OMOM capsule endoscopy in diagnosis of small bowel disease

Objective： To assess the diagnostic efficiency of OMOM capsule endoscopy （CE） in a group of patients with different indications. Methods： Data from 89 consecutive patients （49 males, 40 females） with suspected small bowel disease who underwent OMOM CE （Jinshan Science and Technology Company, review. The patients＇ indications of the disease consisted of the Chongqing, China） examination were obtained by retrospective following： obscure gastrointestinal bleeding （OGIB）, abdominal pain or diarrhea, partial intestinal obstruction, suspected inflammatory bowel disease, tumor of unknown origin, hypoproteinemia, constipation, weight loss, and elevated tumor markers. Results： CE failed in one patient. Visualization of the entire small bowel was achieved in 75.0%. Capsules were naturally excreted by all patients. The detection rate of abnormalities was 70.5% for patients with suspected small bowel disease, and the diagnostic yield for patients with OGIB was higher than that for patients with abdominal pain or diarrhea （85.7% vs 53.3%, P〈0.005）. Angiodysplasia was the most common small bowel finding. Active bleeding sites were noted in the small intestine in 11 cases. Conclusion： OMOM CE is a useful diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of variably suspected small bowel disease, whose diagnostic efficiency is similar to that of the Pillcam SB （small bowel） CE （Given Imaging, Yoqneam, Israel）.     

Clinical investigation of surgery for intermittent exotropia

Objective： To investigate the time and postoperative binocular vision of strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia （X（T））. Methods： A retrospective investigation was conducted in 80 child patients with intermittent exotropia. Pre- and postoperative angles of deviation fixating at near （33 cm） and distant targets （6 m） were measured with the prolonged alternate cover testing. The binocular function was assessed with synoptophore. Twenty-one patients took the postoperative synoptophore exercise. Results： （1） A week after surgery, 96.2% of the 80 patients had binocular normotopia, while a year after surgery, 91.3% of the 80 patients had binocular normotopia; （2） Preoperatively, 58 patients had near stereoacuity, while postoperatively, 72 patients achieved near stereoacuity （P〈0.05）; （3） Preoperatively, 64 patients had Grade Ⅰ for the synoptophore evaluation and postoperatively, 76 patients achieved Grade Ⅰ. Meanwhile, 55 patients had Grade Ⅱ preoperatively and 72 achieved Grade Ⅱ postoperatively. For Grade Ⅲ, there were 49 patients preoperatively and 64 patients postoperatively （P〈0.05）; （4） Patients of 5-8 years old had a significantly better recovery rate of binocular vision than those of 9-18 years old （P〈0.05）; （5） Patients taking postoperative synoptophore exercise had a better binocular vision than those taking no exercise （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： （1） Strabismus surgery can help to preserve or restore the binocular vision for intermittent exotropia; （2） Receiving the surgery at young ages may develop better postoperative binocular vision; （3） The postoperative synoptophore exercise can help to restore the binocular vision.     

Total thyroidectomy is safer with identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve

Objective： To investigate the effect of recurrent laryngeal nerve （RLN） identification on the complications after total thyroidectomy and lobectomy. Methods： Total 134 consecutive patients undergoing total thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy from January 2003 to November 2004 were investigated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups： RLN identified （Group A） or not （Group B）. The two groups were compared for RLN injury and hypocalcaemia. Results： The numbers of patients and nerves at risk were 71 and 129 in Group A, and 63 and 121 in Group B, respectively, RLN injury in Group A （0） was significantly lower than that in Group B （5 [7.9%]） patients, 7 [5.8%] nerves） for the numbers of patients （P=0.016） and nerves at risk （P=0.006）. Temporary hypocalcaemia was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B （14 [24.1%] vs 6 [ 10.3%], P=0.049）, Permanent complications in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A （13 [20.6%] vs 4 [5.6%], P=0.009）. Conclusion： RLN injury was prevented and permanent complications were decreased by identifying the whole course and branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during total thyroidectomy,     

Advanced primary peritoneal carcinoma: clinicopathological and prognostic factor analyses

