准噶尔盆地滴南地区原油地球化学特征及油源

对准噶尔盆地东道海子凹陷滴南地区的滴南1、滴南7、滴南8等井原油与烃源岩地球化学特征分析,探论该区油源关系。通过对原油的族组成、碳同位素、饱和烃色谱、甾萜烷化合物及轻烃参数、烃源岩的生物标志化合物的研究,结果表明：东道海子凹陷二叠系平地泉组烃源岩处于低成熟－成熟阶段,三环萜烷含量高,Ts＜Tm,γ蜡烷含量低,甾烷中 C27、C28、C29呈反“L”形分布。滴南地区二叠系原油和储层抽提物地球化学参数及甾萜烷特征与平地泉组烃源岩相似,具有亲缘关系。侏罗系原油具有侏罗系烃源岩来源的特征。     

渤海湾盆地庙西北洼烃源岩饱和烃地球化学特征

通过对渤海湾盆地庙西北洼PL-14-6-1井古近系烃源岩系统的取样分析,通过色谱—质谱(GC-MS)分析技术,剖析了烃源岩中饱和烃的地球化学特征,探讨了烃源岩有机质的母质来源、沉积环境和热演化程度。研究结果表明,较高的(C19+C20)/C23三环萜烷和C24四环萜烷/C26三环萜烷比值以及C27、C28、C29规则甾烷呈不对称“V”字形分布,指示烃源岩母质来源为混源型,既有陆源高等植物的输入,也有低等水生藻类的贡献。三环萜烷以C21为主峰碳的似正态分布和C26+长链三环萜烷“翘尾巴”的分布,表现出湖相的分布模式。Pr/Ph和伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷分别为1.45~1.92和0.03～0.16,反映烃源岩形成于淡水弱氧化—弱还原的沉积环境。烃源岩成熟度随地层深度的增加而增加,东二段烃源岩主要处于低成熟阶段,东三段和沙一段烃源岩有机质演化已进入成熟阶段。     

辽东湾地区烃源岩生物标志物特征与油源对比

利用烃源岩和原油的生物标志物参数,在有效识别和区分3套烃源岩的基础上通过油岩对比划分原油成因类型并探讨其分布特征.研究表明:3套烃源岩具有各自不同的生物标志物参数组合,沙一段烃源岩以其较高的w(伽马蜡烷)/w(C30藿烷)、长链三环萜烷比值(ETR)和较低的w(藿烷)/w(甾烷)区别于其他两套烃源岩;东三段烃源岩以相对较高的w(C19三环萜烷)/w(C23三环萜烷)、w(C24四环萜烷)/w(C26三环萜烷)和较低的w(4-甲基甾烷)/w(C29规则甾烷)区别于沙三段烃源岩;不同的生物标志物参数组合反映3套烃源岩具有不同的母质类型和沉积环境;辽东湾地区已发现的原油可划分为沙三型、沙三沙一混合型和东三型3种成因类型;沙三沙一混合型原油是辽东湾地区最主要的原油成因类型,广泛分布在凹陷内部和凸起;沙三型和东三型原油在局部地区分布,分布范围受烃源岩演化程度的控制.     

库车坳陷迪北地区烃源岩生物标志化合物特征及其意义

库车坳陷迪北地区具备良好的油气成藏条件,拥有丰富的油气资源,然而对于该地区油气来源的认识还存在一些问题。通过利用GC-MS(气相色谱/质谱法)对迪北地区烃源岩生物标志化合物特征进行了分析。研究结果表明:迪北地区烃源岩生物标志化合物中正构烷烃、C29ααα20S/20(S+R)、C31αβ22S/(22S+22R)和C32αβ22S/(22S+22R)比值特征显示,该地区烃源岩主要处于成熟演化阶段;C27~C29甾烷分布特征表明,迪北地区烃源岩母质主要来自于陆源生物有机质的输入;Pr/Ph、重排甾烷∑C27/规则甾烷∑C27比值、三环萜烷分布特征、C30霍烷、Tm、Ts及伽马蜡烷丰度等分布特征,总结出迪北地区烃源岩主要为淡水-微咸水的弱氧化沉积环境下形成的陆相烃源岩。由此可知,通过对迪北地区烃源岩生物标志化合物特征分析发现,迪北地区烃源岩成熟度较高,主要为弱氧化沉积环境下形成的陆相烃源岩,且研究成果将有助于迪北地区的油气成藏研究。     

