两相体系中固定化联苯双加氧酶全细胞产靛蓝特性研究

微生物全细胞转化靛蓝的过程中,靛蓝易被游离细胞吸附,造成产物提取困难,是微生物产靛蓝工业化进程中面临的主要问题之一.为解决该问题,尝试了不同固定化方法将基因工程菌固定,其中海藻酸钠包埋法取得了最好的效果,最佳包埋条件为3.5%海藻酸钠、1%氯化钙,固定化细胞在有机-水两相体系中可以重复利用两次,首次转化6h后,靛蓝浓度为15.9mg/L.另外,两相体系的引入有效避免了固定化细胞产靛蓝过程中伴随的产物分解现象,选择正十二烷作为有机相,优化得到其最佳比例为体积分数40%.体系对吲哚的最佳耐受浓度为400mg/L,在此条件下,靛蓝产率为0.28mg/mg.     

脱硫菌小球的制作及其表面改性研究

本实验采用海藻酸钠包埋法对实验室分离纯化的黄单胞杆菌进行固定化,开展了固定化载体和固定化条件的优化研究。首先,确定了海藻酸钠浓度4%,菌悬液的添加量为5ml/100ml海藻酸钠溶液,向海藻酸钠溶液中添加活性炭粉末0.2g/100ml海藻酸钠溶液,有利于提高脱硫率;其次,固定化过程中钙化液的浓度3%,钙化时间6h;第三,用己二胺溶液对菌小球进行表面处理,可增强菌小球的机械强度。     

固定化微生物去除地下水中氯苯研究

为探索固定化微生物技术去除地下水氯苯的最佳条件,采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)和海藻酸钠为包埋剂,培养了含氯苯的菌泥驯化培养的微生物,以制备固定化微生物小球,处理地下水中的氯苯.本研究从机械强度,传质性,氯苯降解率等方面综合考虑,利用正交实验确定了制备固定化微生物小球的最佳条件,并对固定化微生物和游离微生物降解氯苯的效果进行了比较.另外,还对固定化微生物降解地下水中氯苯的影响因素进行了探讨.实验结果表明,氯苯初始浓度大于20mg/L,固定化微生物降解氯苯效果好于游离微生物的.当小球粒径为1mm,菌液接种量为8%,氯苯初始浓度为80mg/L,pH值为7.0左右,盐度低于1.5%,控制培养温度为10℃,摇床转速为120r/min时,固定化微生物降解性能较好.     

固定化苍白杆菌PW降解芘的研究

以海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇为混合载体,采取包埋法固定化苍白杆菌PW,降解培养基中的芘。在实验中分析了固定化载体浓度对固定化小球机械强度和传质系数的影响;绘制出固定化PW菌和游离菌降解芘的动力学曲线,比较了二者的差异;分析了pH值和温度对PW菌降解芘的影响。研究结果表明：随着海藻酸钠浓度的提高,固定化小球的传质性能变好,机械强度提高;随着聚乙烯醇的浓度的提高,固定化小球的传质性能变差,机械强度提高;在同样的条件下,固定化PW菌降解芘的效果要优于游离菌;固定化PW菌降解芘的最适pH为6.5~7.5,最适温度为30℃左右。     

固定化微生物技术对养殖水体脱氮的研究

以聚乙烯醇（PVA）为载体,人工沸石为吸附剂,采用包埋法固定硝化细菌,通过实验发现制备固定化小球最优组合为：质量浓度海藻酸钠1.5%,硼酸溶液4%,PVA 6%,人工沸石2%,此时小球成球效果较好,有合适的机械强度及传质性能.用此工艺制备的固定化小球,在水力停留时间15h,初始pH 8.0,溶解氧浓度5.0 mg/L的...     

双载体固定化细胞发酵红曲色素的研究

采用玉米芯为吸附载体,海藻酸钠为包埋剂对红曲霉细胞进行吸附包埋固定化培养。对以不同浓度的硝酸钾、大米粉、不同初始pH值等条件变化对细胞红曲霉菌进行发酵培养。通过正交优化实验表明:硝酸钾浓度为0 2%,米粉浓度为5%,培养基初始pH5 5时,通气量为75mL/500mL时产色素色价最高。包埋载体海藻酸钠的浓度为5%,固化剂氯化钙浓度为4%时,红曲霉的固定化粒子的机械强度较好。     

影响硫酸盐还原菌固定化小球还原性能的研究

研究硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)固定化小球还原性能的影响因素.采用海藻酸钙包埋法来固定硫酸盐还原菌株,分析不同因素对固定化SRB小球还原硫酸盐效率的影响.实验结果表明,SRB固定化最佳时间是菌株增殖64h;最佳包埋条件为:海藻酸钠4%、菌液浓度30%、CaCl2 溶液浓度4%;小球在氯化钙溶液中的最佳凝胶化时间为4 h;小球的最佳颗粒粒径为1 mm;最佳环境因素是:温度35℃、pH 6.5～7.0、球液配比量1∶10.不同因素下固定化SRB小球对硫酸盐的还原效率最高可达98.76%.     

海藻酸钠固定化脂肪酶的制备及性质研究

本文采用海藻酸钠包埋法得到了固定化脂肪酶。通过条件优化得到了最佳固定化条件：海藻酸钠浓度1.5%,CaCl2浓度3%,固定化时间为1h。该固定化脂肪酶连续反应4批之后,酶活保持稳定,显示了较好的催化稳定性。     

包埋法固定化对邻苯二甲酸酯降解菌功能的影响

在水体的原位修复中,微生物的活性常受到温度、pH以及金属离子等的影响,因此强化及保持微生物的活性在实际工程应用中具有重要意义.以海藻酸钠为载体,对邻苯二甲酸酯降解菌M11进行固定化,并对比了固定化与非固定化邻苯二甲酸酯降解菌M11对邻苯二甲酸酯的降解能力.结果表明,同等条件下固定化M11对底物的降解性能明显优于游离态;以无机盐培养基作为其降解体系,反应温度控制在50℃,pH为8.0时,底物降解性能最优.固定化M11对底物邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的降解符合一阶动力学方程,且对底物浓度有一定的耐受范围;固定化M11的环境耐受性大大增强,反复利用性能良好.     

纳米Al2O3介导的固定化小球藻燃料电池产电性能分析

采用纳米Al2O3 海藻酸钠联合固定化制备小球藻胶球,并应用于微生物燃料电池阴极,以提供电子受体,考察电池的产电性能。研究结果表明:加入纳米Al2O3能提高海藻酸钠固定化小球藻胶球的比表面积,使固定化小球藻阴极MFCs输出电压由0113 V提高到0173 V,且电池的输出电压随着胶球粒径的减小和加入量的增加而提高,光照可降低MFCs内阻,提高产电性能。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.