磺甲基酚醛树脂在水中的分散特性

测定磺甲基酚醛树脂水溶液流体力学直径和ζ电势,以此考察磺甲基酚醛树脂在水中的分散特性.结果表明:在去离子水中,当磺甲基酚醛树脂的质量浓度小于0.05 g/L时,体系分子聚集体的流体力学直径为105 nm,其表面带负电;当磺甲基酚醛树脂质量浓度高于0.05 g/L时,磺甲基酚醛树脂分子聚集体之间开始聚集,聚集体的流体力学直径随之增加;不同电解质对磺甲基酚醛树脂水溶液的聚沉作用不同,NaCl与CaCl2,MgCl2,AlCl3,Na2SO4聚沉值之比为1:0.032:0.66:0.00058:0.79;随NaCl质量浓度的增加,磺甲基酚醛树脂分子聚集体的流体力学直径随之增加,ζ电势随之降低;pH=3.0时聚集体流体力学直径最大,ζ电势绝对值最小.     

烧结烟气鼓泡脱硫的三维数值模拟

对钢铁行业烧结工序的烟气脱硫过程进行了数值模拟研究,以220 m2烧结烟气脱硫塔为模拟对象建立了鼓泡脱硫塔气液流动与脱硫反应耦合的三维数理模型,考察了Ca(OH)2浓度、表观气速、入口烟气温度、入口烟气SO2浓度对烟气中SO2脱除率的影响.以表观气速0.11m/s、入口烟气温度418 K、入口烟气SO2浓度1 600 mg/m3、Ca(OH)2浓度0.614 mol/L、浆液温度323 K为基准工况,逐一改变单个运行参数.研究结果表明:当Ca(OH)2摩尔浓度为0.1~0.614 mol/L时,脱硫率随浆液中Ca(OH)2浓度的增加显著增大;当表观气速为0.07~0.21m/s时,脱硫率随流速的增大而降低;当入口烟气温度为370~445 K时,脱硫率随温度的增大而降低;当入口烟气SO2浓度为2 000~2 400 mg/m3时,脱硫率随入口烟气中SO2浓度的增加有所降低.     

有益微生物在暗尾东方鲀养殖中应用的研究

研究结果表明噬菌蛭弧菌和光合细菌结合使用对暗尾东方鲀养殖环境具有明显的改善作用,并能有效提高暗尾东方鲀的成活率,对暗尾东方鲀也有一定的促生长作用.25 d后实验组比对照组池塘中的细菌总数少2个数量级,70 d后实验组比对照组池塘中的细菌总数少3个数量级;25 d后对照组COD为6.45 mg/L,使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组的COD分别为4.66、4.46、4.38 mg/L;25 d后对照组NH3-N为0.53 mg/L,使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组的NH3-N分别为0.38、0.35、0.34 mg/L;90 d后对照组NH3-N为0.52 mg/L,使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组的NH3-N分别为0.25、0.23、0.22 mg/L;25 d后对照组硫化物为0.018 mg/L,使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组的NH3-N分别为0.014、0.012、0.010 mg/L,90 d后对照组硫化物为0.018 mg/L,使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组的硫化物分别为0.009、0.008、0.007 mg/L.使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组暗尾东方鲀的成活率分别比对照组提高3.3%、7.6%、7.4%;使用噬菌蛭弧菌浓度为3、5、10 mL/m3及光合细菌皆为5 mL/m3,实验组暗尾东方鲀分别比对照组平均净增长12、17、15 g.     

生物滴滤法脱除废气中SO_2工艺的研究

优化生物滴滤塔的性能,以提高其对SO2废气的处理效率.在单因素实验的基础上,以气体流量、SO2浓度、温度及pH值作为考察因素,通过设计正交试验,研究其脱硫最佳工艺条件;在最佳工况条件下探讨不同入口浓度、不同填料层高度及喷淋量对脱硫效率的影响.结果表明,各因素对SO2去除率影响大小次序为SO2浓度>温度>气体流量>pH值;最佳工艺条件为气体流量0.9m3/h,SO2浓度1 000mg/m3,pH值2.3~2.4,温度28℃.脱硫率随填料层高度增加而增大, 30L/h喷淋量的脱硫效果较优于24L/h,并且生物滴滤法比较适合于低浓度脱硫.     

硫酸盐还原菌的脱硫性能和铁还原性能

研究了硫酸盐还原菌(sulfate-reducing bacteria,SRB)Desulfovibrio sp.CMX在不同pH值、碳源、初始硫酸根(SO42-)浓度条件下的脱硫能力,并研究了D.sp.CMX在不存在SO42-的情况下的Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA(EDTA:乙二胺四乙酸)还原能力.结果表明,在pH=7,碳源为乳酸钠时,D.sp.CMX的脱硫效果最好.SO42-的初始浓度越大,60 h时的SO42-去除率越低.在不存在SO42-的情况下,D.sp.CMX可以直接将Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA生物还原成Fe(Ⅱ)EDTA,在Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA的浓度达到25 mmol/L时,菌株的铁还原率仍可达到62.51％.但是,随着Fe(Ⅲ)EDTA浓度的升高,D.sp.CMX的生长量下降.通过此阶段的研究,为进一步进行化学吸收结合生物还原同步脱硫脱硝实验研究提供了理论依据.     