索尔库里盆地侏罗系烃源岩有机地球化学特征

在油气勘探中,烃源岩的研究占有重要组成部分。侏罗系烃源岩在索尔库里盆地主体部位广泛分布,面积3 875.7km~2,最大厚度300 m以上,分布在盆地中南部。对索尔库里盆地侏罗系烃源岩样品进行有机地球化学分析。通过研究生物标记化合物来分析有机质的类型、成熟度和沉积环境。结果表明:研究样品中饱和烃馏分含量较高,在33%~75%之间。烃源岩样品Pr/Ph分布范围在0.49~0.99之间,说明其具有还原沉积环境;三环萜烷/霍烷分布范围为0.27~2.64,r-/0.5C_(31)丰度平均值为0.34,具有明显的淡水沉积环境特征。样品规则甾烷均呈C_(27) C_(28) C_(29)的V字型分布,认为烃源岩以偏腐泥混合型母质为主。藿烷与甾烷的成熟度参数存在差异,说明了烃源岩可能受到微生物降解作用。因此,对索尔库里盆地侏罗系烃源岩的研究,为以后该区的油气勘探提供一定的科学依据。     

潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩生物标志物特征及地球化学意义

通过对潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩有机质丰度、类型、成熟度及生物标志物的研究,发现孔店组烃源岩重排甾烷含量低,C27,C28和C29规则甾烷含量较多,C29甾烷的20S/(S R)和C29ββ/(ββ αα)比值分别在0.12～0.38和0.3～0.45之间;在萜类化合物中,奥利烷含量低,γ蜡烷与C30藿烷比值在0.1～0.37之间.研究结果表明孔店组烃源岩生源以高等植物为主,混有一定比例的藻类等低等水生生物,沉积环境为含盐度低的弱还原-弱氧化湖沼相,烃源岩有机质处于低熟-成熟阶段.     

东濮凹陷地区东营组低熟原油地球化学特征及油源分析

对东濮凹陷文留地区东营组原油的族组分、饱和烃色谱特征和生物标志化合物等资料的分析,结果表明东营组含油砂岩抽提物饱和烃一般在50%左右、非烃+芳烃为50%、沥青质一般小于5%;饱和烃同位素变化范围为-27.3‰~-28.1‰,族组分之间的碳同位素分馏效应小;饱和烃色谱特征差别较大。这主要是与原油不同深度时生物降解作用的程度有关。甾萜烷系列中C27和C29重排甾烷含量低,重排甾烷/规则甾烷的比值在0.1左右,C2920S/(20S+20R)为0.2~0.4,三环萜烷、四环萜烷含量低,Ts大于Tm,奥利烷与γ蜡烷含量高,反映了高盐度沉积环境下形成的未熟-低熟油特征。油源对比结果显示文留地区西部沙河街组第三段源岩与东营组油藏具有较好的亲源关系。     

准噶尔盆地南缘烃源岩生源特征及原油分类

以稳定碳同位素、饱和烃色谱、饱和烃色谱-质谱和热模拟生烃实验为主要手段,详细剖析了准噶尔盆地南缘地区侏罗系八道湾组、三工河组、西山窑组及古近系安集海河组烃源岩的生源特征,指出中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩生源以高等植物为主,沉积于偏氧化的淡水环境;古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩生源以低等水生生物为主,沉积于较咸化的还原环境;侏罗系八道湾组湖相烃源岩热模拟产物的生物标志物特征说明其与煤系烃源岩存在很大差别,但真实特征尚难以确定.通过原油饱和烃的规则甾烷C29/C27以及伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷两相指标将盆地南缘20个原油或油苗分为三类;结合其生源和沉积环境特征,基本确定这三类原油分别来自中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩以及二者的混源.     

塔北轮南地区油气成因与成藏探讨

通过对塔里木轮南地区不同层位、不同部位原油烃类化学组成的剖析 ,认为该区原油至少可分为两种不同的成因类型 ,可能存在多成藏期次 .三叠系、侏罗系原油化学组成与分布均一 ,其与轮南中西部断垒、桑塔木断垒西部奥陶系原油性质极为接近 ,以低分子量正构烷烃占优势 ,重排补身烷与重排甾烷、三环萜烷及Ts不甚发育 ,C2 3 三环萜烷为主峰 ,相对低值C2 7/C2 9甾烷等为特征 (第I类 ) ,奥陶系原油还具有中性氮化合物含量高的特征 ;以两断垒带东部石炭系、奥陶系为代表的原油以高值饱芳比、正构烷烃主峰碳后移、高含量C15 重排倍半萜与重排甾烷、低含量中性氮化合物、C2 0 三环萜烷为主峰、相对高值C2 7/C2 9甾烷、甾烷 /藿烷、Ts/ (Ts+Tm)、三环萜 /五环萜值等为特征 (第Ⅱ类 ) .轮南地区原油类型不同由主系油源不同所致 .烃类与非烃类运移指标反映奥陶系、石炭系原油具有自西而东的运移趋势 ;三叠系原油具有不太明显的由北而南的运移趋势 .烃类指标反映三叠系、侏罗系与同类型奥陶系原油间的运移分馏效应不太明显 ,其可能来自相同的烃源岩但成烃与成藏期不同     