Objective： To investigate the factors favoring a positive prognosis for advanced primary peritoneal carcinoma （PPC）. Methods： Twenty-four cases meeting the criteria for PPC were analyzed retrospectively for the clinicopathologic profiles. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expressions of p53, Top2α, Ki-67 and Her-2/neu. Then all these clinicopathological factors and molecular markers were correlated with the prognosis. Results： There were 15 cases of primary peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma （PPSPC）, 6 cases of mixed epithelial carcinoma （MEC） and 3 cases of malignant mixed Mullerian tumor （MMMT）. All patients underwent cytoreductive surgery with optimal debulking achieved in 3 cases. Among those receiving first-line chemotherapy, 13 patients received the TP regimen （paclitaxel-cisplatin or carboplatin） and 7 patients received the PAC regimen （cisplatin-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide）. The median overall survival of all patients was 42 months, while the breakdown for survival time for patients with PPSPC, MMT and MEC was 44, 13 and 19 months, respectively. The expressions of p53, Top2α and Ki-67 were all demonstrated in 11 cases respectively. None showed the expression of Her-2/neu. There were significant differences in the median survival between patients with PPSPC and those with MMMT （44 months vs 13 months, P〈0.05）, also between patients receiving TP combination and those receiving the PAC regimen （75 months vs 28 months, P〈0.05）. Another significant difference in the median progression-free survival （PFS） was identified between patients with positive p53 immunostaining and those with negative p53 immunostaining （15 months vs 47 months, P〈0.05）, whereas age, menopausal status, residual tumor size and the other molecular factors did not significantly impact survival. Conclusion： Patients with PPC should be treated with a comprehensive management plan including appropriate cytoreductive surgery and responsive chemotherapy. Overestimating an o     

Effect of tramadol on immune responses and nociceptive thresholds in a rat model of incisional pain

Objective： To evaluate the effects oftramadol on the proinflammatory responses in a rat model of incisional pain by investigating its effects on nociceptive thresholds and serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-2 levels. Methods： Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats scheduled for plantar incision were randomly divided into 7 groups 01=6 in each group）. Rats in Group 1 receiving general anesthesia with no incision were served as control; At 30 min before skin incision, Groups 2-5 were given 5 ml normal saline or 1, 10, and 20 mg/kg tramadol, respectively, intraperitoneally （i.p.）; Group 6 received 10 mg/kg tramadol after operation; Group 7 received 10 mg/kg tramadol before incision, followed by 200 μg/kg naloxone after operation. Mechanical allodynia was measured by electronic yon Frey filament to evaluate the nociceptive thresholds 1 h before incision, and 1 h and 2 h after operation. Serum IL-6 and IL-2 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） 2 h after operation. Results： Mechanical thresholds decreased significantly and serum IL-6 level increased significantly after operation in Group 2 compared with control （P〈0.01）, and these changes were reversed respectively by tramadol in a dose-dependent manner （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01, respectively）. IL-2 level remained unchanged after operation in Group 2, but decreased in Group 3 （P〈0.05）, then gradually returned to the normal level in Groups 4 and 5. The intraperitoneally injected tramadol （10 and 20 mg/kg） produced a potent and dose-dependent antinocicptive effect on the lesioned paw. The antinocicptive effects of tramadol were partially an- tagonized by naloxone （200 μg/kg）, suggesting an additional non-opioid mechanism. Conclusion： The results suggest that tramadol could be a good choice for the treatment of pain under the conditions that immunosuppression may be particularly contraindicated.     

HbA1 c、血小板活化标志物在糖尿病及其并发症诊断和监测中的作用

目的检测糖尿病及其并发症患者糖化血红蛋白及血小板活化标志物CD62P,PAC-1,TXB2的含量,探讨这些指标与糖尿病及其并发症的关系,阐明糖化血红蛋白及血小板活化标志物在糖尿病并发症的诊断及监测中的作用.方法选择糖尿病患者50例(单纯糖尿病20例,糖尿病并发症30例),正常对照50例,分别检测糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),CD62P,PAC-1及TXB2等生化指标,并进行统计学分析.结果单纯糖尿病组、糖尿病并发症组及正常对照组HbA1c的浓度分别是(6.81±1.12)%,(7.77±1.31)%及(3.0±0.39)%,单纯糖尿病组及糖尿病并发症组的HbA1c浓度明显高于正常对照组;单纯糖尿病组及糖尿病并发症组的CD62P,PAC-1及TXB2水平也明显高于正常对照组,且糖尿病并发症组的上述血小板活化标志物指标高于单纯糖尿病组.结论HbA1c、血小板活化标志物对糖尿病及其并发症的诊断具有重要的作用,监测血小板活化标志物的变化可预测糖尿病并发症的发生、发展,对于早期防治糖尿病并发症具有重要意义.     