硫酸盐还原菌还原Cr(Ⅵ)的初步研究

从土壤中分离筛选出几株抗Cr(Ⅵ)的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB),能在含800mg/L Cr(Ⅵ)的培养基中生长,其中2-S-8菌株在含75mg/LCr(Ⅵ)的培养基中生长36h后,培养液中的Cr(Ⅵ)已全部消失.该菌株经初步鉴定为脱硫弧菌.试验结果表明：高毒的Cr(Ⅵ)可被SRB还原成为低毒的Cr(Ⅲ),SRB对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原与SO₄^2-还原作用密切相关,主要是由SRB的代谢作用所产生的还原性产物(S^2-)来完成.     

产酸脱硫反应器优势功能菌生态关系

研究产酸脱硫反应器的微生物生态关系 ,对分离出来的 2种优势功能菌AB-ZH0 1和SRB -ZH0 7进行单独和配合生态学实验。碳源被SRB -ZH0 7利用去除硫酸盐的去除率顺序为 :乳酸 >丙酸 >丁酸 >乙酸 >葡萄糖 ;AB -ZH0 1对碳源的利用率顺序为 :葡萄糖 >乳酸 >丁酸 >乙酸 >丙酸。SRB和AB之间存在密切的互生关系 ,AB可以促进葡萄糖的降解并为SRB提供底物 ,SRB代谢产生的H2 S对AB有抑制作用。AB -ZH0 1和SRB -ZH0 7的数量比为 0 .5时 ,SO2 -4的去除率最大     

不同稻草投加量对SRB去除硫酸盐的影响

目的以稻草作为碳源,研究不同相对投加量对硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)处理硫酸盐废水的影响,确定去除硫酸盐的最佳稻草相对投加量.方法利用静态试验,在6组反应器(R1~R6)中接种富含SRB活性污泥,pH在7~7.5,T=35℃,w(SO2-4)=2 000 mg/L的厌氧环境下,分别投加1 g,5 g,10 g,15 g,20 g,25 g稻草,测定体系中SO2-4、COD、VFA、pH等指标变化情况.结果 6组反应器硫酸盐去除率分别为7.72%,67.52%,100%,100%,100%,VFA去除率分别为89.45%,70.48%,32.12%,20.67%,19.58%,15.79%.R1、R2中COD去除率均达到100%,R3~R6中COD质量浓度不断增加.反应体系中C、N、P质量比为m(C)∶m(N)∶m(PR1)=7∶6.5∶1,m(C)∶m(N)∶m(PR2)=100∶5∶1,m(C)∶m(N)∶m(PR3~R6)远大于100∶5∶1,碳硫质量浓度比为w(COD)/w(SO2-4)R1=0.028,w(COD)/w(SO2-4)R2=0.417,w(COD)/w(SO2-4)R3~R63.体系中pH均呈现出先降低后上升的趋势.结论稻草相对投加量为5 g时,硫酸盐的处理效果最佳,此相对投加量下w(COD)/w(SO2-4)值接近SRB完全降解硫酸盐的理论值0.617,SO2-4、COD与VFA去除率较高,1 g稻草去除0.132 g硫酸盐,反应体系中C、N、P质量比与pH均达到SRB适宜生长的环境条件.     

微生物还原法制备脱硫催化剂吸附SO2的研究

在室温条件,采用大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)与常规浸渍法制备的Cu O/γ-Al2O3相互作用制备了一种络合催化剂,并研究了催化剂在液相中的脱硫和再生性能。研究表明:该络合催化剂在Cu负载量为2%时,对SO2的饱和吸附量可达312.2 mg/g·cat,当SO2浓度为100mg/L,催化剂浓度1g/L时,其脱硫率能达到92.8%;吸附后的催化剂可通过加热再生,4次再生后其脱硫率为80.5%,是一种性能良好的脱硫剂。FTIR和XPS分析表明,在有氧和水条件下,菌粉表面的把Cu2+还原成Cu+,然后Cu+与菌粉中的羧基相互作用形成的络合物是吸附SO2的活性中心。     

液相生化法烟气脱硫机理及动力学

试验研究pH、Fe3+浓度、SO2浓度和温度对液相生化法烟气脱硫反应动力学的影响.结果表明:Fe3+浓度是整个脱硫过程中最关键的影响因素,Fe3+浓度为0—0.01mol/L时,脱硫效率随Fe3+浓度的增加而增加,继续增加Fe3+浓度,脱硫效率没有明显变化;pH在1.5—3.5范围内,脱硫效率随H+浓度的升高而降低;SO2浓度在1145—2232mg/m3范围内,脱硫效率随SO2浓度的增加而降低;温度在20℃—35℃范围内,脱硫效率随温度升高而升高.同时,在推理液相生化法烟气脱硫机理的基础上,建立了Fe3+浓度变化的动力学方程,用动力学方程计算的Fe3+浓度很好地和试验值吻合.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.