SMA抽提回收方法实验研究

文章总结了国内外提出的沥青混合料抽提及沥青回收方法,分析目前普遍使用的离心抽提试验及阿布森回收试验的不足.针对SMA混合料的特点,设计不同的对比试验,验证了SMA混合料抽提回收过程中,矿粉、三氯乙烯及纤维等关键因素的影响程度,并提出相应的解决方案与改进措施,以便准确评定SMA混合料的级配、油石比状况及混合料中的沥青性状;为进行正确的SMA配合比设计、分析SMA沥青路面的破坏原因及路用性能衰变规律以及SMA混合料的再生利用提供数据基础.     

沥青混合料室内加速热氧老化特性与预估研究

为了探明沥青混合料室内加速热氧老化的特性并进行预估,研究采用沥青混合料加速老化系统,利用阿布森法回收沥青进行相关指标测试,建立了与LTOA老化时间与温度的对应关系,对SBSⅠ-C改性沥青AC-13沥青混合料进行加速老化试验,并基于试验结果建立了沥青混合料加速老化性能衰减预估方程。研究结果表明：对沥青混合料在175℃下进行老化后回收的沥青与原样沥青旋转薄膜烘箱加热试验在相同老化时间内的技术指标相仿;随着老化时间的延长,沥青混合料的残留稳定度、TSR逐渐降低;动稳定度逐渐升高;本文所建立的沥青混合料加速老化性能衰减预估方程与试验数据具有较高的相关性。     

阿布森沥青回收试验方法探讨

沥青回收试验是确保再生沥青路面质量的重要基础,在总结已有研究的基础上对阿布森法沥青回收方法进行了较为详细的研究,给出了回收液制备、蒸馏回收、蒸馏结束条件确定等试验操作步骤中的若干注意事项.     

Evotherm温拌再生沥青流变特性

为探究RAP料中回收沥青掺量对温拌再生沥青流变性能的影响,在Evotherm温拌沥青中分别掺量0%,10%,20%,30%,40%和50%的回收沥青制备温拌再生沥青.采用粘度试验、温度扫描试验和弯曲梁流变试验分别对温拌和热拌再生沥青的流变性能进行对比研究,并对温拌再生混合料的路用性能进行了验证.试验结果表明:Evotherm温拌再生沥青的流变性能优于热拌再生.随着回收沥青结合料掺加的增加,温拌再生沥青的粘度值、车辙因子、破坏温度值和蠕变劲度S值逐渐增大,而蠕变速率m逐渐变小,说明Evotherm温拌再生沥青和易性变差,高温性能变好,而低温抗裂性能变差.另外,掺加40%RAP料的温拌再生沥青混合料具有优良的路用性能.并建议回收沥青结合料的掺量为40%.     

基于半圆试件的沥青混合料动态模量测试方法

由于单轴压缩动态模量难以用于路面芯样试件,导致设计模量评价方法难以用于路面质量的符合性检验.鉴于此,文中在分析半圆试件荷载响应的基础上开发了基于半圆试件的动态模量测试方法,确定了试验参数,对常用沥青面层混合料进行了动态模量测试.试验结果表明,通过三维有限元方法确定的应力系数有很高的精度,得到的动态模量符合精度要求.对试验数据的变异系数分析表明,试验结果的离散性和复现性偏差均较小,说明试验方法具有很好的稳定性.     

基于红外光谱图特征峰分析的沥青指标

基于采用红外光谱图特征峰分析沥青指标是快速评价稠油沥青质量的研究热点,借助傅立叶红外光谱技术、分离分析等手段,对90#A级沥青和SBS改性沥青进行红外光谱测试分析.结果表明:沥青的红外光谱分析技术与常规沥青检测方法的相关性为99.6%;90#A级沥青在3 000～650 cm~(-1)出现9处较明显的特征峰,SBS改性沥青在2 950～650 cm~(-1)出现11处较明显的特征峰,每个特征峰均有对应的特征基团;同类沥青材料的特征基团一致,同类沥青材料的技术指标相同.通过对比分析沥青红外光谱图的特征峰,可以快速评判出沥青质量优劣,缩短了检测评价沥青材料指标的试验时间.     

热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青及其混合料性能的影响

通过热氧老化前后的拉伸试验和黏度试验评价高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能,通过马歇尔试验、劈裂试验、低温小梁弯曲试验及四点弯曲疲劳试验考察热氧老化对高韧性环氧沥青混合料性能的影响;并与美国环氧沥青和日本环氧沥青作对比。结果表明,热氧老化对三种环氧沥青及混合料的性能影响均不显著,老化后仍满足相关技术指标要求。其中,高韧性环氧沥青的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和施工容留时间分别损失了8. 9%、11. 2%和4. 8%;其混合料的马歇尔稳定度、劈裂强度、低温破坏应变和疲劳寿命分别下降了6. 6%、5. 7%、8. 2%、8. 1%。高韧性环氧沥青的抗老化性能略逊于美国环氧沥青,而优于日本环氧沥青。     

沥青混合料室内加速热氧老化特性与预估

为了探明沥青混合料室内加速热氧老化的特性并进行预估,研究采用沥青混合料加速老化系统,利用阿布森法回收沥青进行相关指标测试,建立了与LTOA老化时间与温度的对应关系。对SBSⅠ-C改性沥青AC-13沥青混合料进行加速老化试验;并基于试验结果建立了沥青混合料加速老化性能衰减预估方程。研究结果表明:对沥青混合料在175℃下进行老化后回收的沥青与原样沥青旋转薄膜烘箱加热试验在相同老化时间内的技术指标相仿;随着老化时间的延长,沥青混合料的残留稳定度、TSR逐渐降低;动稳定度逐渐升高。所建立的沥青混合料加速老化性能衰减预估方程与试验数据具有较高的相关性。     

岩沥青/环氧树脂复合改性路面回收料路用性能

为了提高路面回收料（RAP）再生过程中的利用率,并确保再生的沥青混合料能满足路用条件,本文提出了一种新的复合改性沥青材料。将布敦岩沥青（BRA）、E-44热固性环氧沥青、自制固化剂、70#基质沥青以及路面回收旧料,以一定的配比组成新型岩沥青与环氧树脂复合改性RAP料,通过响应面法对试验进行设计并预测分析最优掺量。通过高温车辙试验、低温弯曲试验、浸水马歇尔试验和四点弯曲梁试验对不同掺量改性剂下的力学性能以及抗疲劳性能进行了评价。结果表明：岩沥青与环氧树脂都能有效提高再生沥青混合料的高温性能;岩沥青会导致再生沥青混合料的柔性降低,释放应力的能力变差,通过掺入环氧树脂能改善这一现状;环氧树脂、沥青、固化剂三者发生的交联固化反应使再生沥青混合料成为不可逆的固体,显著降低了对旧料的要求,从而提高RAP旧料的使用率。     

细集料棱角性对沥青混合料性能的影响

通过分析试验数据，考察了细集料棱角性（FFAA）对沥青混合料沥青用量、体积性质、水稳定性、高温稳定性等重要指标或性能的影响情况。结果表明，FFAA均未与上述指标或性能建立起显著的线性关系。FFAA不适合单独作为评价细集料品质的技术指标，同时也不适合单独采用FFAA来评价细集料对沥青混合料性能影响的情况。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.