FK506和环孢霉素A在兔角膜缘移植术后抑制免疫排斥反应的疗效比较

目的研究FK506和环孢霉素A对同种异体兔角膜缘移植术后免疫排斥反应的抑制效应。方法将30只有角膜缘干细胞缺陷症的新西兰白兔随机分成3组：FK506治疗组、环孢霉素A治疗组和对照组,同种异体角膜缘移植术后分别给予0．5％FK506滴眼液、1％环孢霉素A滴眼液和生理盐水点眼,用药5周。术后持续观察11周,以角膜缘植片水肿、混浊程度、排斥反应发生时间和角膜新生血管作为眼表评估指标。结果观察期内,FK506组在抑制新生血管指数方面低于环孢霉素A组（P〈0．05）,而两组在上皮排斥反应发生时间、移植排斥指数方面无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论同种异体角膜缘移植术后早期应用0．5％FK506和1％的环孢霉素A滴眼液均可有效抑制免疫排斥反应,在抑制角膜新生血管发生方面,FK506的作用强于环孢霉素A。     

支链氨基酸增强小鼠的游泳能力对其血氨和5-羟色胺变化的研究

目的探讨支链氨基酸（Branched-chain amino acids,BCAAs）对训练小鼠抗疲劳运动能力的影响。方法50只小鼠随机分为实验组（B1、B2、B3、B4）和对照组（C）。实验组分别灌胃补充BCAAs0.45、1.25、3.75和10g/kg.d,对照组灌胃生理盐水。各组小鼠5周递增负荷游泳训练后进行力竭游泳并取材。观察BCAAs对小鼠脑组织5-羟色胺（5-HT）、血氨（PA）和力竭游泳时间的影响。结果实验组小鼠血氨含量升高,脑组织匀浆中5-HT含量下降,但力竭运动游泳时间均显著延长。结果血氨浓度随剂量的增加而增大,C与B1组相比血氨水平无显著性差异,但明显低于B2、B3、B4组（P〈0.01）;C组小鼠5-羟色胺浓度显著高于实验组（P〈0.01）,实验组间随着补充剂量的增大5-羟色胺浓度减小;实验组小鼠力竭游泳能力明显强于对照组（P〈0.01）。实验组间,B2、B3组小鼠力竭时间明显长于B1组（分别为P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,B4组力竭时间与B1、B2、B3组相比则下降。结论BCAAs能够对抗运动性疲劳的发生发展,增强运动能力,但具有量效关系。     

白内障超声乳化手术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼33例临床疗效分析

目的探讨白内障超声乳化手术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效.方法对33例（35只眼）确诊为原发性急性闭角型青光眼的患者行白内障超声乳化手术治疗,分别评估术前、术后1周及1个月患者的最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度及前房角宽度.结果术后所有病例视力较术前均有不同程度的改善;前房深度较术前明显加深;眼压明显低于术前眼压（均...     

Fabrication and adhesion of hierarchical micro-seta

Spark-erosion perforating technology was used to fabricate a Cu-based template characterized by pores with radius of 0.5 mm inclined at 75°. A commercial silicone elastomer of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) with a rich Si-H content was used to produce an inclined array of primary setae. The technique of argon ion plasma etching on crystalline silicon was used to fabricate negative templates with radii of 5, 10, and 20 μm. The Si-H rich PDMS was used to cast three types of fine array templates, which acted as the secondary setae. A vinyl-rich PDMS precursor was used to bind the primary and secondary setae by a hydrosilylation reaction, thus allowing the formation of three different hierarchical arrangements of setae. Adhesion tests demonstrated that shear adhesion was anisotropic, first increasing in strength then decreasing to a stable level as slippage occurred. The adhesion strength was significantly influenced by the nature of the secondary setae, showing a strong correlation with aspect-ratio and concentration.     

重症急性胰腺炎的非手术治疗

对22例重症急性胰腺炎患者进行前瞻性研究.均为22例重症急性胰腺炎,年龄20～70岁,非手术组和手术组各11例,结果显示非手术组11例均痊愈,而手术组4例死亡.提示坏死性胰腺炎能非手术治愈,而且治疗效果明显优于手术治疗.     

软件定义网络多控制器部署优化方法

目前软件定义网络（software defined network,SDN）多控制器管理的研究重点和难点在于多控制器部署,合适的控制器数目和合理的部署位置能够实现低延迟和高可靠性的折中。在网络拓扑图上将部署位置问题简化并形式化,定义了可靠性和延迟指标,设计了多控制器部署位置求解算法（multi-controller placement location algorithm,MCP）。MCP通过遗传算法将网络划分为多个子网,并在每个子网中放置一个控制器,以最大化网络可靠性和最小化路径延迟为目标,通过模拟退火算法确定控制器在每个子网中的位置,经对比实验验证了MCP生成的部署位置方案在可靠性和延迟上的性能优势。以可靠性和延迟为评估指标,基于MCP测试了各种网络规模的最合适控制器数目,并分析得出最合适控制器数目与网络规模之间的统计规律。     