开鲁盆地奈曼凹陷奈1区块原油地球化学特征及油源分析

对奈曼凹陷奈1区块源岩与原油的族组分、饱和烃GC-MS特征进行系统分析,研究奈曼凹陷奈1区块源岩与原油的地球化学特征,并且进行油源对比分析。结果表明:原油与九下段源岩的正构烷烃分布完整,峰形呈双峰态,主峰碳为nC23,次主峰碳为C17,具有明显的植烷优势,w(Pr)/w(Ph)分布在0.36～0.53;甾烷以规则甾烷为主,孕甾烷、升孕甾烷、重排甾烷含量偏低,规则甾烷呈"V"型分布,C29甾烷w(20S)/w(20S+20R)和w(ββ)/w(αα+ββ)分别为0.27～0.49和0.23～0.39;萜烷以C30藿烷系列为主,三环萜烷比较发育,重排甾烷含量低,伽马蜡烷含量高,在原油样品中检测出含量较高的β-胡萝卜烷,w(Ts)相似文献   

昌福山矿区童子岩组三段上亚段沉积特征及聚煤环境分析

通过对昌福山矿区主要含煤地层的沉积特征,即鲕粒、结核、层理、岩矿、古生物及煤质等分析,总结出昌福山矿区童子岩组第三段上亚段地层的沉积环境为:3号煤层为河控三角洲相沉积;5号煤层为下三角洲平原型沉积;7号煤层为海湾潮坪型沉积;9号煤层为独立障壁岛泻湖沉积。研究成果对区内煤岩层对比具有重要意义。     

松辽盆地长岭断陷烃源岩特征与油源对比

长岭断陷层烃源岩和原油样品的地球化学特征分析表明,火石岭—营城组是主要烃源岩,丰度较低、成熟度较高,以Ⅲ型干酪根为主。饱和烃参数、芳烃三芴系列组成特点均表明烃源岩主要形成于微咸－半咸水湖泊的弱氧化－还原环境中,物源以陆源高等植物输入为主,其次为低等水生生物。烃源岩及原油族组分、碳同位素特征、三环萜烷和四环萜烷系列、藿烷系列、芳烃系列分布特征与对比均表明,油源与营城组烃源岩具有较好的亲缘关系。     

High-quality hydrocarbon source rock in the Paleogene sequence of the Ping Chau Formation, Hong Kong

Although petroleum exploration is being conducted in the Hong Kong region, high-quality hydrocarbon source rocks have never been found in this area. The Ping Chau Formation is only Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary rock exposed in Hong Kong and its surrounding areas. The hydrocarbon source rock of the Ping Chau Formation is very rich in organic matters, which has an average total organic carbon (TOC) of 1.9% and chloroform bitumen ““A““ range from 0.14% to 0.24%. The total hydrocarbon content varies from 880 to 1800 ppm and the transformation ratio is specific from 5 to 9. The index of pyrolytic hydrogen is up to about 600 mgHC/gTOC. These data demonstrate the characteristics of the high-quality hydrocarbon source rock. The lamalginite is the major maceral of the source rock of the Ping Chau Formation, and geochemical characteristics also suggest that the organic materials of the source rock are of type I and type Ⅱ1, with abundant gammacerane, γ, β-caro-tane and C24 tetracyclic terpane, which indicate that it was formed in the salt water and brackish water sedimentary environment, and the source rock has evolved into a mature phase. The organic inclusions are found within calcite veins in cracks of the source rock, indicating that hydrocarbon has been generated and a secondary migration has happened. The source rock in the Ping Chau Formation is about 200-300 m thick, thus having considerable hydrocarbon potential. The discovery of the high quality hydrocarbon source rock in the Ping Chau Formation will certainly provide insight on hydrocarbon resource exploration in the South China Sea area.     

Geochemical study and significance of sequential extraction in reservoir rocks of Turpan-Hamin Basin

Seven samples collected from the Turpan-Hamin Basin were treated by sequential extraction method. Analytical results indicate that the free oils, inclusion oils (oil-bearing fluid inclusions) and clay-adsorbed oils vary significantly. The geochemical characteristics of inclusion and clay-adsorbed oils correlate well with the lacustrine mudstones. The characteristics are as follows: (i) with higher Ph/nC18 ratio and lower Pr/Ph ratio; (ii) with higher values of C26 tricyclic/C24 tetracyclic terpane, C23 tricyclic ter-pane/(C23 tricyclic terpane+C3017α(H) hopane), C21/(C21+C29) sterane, Ts/Tm and C29Ts/C29l7α(H) norhopane and lower value of C19/C21 tricyclic terpane; (iii) with relatively high content of C27 and C28 sterane and lower abundance of C29 sterane and diasterane. They indicate that the early charged oils are derived from the pre-Jurassic lacustrine mudstones and the later charged oils are from the Jurassic coal-bearing strata or coals.     

