超声-Fenton法处理甲硝唑制药废水的研究

实验采用超声-Fenton法处理甲硝唑废水.通过测定COD值的变化得到处理的效果,通过静态实验研究Fe~(2+)投加量、H_2O_2投加量、pH值和超声反应时间对COD去除率的影响.正交实验结果表明,各因素影响显著性的先后顺序为H_2O_2投加量Fe~(2+)投加量pH值超声反应时间.研究结果表明,对于COD为1 010.5 mg/L的甲硝唑制药废水,在Fe~(2+)的投加量为0.06 mol/L,H_2O_2投加量0.25 mol/L,pH值为3,超声时间为60 min的条件下,COD去除率可达到95%,处理后COD质量浓度为50.5 mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准.说明超声-Fenton法对甲硝唑制药废水有良好的处理效果.     

Fenton法处理DMF废水及无机阴离子对反应的影响

N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为一种万能溶剂在工业中被广泛应用,但它有毒性、难以生物降解。本文采用Fenton法处理DMF模拟废水,考察了pH、反应时间、氧化剂投加量等条件对处理效果的影响,同时探讨了Cl-和SO2-4对反应的影响。研究结果表明:处理1g/L的DMF模拟废水,最佳反应条件为:w=30%H_2O_2的投加量为40mL/L,pH=2.0,n(H_2O_2)∶n(Fe2+)=3∶1,反应时间2.5h,在该条件下出水化学需氧量(COD)小于100 mg/L;Cl-对Fenton法处理DMF废水有着十分强的抑制作用,1g/L就会使出水COD由90mg/L上升到250mg/L;而SO2-4对Fenton反应的处理效果影响很小,当ρSO2-410g/L时有一定的促进作用。     

微波辅助类Fenton体系处理印染废水的试验

目的研究微波辅助类Fenton体系降解活性艳红X-3B染料废水的处理效果及p H值、催化剂投加量、H_2O_2投加量、微波辐照时间、功率等因素对废水色度和COD去除率的影响.方法制备催化剂,在微波辅助的条件下,控制pH值、H_2O_2投加量、微波功率及辐照时间、催化剂投加量,比对活性艳红X-3B的处理效果.结果初始色度为1 897倍的活性艳红X-3B废水,在催化剂投加质量浓度为10 g/L、初始pH值为3、H_2O_2投加浓度为17.5 mmol/L、微波功率为400 W,辐照时间为8 min的最优条件下,色度去除率最高可以达到99.08%,COD最大去除率达到89.12%.结论微波辅助类Fenton体系能有效处理活性艳红X-3B废水,提高废水的色度去除率和COD去除率,且该类Fenton体系投药量低,适用的pH范围也更广.     

超声波-Fenton氧化法处理米诺环素制药废水研究

米诺环素制药废水难以被常规的生物法氧化降解,用超声波-Fenton组合高级氧化法对其进行处理,进行了单因素和正交实验.以COD值变化为测定指标,在超声波28 k Hz频率、15 min反应时间下,研究了H_2O_2的投加量、超声波功率、Fe~(2+)/H_2O_2物质的量的比和反应初始值pH对处理米诺环素废水效果的影响.结果表明,当H_2O_2的投加量为8 m L/L,超声波功率为300 W,Fe~(2+)∶H_2O_2物质的量的比为1∶20,反应初始pH值为3.0的条件下,COD的去除率达到最大,为86.15%.说明超声波-Fenton氧化法对于这种四环素类难降解抗生素制药废水的降解效果很好.     

非均相UV/Fe-Cu-Y/H_2O_2体系处理含酚废水的试验

目的研究非均相UV/Fe-Cu-Y/H_2O_2体系对废水中酚的去除效果,确定该体系处理含酚废水的工艺条件.方法蒸馏水加入分析纯的苯酚晶体配制成水样,通过单因素试验分析各反应条件对废水中COD和苯酚去除率的影响,以确定最佳反应条件.结果非均相UV/Fe-Cu-Y/H_2O_2体系处理苯酚废水,H_2O_2(3%)的投加量为1.0 mL/L,催化剂的投加量为0.8g/L,调节pH值为5,最终苯酚的去除率为95%,COD的去除率为90.25%.结论非均相UV/Fe-Cu-Y/H_2O_2体系的氧化效果很大程度上受H_2O_2和催化剂投加量的影响,加入铜离子可以提高去除率.     