Biological correlates of psychological states among young children: a cross-sectional examination of roles of aspartate transaminase/alanine aminotransferase,insulin, and cytokines

Compared to data on adolescents and adults, limited research has been conducted on biological corre- lates among young children with possible psychological difficulties, especially in Asian countries. By focusing on various peripheral biochemical indicators, we investigated potential biological correlates of psychological states in a community sample of Taiwanese school children aged 6-10 years. In total, 307 students （159 obese children and 148 normal-weight children） were selected from first- and fourth-grade school children in eight elementary schools in the Taipei metropolitan area in 2009. These children underwent a comprehensive health examination, including a physical examination, blood sample analysis, and questionnaire administration in a hospital. Differences in anthropometric and serum biochemical readings were compared between children with average and worse levels on each of the five psychological domains. We found that interleukin （IL）-1β [β = 1.29, 95 % confidence interval （CI） 0.50-2.09], IL-10 （β = 1.61, 95 % CI 〈0.01-3.24）, fasting blood glucose （β = 0.08, 95 % CI 0.01-0.15）, homocysteine （β = 0.63, 95 % CI 0.09-1.18）, and aspar- tate transaminase （AST） （β = 0.15, 95 % CI 〈0.01-0.31） were significantly positively associated with anxiety. In addition, IL-113, insulin, AST, and alanine aminotransam- inase （ALT） were significantly positively associated with depression. Anger and disruptive behaviors were also related to specific biological correlates. Specific biological correlates, including AST/ALT, cardiovascular disease- related variables, and specific cytokines, were linked to particular psychological states among young children in this Asian population. These might provide a route for better understanding the biological aspects of children＇s mental health and might contribute to research on diag- nostic or predictive biomarkers for psychiatric diseases in young children.     

Osseointegration of hollow porous titanium prostheses loaded with cancellous bone matrix in rabbits

This study aimed to observe the osseointegration of hollow porous titanium prostheses (HPTP) loaded with cancellous bone matrix (CBM) in rabbits using histological and biomechanical perspectives.Experimental samples were implanted into the lateral femoral condyles of 66 New Zealand rabbits,allocated into the following groups:non-porous prosthesis group (Group A,n=22);HPTP group (Group B,n=22);HPTP+CBM group (Group C,n=22).The rabbits were sacrificed at 3,8 and 12 weeks,postoperatively.X-ray analyses,microscopy techniques and morphological measurement software and mechanical tests were used for evaluation.At each time point,the tissues surrounding the implants were similar in all of the groups,with bony in-growth into the 2-mm round holes observed for the defects in Groups B and C.However,the internal bone formation was significantly better in Group C than in Group B at different time points (P<0.01).Biomechanically,the pull-out forces were significantly greater in Groups B and C than in Group A (P<0.01),with no difference between Groups B and C (P>0.05).These results suggest that bone can grow into the cavities of HPTP to achieve more stable locking fixation,and those osteogenic materials,such as CBM,can enhance osteogenesis to achieve better osseointegration between the implant and the host bone.     

HoLEP治疗老年重度前列腺增生的效果及其安全性分析

目的观察经尿道前列腺钬激光剜除术(Holmium laser enucleation of prostate,HoLEP)治疗老年重度前列腺增生的效果及其安全性.方法选取110例60岁以上重度前列腺增生(前列腺80 g)患者,随机分为观察组(行HoLEP治疗)和对照组(行经尿道前列腺汽化电切术即TURP治疗),每组各55例.观察组患者用HoLEP法治疗,对照组患者用TURP法治疗,然后比较两组患者的症状改善以及手术安全性情况.结果两组患者术前的最大尿流率(Qmax)、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、生活质量评分(QOL)、剩余尿量(RU)均无明显差异,术后均较治疗前明显改善,但组间比较无明显差异.结论采用HoLEP术治疗老年重度前列腺增生的效果与TURP相当,手术安全性高,患者更加耐受.     

