基于遗传算法的带附加气室空气悬架多目标优化

以带附加气室的空气弹簧悬架为研究对象,按照物理模型建立带附加气室空气弹簧的数学模型,考虑到空气弹簧刚度的非线性,将该模型以空气弹簧非线性力的形式直接引入到1/4车辆模型。以提高车辆平顺性、行驶安全性及操纵稳定性的综合性能为目标,以附加气室容积为优化变量,设计带附加气室空气悬架的多目标优化模型;考虑到悬架性能各指标量在量纲与量级上的差异,对各指标量进行统一化处理,并采用线性加权和法将多目标函数转化为单目标评价函数。在MAT-LAB/Simulink中搭建系统仿真模型,采用遗传优化算法对典型工况下的最优附加气室容积进行寻优。优化结果表明,优化附加气室容积能有效提高悬架的综合性能,降低车身加速度、悬架动行程,但轮胎动载荷有所增加。

The Multiobjective Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm of Air

Taking the air spring suspension with auxiliary chamber as the object of study, along with mathematical model of air spring suspension with auxiliary chamber set up by physical model ,and considering the nonlinearity of air spring's stiffness, this model can be introduced to 1/4 vehicle model directly in the form of nonlinear force. In order to enhance vehicle ride comfort, driving safety and control stability, we use the volume of auxiliary chamber as optimization variable, and design the multi-objective optimization model of air suspension with auxiliary chamber; Considering the differences of each index in suspension performance in dimension and magnitude, the various indexes are unified and multi-objective function is transformed into a single objective function by using linear weighted method. System simulation model is built in the MATLAB/SIMULINK and a genetic algorithm is used to optimize auxiliary chamber in the typical condition. The optimization results show that comprehensive performance and ride comfort are improved, while driving safety and handling stability decrease slightly.