分布不均匀。布置3块厚度为0.2 m的孔板且板与板之间的间隔为0.3 m,按照第一块板距离进口截面0.2m布置且中间孔孔径设计为0.03 m时能够获得较为合理的均匀流场。     

人工环境室内湿度场的数值模拟和优化

采用FLUENT离散相模型对环境室内水滴的蒸发过程仿真模拟.研究了喷入液滴直径、送风速度和送风温度对环境室内流场、湿度场的影响.计算结果表明:喷入液滴直径越小、送风温度越低时,湿度场的均匀性越好;增大送风速度,湿度场能更快达到稳定.综合考虑经济性和湿度场均匀性,对于该计算模型,在送风温度为320 K、送风速度为18 m/s时得到最优的液滴直径为10μm;在送风温度为320 K、液滴直径为2μm时得到最优送风速度为18 m/s.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to