带附加气室空气弹簧力学特性参数试验

为了揭示带附加气室空气弹簧动力学特性,基于1T15M-2膜式空气弹簧建立了带附加气室空气弹簧力学特性试验测试系统,利用自由衰减振动的方法研究了簧上质量、节流孔直径、附加气室容积等因素对系统等效刚度、等效阻尼及固有频率等力学特性参数的影响.试验结果表明:在保持弹簧工作高度不变的前提下,增加簧上质量会增大弹簧等效刚度,但簧上质量的变化对弹簧的等效阻尼比和固有频率影响不大;随节流孔直径的增大,等效阻尼先增大后减小;在节流孔直径4～7 mm范围内,等效刚度和固有频率均由最大值迅速降到最小值;在附加气室容积小于主气室容积2～3倍范围内,增大附加气室容积有利于降低空气弹簧的等效刚度和固有频率;在节流孔有效作用下,再增大附加气室容积会明显增大空气弹簧等效阻尼比.     

基于遗传算法的带附加气室空气悬架多目标优化

以带附加气室的空气弹簧悬架为研究对象,按照物理模型建立带附加气室空气弹簧的数学模型,考虑到空气弹簧刚度的非线性,将该模型以空气弹簧非线性力的形式直接引入到1/4车辆模型。以提高车辆平顺性、行驶安全性及操纵稳定性的综合性能为目标,以附加气室容积为优化变量,设计带附加气室空气悬架的多目标优化模型;考虑到悬架性能各指标量在量纲与量级上的差异,对各指标量进行统一化处理,并采用线性加权和法将多目标函数转化为单目标评价函数。在MAT-LAB/Simulink中搭建系统仿真模型,采用遗传优化算法对典型工况下的最优附加气室容积进行寻优。优化结果表明,优化附加气室容积能有效提高悬架的综合性能,降低车身加速度、悬架动行程,但轮胎动载荷有所增加。     

多频激励下气动隔振系统非线性特性分析

运用非线性动力学的方法研究气动隔振系统在多个频率激励下的非线性动力学特性.通过试验的方法得到空气弹簧在一定初始压力下的相对载荷曲线,以空气弹簧工作高度为自变量,用三次多项式对该曲线进行非线性拟合,得到弹簧非线性恢复力与工作高度的三次多项式表达式.建立气动隔振系统在3个激励频率下的非线性模型,根据弹簧的非线性恢复力,得到系统的非线性动力学方程.运用多尺度法对该非线性动力学方程进行求解,分析3个频率共同作用下的组合共振,讨论各非线性参数对系统的影响.研究结果表明:当组合频率接近系统线性化固有频率时,系统具有很强的组合共振;三次非线性系数直接影响系统的非线性特性;激励幅值越大,非线性现象越明显.     

空气弹簧悬架的振动模型和刚度特性研究

提出了带有附加气室的空气弹簧的力学模型,建立了空气弹簧在汽车悬架中的数学模型.分析了空气弹簧的刚度特性,对其求解进行了简化,利用多尺度法对空气弹簧在正弦激励下的主共振响应进行了计算,得到了幅频响应关系.通过研究得到空气弹簧的振动过程中介于两种简化的力学模型之间,且呈现较强的非线性特点.     

气动可调式准零刚度隔振器设计及特性分析

针对承载质量的变化会影响隔振器性能的问题，设计了具有准零刚度特性的可调式非线性气动隔振器.该准零刚度隔振器由一个竖直的双气室可调式气动弹簧和4个对称初始水平放置的单气室可调式气动弹簧组合而成.分析了气动可调式准零刚度隔振系统的设计参数之间应满足的关系.当承载质量改变时，通过调节气压来保持静平衡位置处的准零刚度特性.利用谐波平衡法对系统进行振动分析，得到了系统的力传递率，并对其隔振性能进行了评估.结果表明，系统具有良好的低频隔振性能，优于相应的线性系统.     