云南白显锰矿平台矿段沉积相与成锰环境分析

云南白显锰矿区为一套碳酸盐岩含锰建造，主要岩石类型有灰岩类、白云岩类和锰质告类，矿区的主要告相属碳酸盐局限台地相，分为泻湖、潮坪和蒸发潮坪三个亚相。锰矿层产于局限台地泻湖－潮坪－蒸发坪相序中。低Ｅｈ值和高ｐＨ值是锰质富集的主要地球化学条件。     

川东华蓥黄龙组沥青有机地球化学及油源对比

华蓥溪口镇石炭系黄龙组白云岩孔洞中充填大量固体沥青，野外采集了沥青及不同烃源岩层系样品，进行了沥青有机地球化学特征研究及来源分析。结果表明，黄龙组沥青白云岩有机碳含量较高，R_o为1.45%~1.48%，碳同位素-28.90‰（PDB），饱和烃及芳烃含量较低，以非烃为主；正构烷烃主峰碳为C₂₀，Pr/Ph为0.78~0.79，三环萜烷中C₂₃ > C₂₄ > C₂₁，三环萜烷/五环萜烷为0.82~1.06，甾烷中C₂₇ > C₂₉ > C₂₈，其中，C₂₇规则甾烷占优势，表明黄龙组沥青生烃母质以低等水生生物为主，为还原环境。萜烷参数及Ts/（Tm+Ts）均表明沥青成熟度较高。DBT/P为1.48~1.88，表明母岩可能为海相泥灰岩沉积。经生物标志物及沥青同位素综合对比，认为黄龙组固体沥青来自于龙马溪组页岩，氯仿沥青“A”抽提物具有混源特点，可能为龙马溪组页岩和栖霞组泥灰岩共同贡献的结果。     

New evidence for the origin of natural gas in Ordos Basin from hydrocarbons of oil water

The chief aim of the present work is to investigate the controversy origin of natural gas in the Ordos Basin by using the hydrocarbons of oil water. New evidence has been found: There is relatively high content of light hydrocarbons and low content of heavy components in the hydrocarbons fraction of oil water in the middle gas field of the Majiagou Formation, Ordovician reservoir. The hydrocarbons of oil water in Well Shan 12 and Well Shan 78 have relatively high abundance of tricyclic terpane. Tricyclic terpane/hopane of the two samples are 1.48 and 0.36, respectively. They also show that pregnane and hompregnane are in relatively high abundance with lower hopane/sterane ratio. Pr/Ph is less than 2.0. These characteristics reflected the source input of marine carbonate sedimentary environment. In contrast, the hydrocarbon of Well Shan 81 is lack of tricyclic terpane series and pregnane. It has a high hopane/sterane ratio and Pr/Ph is 3.27. These parameters are typical character of terrestrial organic matter. Furthermore, the hydrocarbons of oil water in Well Shan 37 and Well Shan 34 is between the two typical situations. They have little content of tricyclic terpanes. They may be derived from a mixing source of marine carbonate and terrestrial organic matter input. Similarly, the maturity parameters approve this suggestion. The samples of Well Shan 12 and Well Shan 78 which derived from marine carbonate have relatively high maturity and samples derived from terrestrial organic matter have lower maturity. The maturity of the hydrocarbons of mixing source is between these two situations. The suggestion coincides with the geological background and source rocks distribution.     

Geochemical characteristics and formation process of natural gas in Kela 2 gas field

 On the basis of a large amount of natural gascomponents and the carbon isotope as well as some otheranalysis data in Kela 2 gas field, the geochemical character-istics, source, origin, and formation process of natural gashave been discussed. The components of gas in the field tendto be "dry", and the drying coefficient is close to 1.0. Thecarbon isotope tends to be heavier, for instance, the averageof δ¹³C₁ is -27.36‰ and that ofδ¹³C₂ is -18.5‰. Compre-hensive analysis shows that humic natural gas in the Kuqapetroleum system comes mainly from Triassic and Jurassicsource rocks, and the contribution of Jurassic source rocks tothe pool maybe is more than that of Triassic rocks. The maincause that the gas tends to be dry and bears heavier isotopecomposition lies in the fact that Kela 2 natural gas is the ac-cumulation of late production of humic source rocks, and itis affected by the abnormal high pressure as well. Consider-ing the hydrocarbon generating and structural history, wecan regard the gas pool formation processes as twice fillingand twice adjusting (destroying), that is, the filling anddestroying process in the early Himalayan movement and thefilling and adjusting in the late Himalayan movement.