混凝法联合Fenton或O3氧化法深度处理焦化废水生化尾水

采用混凝法分别联合芬顿(Fenton)和O_3氧化法深度处理焦化废水的生化尾水。通过单因素实验分析,分别研究聚合硫酸铝铁(PAFC)、H_2O_2以及O_3的投加量对化学耗氧量(COD)、总氮(TN)以及苯酚处理效果的影响,并通过紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)分析废水中有机污染物的降解机制。结果表明:当PAFC投加量为2 000 mg/L时,混凝法对COD、TN以及苯酚的去除率分别为10.19%、2.36%以及2.13%;当H_2O_2投加量为0.07%时,Fenton强化混凝法对COD、TN以及苯酚的去除率分别为81.08%、22.49%以及95.84%;当O_3投加量为1 000 mg/L时,O_3强化混凝法对COD、TN以及苯酚的去除率分别达到82.63%、30.29%以及100%,对废水起到了良好的净化效果。     

Fenton氧化处理杨木活性染料染色废水工艺研究

为解决杨木活性染料染色废水达标排放的问题,采用Fenton法对杨木活性染料染色废水进行氧化处理。通过正交实验考察了30%H_2O_2投加量、FeSO_4·7H_2O浓度、反应温度、反应时间以及初始pH值对废水COD和色度去除率的影响。结果表明:Fenton氧化处理方法对该废水处理效果显著,优化工艺条件为30%H_2O_2投加量7.5 ml/L、FeSO_4·7H_2O浓度0.9 g/L、pH值2.5、反应温度50℃、反应时间80 min,处理后废水的COD和色度去除率分别达到92.27%和99.99%。Fenton法处理染色废水时对反应初始pH值要求较高,但具有处理时间短、污染物去除率高等优点。     

芬顿氧化法对抗生素废水深度处理的实验研究

研究了芬顿氧化法对抗生素废水SBR出水的深度处理效果,考察了pH值、H_2O_2投加量、FeSO_4·7H_2O投加量及H_2O_2和Fe SO_4·7H_2O的投加比对废水中COD去除率的影响。结果表明:在pH值为3.0、0.6 g FeSO_4·7H_2O、1.4 mL H_2O_2,反应时间为3h、室温条件下,芬顿氧化法对抗生素废水SBR出水的COD去除率达77.8%,为今后难处理有机废水的深度处理提供了新思路。     

钽铌矿冶炼铁泥制备聚硅酸硫酸铁及其应用

以Fenton法处理钽铌冶炼废水产生的铁泥为原料,制备了聚硅酸硫酸铁(PFSS)絮凝剂.研究了PFSS的制备工艺条件、PFSS投加量、废水的 pH值和搅拌时间对PFSS絮凝性能的影响.结果表明,当制备工艺条件中的SiO2质量分数w(SiO2)为1.00%,A,B混合液pH值为3.00,n(Fe)∶n(Si)为1∶1,活化温度为40 ℃,活化时间为2 h时,得到的PFSS具有最好的絮凝性能.用PFSS絮凝剂处理钨铋选矿废水,PFSS投加量为废水体积分数0.10%,废水pH值为7.00,搅拌2 min后,废水浊度去除率达99.9%,COD去除率达77.8%;废水中Pb和As去除率分别达99.0%和97.4%,Be去除率几乎达100%.处理后废水浊度为0.32 NTU,COD含量降至72.2 mg/L,废水中Pb和As质量浓度分别降至0.08和0.03 mg/L,Be未检出.处理后废水达到GB 8979-1996一级排放标准.     

混凝深度处理造纸废水的试验研究

为了提高造纸废水二级生化处理后出水的水质,采用混凝技术对该废水进行深度处理,考察pH值、混凝剂和絮凝剂种类及投加量等对处理性能的影响。结果表明,最佳运行参数:聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量为140mg/L,pH值为8,COD去除率和脱色率分别为29.1%和60%;复合絮凝剂阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)最优投加量为2mg/L,COD去除率和脱色率分别为35.7%和67.1%;复合脱色剂最优投加量为4mg/L,COD去除率和脱色率分别为44.1%和77.2%。最终出水COD和色度达到了造纸行业水污染物排放标准,为混凝深度处理造纸废水的工艺优化提供了理论依据,有利于该技术的推广应用。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.