贮鲜灵对几种植物病原菌的室内药效试验

不同浓度的贮鲜灵对几种植物病原菌的室内药效试验表明：贮鲜灵不仅是一种很好的柑桔青霉病菌Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｉｔａｌｉｕｍ、柑桔疮痂病菌Ｓｐｈａｃｅｌｏｍａ ｆａｗｃｅｔｔｉｉ、柑桔黑腐病菌Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａ ｃｉｔｉ、柑桔蒂腐病菌Ｂｏｔｒｙｏｄｉｐｌｏｄｉａ ｔｈｅｏｂｒｏｍａｅ、柑桔炭疽病菌Ｃｏｌｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍ ｇｌｏｅｏｓｐｏｒｉｏｉｄｅｓ、瓜笄霉Ｃｈｏａｎｅｐｈｏｒａ ｃｕｃｕ     

贮鲜灵对柑桔青霉病的防治效果

试验结果表明:贮鲜灵对柑桔青霉病的防治效果高达94.3%,霜霉灵,速克灵对青霉病的防效分别是28.1%和15.85;DT 杀菌剂,苯来特,甲基托布津,百菌灵,百菌清,杀毒矾,几乎没有防效;柑桔青霉病菌对苯并咪唑类的苯菌灵,硫脲基甲酸甲酯类的托布津已产生了抗药性,但对柑桔长效保鲜剂——贮鲜灵尚未产生抗药性,在柑桔保鲜贮藏中仍然可以继续使用。     

贮鲜灵对柑桔青霉病的防治效果

试验结果表明：贮鲜灵对柑桔青霉病的防治效果高达９４．３％,霜霉灵,速克灵对青霉病的防效分别是２８．１％和１５．８％;ＤＴ杀菌剂,苯来特,甲基托布津,百菌灵,百菌清,毒矾,几乎没有防效;柑桔青霉病菌对苯并咪唑类的苯菌灵,硫脲基甲酸甲酯类的托布津已产生了抗药性,但对柑桔长效保鲜剂－贮鲜灵尚未产生抗药性,在柑桔保２鲜贮藏中仍然可以继续使用。     

简讯二则

我校一发明专利被授权 经过几年的努力,我校张志元、罗永兰副教授研制出一种复配型柑桔长效保鲜剂——“贮鲜灵”。该成果先后获省农业科技进步三等奖、中国爱迪生杯发明金奖,目前又被国家知识产权局正式授予发明专利权。     

荆芥对4种葡萄病原真菌的抑制作用

为了有效利用荆芥资源,采用菌丝生长速率法研究了荆芥醇提物对4种葡萄果实病原真菌的抑制作用.结果表明,当醇提物质量浓度为5 mg/mL时,对白腐病菌(Coniothyrium diplodiella)、炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulate)、灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)和炭黑曲霉病菌(Aspergillus carbonarius)的抑制率分别为94.57%、70.23%、71.15%和26.06%,对多菌灵高抗炭疽病菌菌株FJND-9、FJND-40和GZSD-89的抑制率分别为64.10%、68.73%和72.94%,对多菌灵高抗灰霉病菌菌株HBLF-10、GXZY-4和GXZY-7的抑制率分别为57.47%、66.83%和64.90%.本研究为葡萄病害非化学农药防控提供了依据.     

20种中药提取物抑菌活性的筛选研究

以20种中药丙酮提取物为材料,测定了其对几种病菌的生物活性.结果表明,在供试质量浓度为0.05 g/mL时,肉桂提取物对所有供试菌菌丝生长抑制作用的抑制率均在95%以上,丹皮提取物对5种供试菌中的4种抑制率为100%,肉豆蔻、补骨脂、茜草、丹参和青蒿提取物对所有供试菌的抑制率均在60%以上.在供试质量浓度为0.1 g/mL时,小茴香、诃子和茜草提取物对棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制率均为100%,肉桂、丹皮和黄连提取物对棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制率均在90%以上,肉豆蔻、补骨脂和青蒿提取物对孢子萌发抑制率均在60%以上.肉桂和丹皮作为植物源杀菌剂值得进一步研究.     

新型2-甲基-3-呋喃甲酰胺类化合物的设计、合成及抑菌活性研究

为寻找高活性抑菌化合物,20种以杀菌剂甲呋酰胺为结构基础的新型2-甲基-3-呋喃甲酰胺类化合物经过设计并合成,它们的结构已通过氢核磁确定.接着,选取5种常见且具有代表性的植物病原真菌(水稻纹枯病菌、油菜菌核病菌、马铃薯晚疫病菌、番茄绵腐病菌、苹果轮纹病菌)作为供试菌种,采用生长速率法对所合成的目标化合物进行了抑菌活性初步筛选.结果表明:在浓度为20mg/L时,化合物1e,1f,2a,2b和2f对水稻纹枯病菌的校正抑菌率分别为88.6%、74.5%、78.5%、78.7%和73.1%,优于阳性对照甲呋酰胺(70.5%).进一步对5种化合物抑制水稻纹枯病菌有效中浓度(EC_(50))的测定,发现化合物1e的EC_(50)值为2.824mg/L,优于阳性对照杀菌剂甲呋酰胺(EC_(50)=7.691mg/L).表明化合物1e对水稻纹枯病菌抑菌活性最强,可作为先导化合物进一步结构优化.     

决明子提取物对植物病原菌的抑菌活性初探

用中药决明子的乙醇提取物及氯仿提取物对核盘菌(Sclerotinia)、镰刀菌(Fusarium)、柑桔绿霉(Penicillium)、棉花炭疽病菌(ColletotrichumgossypiiSouthw.)等10余种植物病原菌进行抑菌活性筛选研究。结果表明,中药决明子乙醇提取物与氯仿提取物对镰刀菌、弯孢菌、油菜菌核病菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和棉花炭疽病菌都有一定的抑菌作用,其中对油菜菌核病菌和棉花炭疽病菌的抑制效果较好,抑菌率达53%和62%。     

柑桔白癞病病原研究

1996～1998年对常德、沅江及本校农场的温洲蜜柑、建柑、酸橙、甜橙、金香柚的白癞病病果进行分离、接种和再分离,证实柑桔白癞病病原为:柑桔炭疽刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz.;柑桔蒂腐菌Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat.(原名Diplo-dia natalensis Pole- Evans);柑桔黑腐交链饱霉 Alternaria citri EII.et Pierce。3种病原真菌可以单独或混合侵染。     

新疆五种特色植物提取物抑菌活性初步研究

采用生长速率法测定了阿魏等5种新疆特色植物提取物对10 种常见植物病原菌的抑菌作用.结果表明：有5种植物均表现一定程度的抑菌活性,其中阿魏提取物活性最好,且抑菌谱较广;在0.01g/mL的浓度下,对小麦纹枯病菌、番茄早疫病菌、番茄灰霉病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、苹果干腐病菌、苹果霉心病菌等6种植物病原菌72h都有较好的抑制作用,抑制率都在90%以上;其中对番茄灰霉病菌抑菌效果最好,达100%.在0.05g/mL的浓度下,72h抑制效果都有所降低,但都在53.70%以上.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.