基于二叉树模型期权定价的矩阵形式算法

二叉树模型是使用范围最广的期权定价方法之一.该文根据期权定价的二叉树模型思想,从矩阵的角度考虑二叉树模型的期权定价,给出了一种基于二叉树模型期权定价的新方法———矩阵形式算法,并通过实例说明了其应用.     

基于交易成本和红利的欧式期权二叉树模型及算法

二叉树期权定价模型是期权定价理论中一种重要的数值方法,典型的二叉树模型是在没有交易成本及红利的基础上建立的,本文考虑有交易成本和红利的欧式期权二叉树图法,分别从已知红利率和交易成本比例以及已知红利数额和交易成本数额两方面,给出了欧式期权二叉树模型。 并结合典型二叉树模型的矩阵算法,给出了修正后二叉树模型的矩阵形式算法和MATLAB程序语言,使其在实际金融市场中的应用更加便捷。     

跳-扩散模型下一类房产期权模型及计算分析

假设房产价格服从跳-扩散模型,研究分期付款看涨房产期权的定价问题.以北京西奥中心写字楼以租代售的实例为背景,在Black-Scholes框架下建立了实物期权定价的偏微分方程模型,推导出相应的二叉树格式离散模型,并进行数值模拟和参数分析,结果表明该模型较扩散模型更接近实际市场.     

新型二叉树参数模型在亚式期权定价中的应用

借助于概率论中矩的思想,通过精确求解得到一种新的二叉树参数模型,并用新的二叉树参数模型为亚式期权定价,具有很高的计算精度.     

基于变换二叉树法的期权定价研究

传统的二叉树法广泛应用于期权定价中,但这个方法计算期权价格时依赖于常数的资产价格波动率,因此当波动率是一随机过程即随机波动率模型时就难以用于期权定价中.为了弥补传统二叉树法的缺陷,该文在经典的Black-Scholes(BS)模型下建立了一个新的变换二叉树法,这个方法也可以推广应用于随机波动率模型.最后,运用公式解、传统二叉树法和变换二叉树法分别计算了欧式看涨期权的价格,并验证了变换二叉树法的准确性和可行性.     

抛物型模糊二叉树欧式期权定价模型

利用可信性理论对抛物型模糊二叉树期权定价模型进行了研究,推导出单期二叉树模型欧式期权价值的期望值,拓展了上升因子为三角模糊变量的单期二叉树欧式期权定价模型.而抛物型模糊数能够更好地捕捉股价变化过程中的不确定性,使模型的适用范围更广.     

基于Bayesian的二叉树期权定价模型

衍生证券中期权的合理定价是困扰着投资者的一个难题,在用二叉树模型进行定价时,模型中波动率的周期间隔是很难确定的,但又是必须面对的问题,相关公司都有自己独到的确定时期间隔的方法.一般对前期的信息和类似股票或相关证券的信息被忽略,这样的处理使我们不能充分利用相关的信息从而不能更加准确的对期权进行定价.利用Bayesian理论和二叉树模型,综合先验信息和人们对期权的已有知识,对期权进行了定价.探讨了基于Bayesian的Binary-tree期权定价模型,使股票的收益率服从正态分布.     

有交易费用的彩虹期权定价模型的研究

通过在对标准欧式期权和彩虹期权定价模型的研究,推导出有交易费用的彩虹期权定价公式,并证明了该公式的合理性;随后又运用了二叉树方法求出其近似解.     

基于模糊二叉树模型的美式看跌期权定价问题

市场中影响期权价格的因素具有随机性和模糊性的特点。本文假定股票的价格波动为抛物型模糊数,推导出了模糊风险中性概率,进而将美式期权定价的传统二叉树模型扩展到模糊二叉树模型,给出了该模型的美式看跌期权定价过程和最优实施时间。最后的数值算例将该模型应用到国内的权证市场,针对唯一一只美式认沽权证进行定价分析,结果表明利用模糊二叉树模型定价能够得到一个合理的期权模糊价格区间。投资者可根据自身风险偏好程度改变置信水平和抛物型模糊数来进行投资决策。     

美式期权的二叉树与三叉树定价模型收敛速度比较

美式期权不同于欧式期权,可以在到期日以前任意时间操作.一般而言,美式期权定价的解析解是很难得到的,二叉树和三叉树方法都是比较好的数值计算方法,它们都收敛于Black-Scholes期权定价公式的价格.在此对二叉树和三叉树模型的节点数目、近似误差和计算时间进行了比较,并且通过Visual Basic程序,给出实例说明三叉树模型要比二叉树模型在精确性方面要好,但是计算时间却要慢得多.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.