莲子蛋白酶解的扩散-反应动力学

为了探索莲子蛋白质的酶水解动力学特性,于温度为55℃和pH为5.0的条件下,用木瓜蛋白酶酶解莲子蛋白研究酶解莲子蛋白的拟态条件下的米氏常数Km,构建考虑底物抑制和无抑制等影响因素下的扩散-反应动力学模型.研究结果表明:酶和底物在反应体系中的扩散影响酶解反应;当底物初始质量浓度高于13.63 g/L时,反应底物对酶解产生抑制作用;建立的数学模型能够合理地描述和解释莲子蛋白降解的动力学过程,为确定酶解反应的各种参数提供依据.     

GUS基因对红豆草部分酶解小细胞团的转化

采用电击法，将大肠杆菌的ＧＵＳ基因（β－葡糖苷酸酶基因为报告基因）导入红豆草部分酶解小细胞团，利用ＧＵＳ基因产物与底物Ｘ－Ｇｌｕｃ反应的组织化学定位试验，检测到ＧＵＳ基因在受体组织中的表达。同时，对部分酶解的程度、不同电压条件下的转化效率以及两种质粒的不同启动子对ＧＵＳ基因表达的强度等进行了讨论。     

β-葡聚糖酶对β-1,3-葡聚糖的最佳酶解条件

研究β-葡聚糖酶对β-1,3-葡聚糖酶解的最佳条件.采用DNS显色法分别测定底物质量浓度、酶质量浓度、酶解的温度、pH值对酶解产物还原性糖质量分数的影响；在单因素基础上做正交优化试验,再对酶解时间进行考察.结果表明,最佳酶解条件为糖质量浓度1.4 mg/mL,酶质量浓度14 mg/mL,温度55℃,反应pH值为5.5,...     

钢球振荡酶解汽爆麦草的研究

为了寻求一种提高纤维素酶解速度和转化率的新方法,采用静置、摇床振荡和钢球振荡三种不同的酶解方式进行汽爆麦草酶解和吸附实验。结果表明，钢球振荡方式不但增加了汽爆麦草对纤维素酶的吸附量，而且明显提高了酶解速度和底物转化率。采用钢球振荡进行汽爆麦草酶解的最佳酶活性浓度为3.6×10-7 mol/（s•mL），最佳转速为150 r/min，最佳酶解时间为24 h，还原糖得率为0.43。用环境扫描电镜观察三种不同方式酶解后的汽爆麦草的形态，经分析发现，钢球振荡还有助于减少产物对酶的抑制和提高底物对纤维酶的吸附和解吸频率。     

假交替单胞菌κ-卡拉胶酶的酶解工艺优化及产物分析

为探索假交替单胞菌κ-卡拉胶酶的酶解工艺,以κ-卡拉胶为底物,还原糖生成量为评价指标,对酶解工艺进行优化。采用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法和苯酚 硫酸法分别测定还原糖和总糖含量,计算酶解产物的平均聚合度,并利用质谱鉴定酶解产物。结果显示,假交替单胞菌κ-卡拉胶酶降解κ-卡拉胶的优化工艺条件为:加酶量为0.35 U（反应体系5 mL）,反应温度为40 ℃,反应pH=8.0,κ-卡拉胶底物质量浓度为9 g/L。在此条件下,酶解反应240 min后产生的还原糖质量浓度为1.531 g/L,酶解产物的平均聚合度为2。该κ-卡拉胶酶酶解反应的Km=2.07 g/L,Vmax=7.25 U/mg。质谱分析显示,假交替单胞菌κ-卡拉胶酶降解κ-卡拉胶的产物为κ-卡拉胶二糖和κ-卡拉胶四糖。     

褐藻胶裂解酶AlgL17酶解工艺优化及酶解产物分析

为探索重组褐藻胶裂解酶AlgL17酶解工艺的优化条件,采用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法(3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid,DNS)和苯酚-硫酸法分别测定反应生成的还原糖及总糖含量,计算平均聚合度,从反应温度、反应pH值、底物质量分数、加酶量及振荡速率5方面探讨各因素对酶解反应的影响,确定褐藻胶裂解酶酶解工艺的最优条件。结果表明,AlgL17酶解海藻酸钠的最优工艺条件:反应温度为35℃,pH=8. 0,初始底物质量分数为1. 1%,加酶量为1. 16 U,不振荡反应180 min。在此条件下,产生的还原糖质量浓度为7. 09 g/L,酶解产物的平均聚合度为2。液相色谱质谱联用(liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,LC-MS)分析海藻酸钠酶解终产物为单糖、二糖、三糖和四糖。     

纤维素酶酶解苹果渣的工艺条件

研究了纤维素酶酶解苹果废干渣转化为还原糖的适宜条件 ,实验讨论了不同的温度、酶解时间、酶解底物初始 p H值、底物质量分数、纤维素酶添加量及碱处理条件下对酶解效果的影响。实验结果表明 ,纤维素酶酶解苹果干渣的最适宜条件是在不经过碱处理 ,50℃ ,p H初始值为 5.0 ,纤维素酶用量为每克底物 2 0× 0 .0 1 667× 1 0 -6mol/s的情况下酶解 1 2 h,而底物质量分数在实验所选时间范围内对酶解效果无明显影响     

血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)抑制肽的酶法制备

以扇贝裙边的酶解产物——蛋白多肽对ACE活性的抑制率作为控制水解程度的指标,确定制备ACE活性抑制肽的最佳酶种及酶解工艺技术条件.通过胰蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、复合风味酶、枯草杆菌蛋白酶5种酶酶解扇贝裙边得到的蛋白多肽对ACE抑制能力的比较发现,5种酶在不同酶解时间所得到的酶解蛋白多肽都具有一定的ACE抑制能力,其中胃蛋白酶酶解蛋白多肽的ACE抑制率最高,为91.33%;再经L9(3)4正交实验对胃蛋白酶酶解工艺条件进行优化,确定酶解反应最佳条件是酶量400 U.g-底1物,pH 2.5,温度32℃,底物浓度(原料∶水)1∶2,酶解时间3 h;试验结果还表明,单酶(胃蛋白酶)的酶解蛋白多肽比复合酶(复合风味酶)和双酶(胃蛋白酶 木瓜蛋白酶)的酶解蛋白多肽对ACE活性的抑制能力都强.     

水蛭的酶解及其产物抗凝血活性评价

以水蛭为原料,研究不同酶解因素(酶种类、酶用量、酶解时间、pH值、酶解温度、底物浓度)对水蛭酶解产物抗凝血活性的影响规律,优化水蛭的酶解技术参数,并对酶解产物进行活性评价;研究结果表明,优化后的酶解技术条件为,适宜的水解酶为胰蛋白酶,酶用量7000 U/g,酶解时间7 h,酶解pH 8.3,酶解温度50℃,底物浓度14%(w/w)。在该条件下得到的酶解产物抗凝血酶活性最高,达到640 U/g。     

猪粪便不同酸糖化预处理及其酶解条件研究

探讨了几种酸对猪粪便糖化预处理和预处理后的猪粪便酶解条件的影响.结果表明:强酸预处理猪粪便优于中强酸和弱酸,而5%盐酸在110℃预处理猪粪便4 h可以使还原糖含量达到46.41%.盐酸预处理猪粪便后,影响其酶解的主要因素是酶用量和底物浓度,酶解试验的最佳条件为酶解温度45℃、酶用量300 mg/L、底物浓度15 g/L和pH 4.8.酶解还原糖含量达到11.26%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.