CdCl_2热处理对CdS/CdTe界面扩散和界面反应的影响研究

采用在CdTe薄膜太阳能电池结构Glass/FTO/CdS/CdTe基础上制备的Glass/FTO/CdS/CdTe/CdS体系,通过XRD,SEM,Raman,XPS研究了不同温度CdCl2空气热处理对CdS/CdTe界面互扩散、界面反应和重结晶过程的影响.研究表明,样品的表面形貌在不同温度热处理后有剧烈的差异,经300～350℃热处理后,CdS晶粒从室温时的20nm迅速增大至70nm左右,这与CdS从立方相到六方相的相变温度符合.CdS/CdTe界面在350℃左右就开始比较明显地互扩散,550℃时界面已生成具有六方纤锌矿结构的CdS0.85Te0.15.CdS因与CdTe的相互扩散并生成CdSxTe1-x而被迅速消耗.450℃以上CdS/CdTe界面部分被氧化生成CdTeO3.拉曼光谱中CdS的1LO峰在350℃左右由强变弱同时向低波数移动表明开始生成CdSxTe1-x.光电子能谱验证了CdSxTe1-x和CdTeO3在热处理过程中的形成.CdCl2防止了界面的氧化和促进了CdS/CdTe界面扩散以及CdSxTe1-x的生成.     

H2表面处理形成Al/n型6H-SiC欧姆接触及其退化机制

作者通过氢气表面热处理,获得了具有较好特性的Al/n-6H-SiC欧姆接触.在这种H2处理后的SiC表面,可以直接通过蒸铝(Al)形成欧姆接触,而无须进行退火处理.该方法也适用于低掺杂外延层上的欧姆接触.XPS测试表明,这种欧姆接触是在400℃以上的退化时,由Al及6H-SiC中的Si元素互扩散所致.     

p—GaP／Au—Sb／Au—Zn体系的接触界面

采用X光电子能谱(XPS)研究了Au-Zn/Au-Sb与p-GaP接触体系的界面结构及其组分随着A_r~ 溅射刻蚀深度的变化,实验结果表明,在一定的合金温度下由于GaP和Au-Zn/Au-Sb层之间金属-半导体互扩散生成Au-Ga反应层,GaSb化合物并含有Zn的原子,Zn内扩散使界面形成一个较高掺杂浓度的再生长层,可改善M-S欧姆接触性质,此外,界面上还有碳、氧杂质的沾污,有效地清除半导体表面氧化层对于制好欧姆电极是重要的。     

对向靶磁控溅射纳米氧化钒薄膜的热氧化处理

采用直流对向靶磁控溅射方法制备低价态纳米氧化钒薄膜,研究热氧化处理温度和时间对氧化钒薄膜的组分、结构和电阻温度特性的影响采用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、X射线衍射（XRD）和原子力显微镜（AFM）对氧化钒薄膜的组分、结晶结构和微观形貌进行分析,利用热敏感系统对薄膜的电阻温度特性进行测量．结果表明,经300～360℃热处理后,氧化钒薄膜的组分逐渐由V2O3和VO向VO2转变,薄膜由非晶态变为单斜金红石结构,具有金属半导体相变性能;增加热处理温度后,颗粒尺寸由20nm增大为100nm,薄膜表面变得致密,阻碍氧与低价态氧化钒的进一步反应,薄膜内VO2组分舍量的改变量不大;增加热处理时间后,薄膜内VO2组分的含量明显增加,相变幅度超过2个数量级.     

钛网表面TiO2纳米管表征及光催化性能研究

采用阳极氧化的方法在钛网基体上制备了二氧钛纳米管.利用SEM、XRD、TEM和XPS对试样进行了表征,并对其紫外光光催化性能进行了测试.结果显示,以钛网为载体试样,SEM照片显示出特别的背脊结构.XRD分析表明TiO_2纳米管在热处理温度450℃与550℃之间发生了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变.由XPS拟合分峰后表明,试样表面Ti元素存在方式有TiO_2和Ti_2O_3.经热处理TiO_2纳米管降解罗丹明B实验表明,锐钛矿与金红石混合结构较单纯锐钛矿结构光催化效率高,金红石含量存在一个最佳值.     

热处理对离子束溅射Ni-Cr薄膜性能和结构的影响

采用低能离子束溅射技术制备Ni-Cr合金薄膜,并对Ni-Cr合金薄膜进行快速热处理.用小角度X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜、α-台阶仪、四探针仪等测量薄膜的结构、形貌、厚度及电子学特性.研究结果表明：采用低能离子束溅射技术结合快速热处理工艺可以制备性能优良的Ni-Cr合金薄膜,薄膜的厚度与溅射时间呈正比;经过350℃及以上温度快速热处理后,溅射非晶态Ni-Cr合金薄膜发生晶化;溅射态合金薄膜方块电阻与溅射时间呈反比;薄膜方块电阻随热处理温度的升高而降低,经450℃/600 s热处理后薄膜方块电阻不发生变化.     

微细通道内过冷水温度对蒸汽直接接触间歇凝结界面波动的影响研究

为了探究过冷水温度对T型微细通道内蒸汽直接接触间歇凝结过程的影响,开展了可视化实验研究.采用高速摄像机(帧率为5000 fps)捕捉到了蒸汽温度100℃、蒸汽体积流量550μL/min及过冷水体积流量14758μL/min等参数恒定且过冷水温度分别为30℃、40℃和50℃工况下,1000 ms内汽液界面瞬时演变行为.研...     

关于退火温度对VO_2薄膜制备及其电学性质影响的研究

采用真空蒸发-真空退火工艺由V2O5粉末制备VO2薄膜,研究了退火温度对薄膜的影响.经XRD,XPS及电阻-温度测试发现,随退火温度的升高,VO2薄膜先后经历了单斜晶系VO2(B)型→单斜晶系VO2(A)型→四方晶系VO2的变化,在3种类型的薄膜中V均以V4+为主,且在VO2(A)型薄膜中V4+含量最高.薄膜电阻以退火温度460℃时为分界线,低于460℃时,VO2(B)型薄膜电阻和电阻温度系数随退火温度的升高而增大;高于460℃时,四方晶系VO2薄膜的电阻及其电阻温度系数随退火温度的升高呈现相反的趋势.     

热处理和KOH腐蚀对CdS/CdTe太阳电池性能的影响

本文研究了热处理和KOH腐蚀对CdS/CdTe多晶薄膜太阳电池性能的影响。结果表明,CdTe薄膜在沉积过程中或沉积后进行热处理,都可有效地改善器件的工作性能;Au/CdTe接触前对CdTe膜进行KOH腐蚀,能改善欧姆接触特性;蒸Au后的热处理及迅速冷却也能使欧姆接触特性得到进一步的改善。     

Au—Si界面的室温反应

本文利用XPS研究了在超高真空条件下形成的Au—Si(113)界面初始阶段的室温反应,测量了Si2p、2S和Au4f光电子发射峰的强度和能量位置随Au复盖量的变化。所有的结果都表明,与Au—Si(111)和Au—Si(100)系统一样,存在一个发生界面室温反应的临界Au厚度～5ML,从而推断,这个现象可能是Au—Si界面形成过程的普遍特性。根据我们的实验结果,还讨论了Au—Si界面形成的可能模型。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.