光学平台隔振系统结构参数的优化设计

针对使用空气弹簧隔振器的光学平台传递函数进行了研究.对平台固有频率和传递函数的计算结果进行曲面拟合,并利用拟合曲面形成目标函数,进行平台隔振系统结构参数的优化设计计算.结果表明,要获得最佳隔振效果,应取相对阻尼系数ξ越小越好,但ξ过小使系统稳定性变差.最优值ξ为0.1～0.15,主空气室与附加空气室的容积比k为0.28.     

强非线性主动隔振系统的运动响应及传递率

建立了主动隔振体的非线性动力学方程,即有阻尼受迫振动Duffing方程;对求解强非线性自治系统的能量迭代方法加以改进,将其用于求解强非线性非自治系统,得到了主动隔振系统周期运动响应的解析表达式和振幅-频率关系曲线,并按新振动传递率定义研究了振动传递率与频率的关系.应用这一方法,获得了精度较高的周期解表达式、振幅与频率关系曲线以及位移传递率与频率关系曲线;得到了主动隔振问题的有关结果:对于非线性硬弹簧系统(α＞0),随着非线性项系数增大,共振的振幅虽然减小,但传递率增大,故隔振效果较差;对于非线性软弹簧系统(α≤0),随着非线性项系数的绝对值增大,共振的振幅减小,同时传递率也减小,故非线性软弹簧系统(α≤0)具有较好的主动隔振.     

汽车悬架非线性螺旋弹簧的设计与仿真分析

通过拟合空气弹簧的特性曲线,并利用螺旋弹簧刚度计算公式得到螺旋弹簧中径和高度的关系,在ANSYS对非线性螺旋弹簧模型进行载荷分析,并对结果数据进行拟合,得到所设计弹簧的特性曲线方程.对建立四分之一悬架系统模型的动力学方程,利用摄动法将非线性弹簧特性曲线方程线性化处理且带入动力学方程中,在MATLAB/Simulink中进行仿真分析,以及与四分之一定刚度悬架系统对比分析.仿真结果表明:利用空气弹簧非线性特性所设计的非线性弹簧可有效提高车辆的舒适性和平顺性,相对于定刚度悬架其各参数指标均有很大程度的改善和提升.     

环形薄圆板的非线性振动分析

为研究环形薄圆板非线性振动特性，用伽辽金法消除动态卡门偏微分方程的残值，推导出了环形薄圆板的受迫振动控制方程，即硬弹簧型达芬方程；用KBM法求解达芬方程，定性地探讨了边界条件、阻尼比、外激振力和内外半径比对环形薄圆板振动的影响，得到了4种边界条件下共振时激起的振幅均随半径比或阻尼比的增大而减少的结论；取外激振力作为控制参数，进行理论分析和数值仿真，发现随着外激振力的增大，动力系统从围绕1个焦点的周期运动转变成围绕2个焦点的周期运动．结果表明非齐次项(即外激振力项)不会导致动力系统不稳定．     

轮毂直驱空气悬架系统垂向动力学特性分析

针对轮毂直驱电动汽车簧下质量较大和电动机不平衡电磁力的问题,进行了轮毂直驱空气悬架(hub direct drive air suspension,HDD-AS)系统垂向动力学特性分析.构建了轮毂电动机与带附加气室空气悬架耦合模型,当轮毂直驱空气悬架系统在路面随机激励与电动机不平衡电磁力耦合作用下,附加气室容积和阻尼系数改变时,分析了电动机偏心距、电动机不平衡电磁力、簧上质量加速度、悬架动行程、轮胎动载荷和簧下质量加速度均方根值的变化规律,研究了附加气室容积和阻尼系数变化对电动机偏心距、簧上质量加速度、悬架动行程、轮胎动载荷和簧下质量加速度的频域影响.结果表明:附加气室容积和阻尼系数的变化对轮毂直驱空气悬架系统悬架性能和轮毂电动机振动具有较大的影响.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to