鄂尔多斯盆地中部延长组烃源岩生物标志化合物特征

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组原油和烃源岩的有机质组成、沉积环境和演化程度相近,以往采用正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、甾萜烷等生物标志化合物进行精细油源对比还存在着一定的困难。文中对鄂尔多斯盆地中部三叠系延长组长7~长9油层组三套烃源岩的生物标志化合物参数的系统精细研究,优选特征参数,对烃源岩的成熟度、沉积环境及母质来源进行分析。研究发现:C_(29)甾烷ββ/(ββ+αα)、C_(29)Ts(C_(29)藿烷+C_(29)Ts)、C_(30)~*/(C_(30)~*+C30藿烷)、姥植比和甾烷ααα20RC_(29)/C_(27)在表征研究区三套烃源岩成熟度及母质来源方面具有较好的效果。C_(29)甾烷ββ/(ββ+αα)和C_(29)Ts(C_(29)藿烷+C_(29)Ts)反映研究区不同层位成熟度差异不明显,但同层位不同地区存在差异,志丹县以东的靖边-安塞地区较低。C_(30)~*/(C_(30)~*+C_(30)藿烷)、姥植比和ααα20RC_(29)/C_(27)甾烷显示不同层位烃源岩的沉积环境、母源输入有差异,长7和长8油层组烃源为弱还原-弱氧化条件下的半深湖-浅湖水生生物输入为主,长9油层组烃源岩以氧化-弱氧化条件下的湖沼高等植物输入为主。     

东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖地区油气源对比及油气运移特征分析

为了明确东海盆地西湖凹陷平湖地区油气源及油气运移特征,基于对原油和烃源岩生物标志化合物、原油碳同位素、天然气组分、天然气碳同位素,原油物性、含氮化合物等参数的分析,明确了平湖地区的油气来源,揭示了原油和天然气的运移特征。结果表明：西湖凹陷平湖地区A断块花港组原油C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉甾烷以V型(C₂₇≈C₂₉>C₂₈)分布或者L型(C₂₇>C₂₉>C₂₈)分布为主;A断块烃源岩C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉甾烷以反L型(C₂₇>C₂₈29)分布为主,D块(H11井)平湖组中段烃源岩以L型分布为主,与原油的生标较为相似。油源对比结果和含氮化合物相关参数显示,平湖地区花港组原油具有垂向+短距离侧向运移的特征(断砂搭接);气源对比结果、天然气...     

准噶尔盆地滴南地区原油地球化学特征及油源

对准噶尔盆地东道海子凹陷滴南地区的滴南1、滴南7、滴南8等井原油与烃源岩地球化学特征分析,探论该区油源关系。通过对原油的族组成、碳同位素、饱和烃色谱、甾萜烷化合物及轻烃参数、烃源岩的生物标志化合物的研究,结果表明：东道海子凹陷二叠系平地泉组烃源岩处于低成熟－成熟阶段,三环萜烷含量高,Ts＜Tm,γ蜡烷含量低,甾烷中 C27、C28、C29呈反“L”形分布。滴南地区二叠系原油和储层抽提物地球化学参数及甾萜烷特征与平地泉组烃源岩相似,具有亲缘关系。侏罗系原油具有侏罗系烃源岩来源的特征。     

渤海海域莱州湾凹陷油源特征及原油成因类型

莱州湾凹陷已发现多个油田,其原油类型变化多样,油源特征及成因类型不清。基于373个烃源岩样品和67个原油样品生物标志化合物分析结果,结合莱州湾凹陷地质背景,对莱州湾凹陷烃源岩品质、油源特征及原油成因类型进行系统评价。结果表明:(1)莱州湾凹陷烃源岩皆以低等藻类生源为主,北洼主要发育沙三段和沙四段2套有效烃源岩,南洼仅发育沙四段一套有效烃源岩,东北发育洼沙三段和沙一段2套有效的烃源岩;(2)莱州湾凹陷已发现的原油可分为Ⅰ—IV类4种成因类型。Ⅰ类北洼型原油具有典型的高4-甲基甾烷特征,主要来源于北洼沙四段烃源岩,集中分布在北部陡坡带和中央构造带。Ⅱ类南洼型原油具有高硫、高伽马蜡烷、高C_(35)升藿烷特征,主要来源于南洼沙四段烃源岩。Ⅲ类东北洼型原油具有中等4-甲基甾烷、低伽马蜡烷特征,集中分布在东北洼边缘。IV类混合型原油,由北洼和南洼混合供烃,集中分布在南部缓坡带。     

陆相泥质烃源岩液态烃生成-排出-滞留模拟实验及其地质意义

块状、层状和纹层状泥质烃源岩是陆相湖盆烃源岩的代表,为了查明它们在生油窗内排出和滞留液态烃的数量和组成,利用高温高压装置进行生排烃模拟实验,发现它们在生油高峰期,块状烃源岩液态烃排出率可达77.8%,层状和纹层状烃源岩液态烃排出率约55%。3种烃源岩排出和滞留液态烃差别明显的有:块状烃源岩排出液态烃γ-蜡烷/C_(31)-藿烷比值小于滞留液态烃,而层状和纹层状烃源岩该比值是相反的。排出和滞留烃表现不一致的有(与岩性无关):轻质组分较重质组分更容易排出,排出液态烃Ts/Tm高于滞留液态烃,C_(29)ββ/(ββ+αα)比值也是如此;三环/五环(萜烷)、ΣC_(27)/ΣC_(29)(胆甾烷)两个比值在排出液态烃内高、在滞留液态烃内低。反映成熟度和沉积环境的OEP和Pr/Ph等参数在排出与滞留烃内基本一致,也与烃源岩岩性无关。该文对于定量分析烃源岩油气生成与排出过程特别是油源对比具有基础地质意义。     

潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩生物标志物特征及地球化学意义

通过对潍北凹陷孔店组烃源岩有机质丰度、类型、成熟度及生物标志物的研究,发现孔店组烃源岩重排甾烷含量低,C27,C28和C29规则甾烷含量较多,C29甾烷的20S/(S R)和C29ββ/(ββ αα)比值分别在0.12～0.38和0.3～0.45之间;在萜类化合物中,奥利烷含量低,γ蜡烷与C30藿烷比值在0.1～0.37之间.研究结果表明孔店组烃源岩生源以高等植物为主,混有一定比例的藻类等低等水生生物,沉积环境为含盐度低的弱还原-弱氧化湖沼相,烃源岩有机质处于低熟-成熟阶段.     

高邮凹陷古近系原油成因类型及其油气运聚模式研究

通过分析苏北盆地东台坳陷高邮凹陷古近系原油的物性及其甾萜类化合物的分布特征,结合凹陷的构造与沉积特征对原油的类型进行划分,并系统分析不同类型原油的来源、分布特征以及相应的油气聚集成藏模式。总体上把该凹陷的原油划分为A和B两类,其中A型原油主要来自阜二段烃源岩,主要分布在深凹带及其斜坡部位;B型原油主要发现在深凹带内及其附近的戴南组和三垛组,以深凹带的成熟阜四段烃源岩为主,仅有少量来自深部位的阜二段烃源岩。斜坡部位的油气主要分布在阜一段—阜三段,来自阜二段烃源岩,属于近源运移特征。深凹带内深部位阜二段烃源岩,可以作为下一步勘探的重点。     

塔河油田三叠系原油有机地球化学特征及成因

通过系统采样和精细的GC-MS分析,研究了塔河油田三叠系原油有机地球化学特征及成因.研究结果表明:原油(w(Pr))/(w(Ph))相对较低,(w(pr))/(w(nC_(17)))和(w(Ph))/(w(nC_(18)))相关图反映其形成于还原环境,含有相对丰富的γ-蜡烷和C_(30)藿烷,说明原油形成于海相咸水环境;原油中含有较丰富的C_(27)甾烷、三环萜、四环萜和较高的三环萜烷/藿烷,指示其母质来源为菌藻类;原油中高丰度的重排甾烷,较高的(w(Ts))/(w(Ts+Tm))和(w(C_(29)ββ))/(w(ββ+αα))说明原油具有较高的成熟度,为成熟原油;25-降藿烷的检出说明原油受到一定的生物降解,加之完整的正构烷烃分布以及研究区油气地质条件推断存在至少两次油气充注过程.     

开鲁盆地奈曼凹陷奈1区块原油地球化学特征及油源分析

对奈曼凹陷奈1区块源岩与原油的族组分、饱和烃GC-MS特征进行系统分析,研究奈曼凹陷奈1区块源岩与原油的地球化学特征,并且进行油源对比分析。结果表明:原油与九下段源岩的正构烷烃分布完整,峰形呈双峰态,主峰碳为nC23,次主峰碳为C17,具有明显的植烷优势,w(Pr)/w(Ph)分布在0.36～0.53;甾烷以规则甾烷为主,孕甾烷、升孕甾烷、重排甾烷含量偏低,规则甾烷呈"V"型分布,C29甾烷w(20S)/w(20S+20R)和w(ββ)/w(αα+ββ)分别为0.27～0.49和0.23～0.39;萜烷以C30藿烷系列为主,三环萜烷比较发育,重排甾烷含量低,伽马蜡烷含量高,在原油样品中检测出含量较高的β-胡萝卜烷,w(Ts)相似文献   

江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜三段盐间烃类特征及其指示意义

利用岩石热解与色谱-质谱分析方法对江汉盆地潜江凹陷潜三段页岩层系进行分子地球化学特征研究后发现,潜三段下部10韵律与11韵律层系在热解参数和分子地球化学方面具有明显差异。其中,10韵律层系岩石热解具有游离烃(S1)高、有机碳(TOC)含量高,而热解烃峰值温度(T_(max))低的特征,生物标志物参数表现出C_(29)甾烷异构化参数(S/(S+R)、ββ(αα+ββ))高,C_(35)升藿烷优势,反映成熟烃源岩的特征; 11韵律层系具有S1低、TOC含量低,而T_(max)高的特征,生标参数表现出C_(29)甾烷S/(S+R)低,呈未熟烃源岩的特征。综合考虑到地质因素的作用,认为潜三段10韵律存在侧向运移的烃类浸染,而其下部的11韵律则反映了源岩自身的地化特征。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.