生物填充疗法治疗西藏大骨节病患者血清细胞因子水平和疗效观察

目的：分析西藏大骨节病患者用生物填充剂透明质酸钠膝关节注射治疗前后血清中细胞因子水平的变化与治疗效果。方法：选择西藏拉萨地区尼木县、墨竹工卡县、林周县等大骨节病区患者和病区健康对照组成人共252例为调查对象,依据大骨节病诊断标准,将其分为大骨节病组（KBD组,156例）和健康对照组（96例）,患者平均年龄和性别无差别。KBD组中106例膝关节注射透明质酸钠,50例口服Vc。采用ELISA法测定血清中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、透明质酸（HA）水平,硝酸还原酶法测定一氧化氮含量。结果：注射治疗后一周症状明显缓解,且疗效显著优于口服Vc。大骨节病组血清白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）一氧化氮含量等显著高于对照组人群,但透明质酸含量低于对照组。治疗后三个月血清细胞因子水平有下降趋势,但无统计学显著性。结论：膝关节注射生物填充剂透明质酸钠治疗西藏大骨节病,可缓解临床症状,改善关节功能,其作用可能是通过润滑关节,降低血清滑液中炎性细胞因子如TNF-1α、IL-1β等水平的作用来实现。     

艾灸联合盆底肌肉训练治疗前列腺剜除术后压力性尿失禁的效果评价

目的 观察艾灸联合盆底肌肉训练治疗前列腺剜除术后压力性尿失禁的临床疗效.方法 选取2017年7月至2020年6月井冈山大学附属医院80例前列腺剜除术后压力性尿失禁的患者,采用随机数字表法分为实验组40例和对照组40例,对照组采用盆底肌肉训练,实验组在对照组的基础上使用艾灸穴位治疗.比较两组患者术后尿失禁ICI-Q-SF...     

复肝灵抗鸭体内乙型肝炎病毒的实验研究

目的：观察复肝灵抗鸭乙型肝炎病毒（DHBV）的作用,为复肝灵的临床应用提供实验依据。方法：采用一日龄北京鸭30只,静脉注射雏鸭乙型肝炎病毒阳性血清建立鸭乙型肝炎病毒模型,然后随机分为复肝灵组、病毒对照组和拉米夫定组。复肝灵组分为0．5、1．0、2．0g／kg三个剂量组。给鸭口服复肝灵,1天2次,给药10天。然后分别在给药前、给药后5天、10天及停药3天后取血,测定鸭血清中DHBV—DNA水平并计算每组鸭用药后不同时间（T5、T10）和停药第3天（P3）血清DHBV-DNA的抑制率（％）,观察鸭血清鸭乙型肝炎病毒DNA（DHBV—DNA）的影响。病毒对照组以生理盐水代替药物;拉米夫定组给予口服拉米夫定。结果：复肝灵2．0g／kg组,给药后第5天,第10天鸭血清DHBV—DNA显著下降（P〈0．01）,停药后3天鸭血清DHBV—DNA下降明显（P〈0．05）,鸭血清DHBV—DNA水平抑制率则有显著升高;1．0g／kg组,给药后第10天和停药后3天鸭血清DHBV—DNA明显下降,鸭血清DHBV—DNA水平抑制率则有显著升高,与对照组差异显著（P〈0．01）,与拉米夫定组则无明显区别：0．5g／kg组则无明显变化。结论：大剂量组、中等剂量的复肝灵组在鸭体内有抗鸭乙型肝炎病毒作用。     

海洋胶原肽改善老年记忆作用试验研究

为探讨海洋胶原肽(MCP)对老年学习记忆的改善作用及其机制,选用20月龄雌性C57BU6J小鼠,随机分为老年对照组和3个MCP干预组,分别喂饲添加0、0.22%、0.44%和1.32%MCP的特殊加工饲料.另设3月龄青年对照组,喂饲普通小鼠生长饲料,干预6个月后应用跳台试验和Morris水迷宫试验进行行为学检测:nissl染色观察海马形态学;同时检测各组动物肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量及海马组织中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的表达情况.结果表明,MCP干预后老龄小鼠的空间学习记忆能力和被动回避能力明显提高;0.44%MCP干预组小鼠肝脏SOD活性显著高于老龄对照组,而MDA含量显著降低;0.44%和1.32%MCP干预组小鼠海马区BDNF的表达高于老年对照组.各组动物海马神经元数量无明显改变.因此,海洋胶原肽具有预防年龄造成的学习记忆能力下降的功能.其作用机制可能是抗氧化活性和促进BDNF的表达.     

综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

观察综合疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。将腰椎间盘突出症620例随机分为臭氧治疗组400例和硬膜外治疗组220例。臭氧治疗组以臭氧髓核消融术为主辅以手法和中药外敷,硬膜外治疗组以硬膜外注药为主辅以手法和中药外敷,比较两组疗效。一年后随访,臭氧组优290例、良50例、好转40例、无效20例,硬膜外组优32例、良45例、好转66例、无效77例,两组总有效率比较,差异显著（P<0.05）。臭氧组疗效明显优于硬膜外组,具有良好的应用前景。