添加剂和杂质对四方相 CeO_2—ZrO_2基陶瓷显微结构及性能的影响

研究了添加剂和杂质对CeO_2-ZrO_2基四方二氧化锆的制备条件、显微结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明:少量Al_2O_3添加剂可降低烧结温度,改善烧结性,并能提高四方ZrO_2的力学性能;工艺过程中混入的SiO_2杂质主要聚集在ZrO_2晶粒之间,使材料呈现一种殊特的显微结构,还对该材料的低弯曲强度和高断裂韧性的成因进行了讨论.     

Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的制备及光催化性能研究

为了验证可见光下Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4光催化剂分别降解水体中的苯酚和盐酸四环素(TTCH)的光催化效果.本研究采用热解和超声混合方法制备Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4光催化剂,并用多种仪器进行性能表征.Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4在可见光下对20 mg/L苯酚和TTCH的降解率分别为80.83%和85.01%;Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的光催化性能明显提高,其降解苯酚的速率是g-C_3N_4的3.80倍,降解TTCH的速率g-C_3N_4的6.57倍.结果表明,Yb_2O_3/g-C_3N_4具有更加高效的可见光响应能力,且具备更好的光催化性能.     

部分稳定氧化锆结构陶瓷的应用研究通过鉴定

我院承担江苏省科委下达的“部分稳定氧化锆结构陶瓷的应用研究”课题,经过课题组努力,所研制的CeO_2-ZrO_2-Al_2O_3、Y_2O_3-ZrO_2-Al_2O_3-TiC基复合陶瓷粉体及材料制备技术,具有较高的实用价值,粉体性能指标达到目前国际先进水平.经生产试用,研制成功的陶瓷拉丝模使用寿命是硬质合金模的2.94倍,陶瓷热挤压模使用寿命比热作模具钢3Cr_2W8V模具提高三倍,处于国内领先水平。     

纤维增强Al2O3 SiO2气凝胶隔热复合材料的 制备和耐温隔热性能

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、仲丁醇铝(ASB)为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶及超临界干燥工艺,分别制备硅酸铝纤维(ASF)、Al_2O_3纤维(AF)和莫来石纤维(MF)增强Al_2O_3-SiO_2气凝胶(ASC)隔热复合材料,并对材料的微观结构、耐温性、高温热导率和力学性能进行研究。结果表明:纳米多孔Al_2O_3-SiO_2气凝胶均匀填充到纤维间的孔隙中,并紧密包裹在纤维的表面,显著减少了纤维间的搭接,Al_2O_3-SiO_2气凝胶隔热复合材料中的纤维增强相发挥了增强、增韧功能。纤维种类对材料耐温性、高温热导率有较大的影响,对力学性能影响较小,AF/ASC和MF/ASC复合材料耐温性能较高,经1 200℃、30 min热处理后,材料厚度方向平均线收缩率分别为-2.5%和2.7%;MF/ASC复合材料的热导率较低,当热面温度为1 100℃时热导率达到0.065 W/(m·K);3种纤维增强Al_2O_3-SiO_2气凝胶隔热复合材料的力学性能相当,材料3%应变的压缩应力分别为0.22、0.21和0.19 MPa。     

Eu~(3+)和Yb~(3+)掺杂的近红外发光材料的制备及荧光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列近红外发光材料Y_(1.98-x)Yb_xEu_(0.02)O_3(其中x=0,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.10),并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、荧光光谱(PL)等测试方法、技术对样品的物相结构和发光特性进行了表征及测试.结果表明:Eu~(3+)和Yb~(3+)掺杂的荧光粉中,Eu~(3+)和Yb~(3+)部分取代了Y~(3+),并占据其晶格位置,而对Y_2O_3的立方相晶体结构未产生显著影响;在466 nm波长(Eu~(3+)的特征激发峰)激发下,在可见光区及近红外光区可观察到较强的发射光谱,其中,Y_(1.94)Yb_(0.04)~(3+)Eu_(0.02)~(3+)O_3在近红外光区发光效率最高.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出Eu~(3+)和Yb~(3+)掺杂的新型荧光材料,可将硅太阳能电池吸收较弱的高能光子转换成吸收较好的近红外光子,可有效解决太阳光谱与硅太阳能电池光电响应之间存在的光谱失配问题.     

Y_2O_3对Pt/WO_3-ZrO_2催化剂催化四氢糠醇加氢制备1,5-戊二醇的影响

用浸渍-焙烧法制备不同质量分数Y_2O_3的Pt/Y_2O_3-WO_3-ZrO_2催化剂。通过X线衍射(XRD)、N2物理吸附-脱附、CO脉冲吸附、NH_3程序升温脱附(NH_3-TPD)和H_2程序升温还原(H_2-TPR)等方法表征催化剂的理化性能。用连续流动固定床反应器评价催化剂催化四氢糠醇选择加氢制备1,5-戊二醇的催化性能。结果表明:掺杂Y_2O_3可改变催化剂的晶相结构、酸量、比表面积、还原性能和分散度,从而影响催化剂催化四氢糠醇加氢制备1,5-戊二醇的反应性能。Y_2O_3质量分数为1. 0%的Pt/Y_2O_3-WO_3-ZrO_2催化剂活性达到88. 0%,1,5-戊二醇的收率为68. 0%。     

SiO_2-Bi_2O_3-BaF_2-AlPO_4玻璃掺杂Ho~(3+)/Tm~(3+)/Yb~(3+)的发光性能

以铋硅酸盐玻璃(SiO_2-Bi2O_3-BaF_2-AlPO_4)为基质,通过掺杂Ho~(3+)、Tm~(3+)、Yb~(3+)稀土离子,制备激光波长为2μm的光纤激光器。对玻璃的声子能量、物理和光学性能进行了研究,确定基质配方为50SiO_2-40Bi_2O_3-5BaF_2-5AlPO_4(SBBA,其中化学式前的系数为对应物质的摩尔分数,下同)。在玻璃基质中分别掺杂0.5Ho_2O_3-2.0Yb_2O_3(HY)、0.5Ho_2O_3-0.5Tm_2O_3-2.0Yb_2O_3(0.5HTY)及0.75Ho_2O_3-0.75Tm_2O_3-3.0Yb_2O_3(0.75HTY),研究了980nm激发波长下样品的吸收、发射光谱和Judd-Oflet理论光谱参数。研究发现SBBA-0.75HTY中Ho~(3+)的吸收截面、发射截面(σem)、FWHM(半峰宽)×σem数值最大,分别为7.38×10~(-21)、10.54×10~(-21) cm~2和19.71×10~(-26) cm~3。掺入Tm_2O_3改善了玻璃激光器性能,且当Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)/Ho~(3+)物质的量之比一定时,增加稀土离子含量,可加强红外发光及增益效果。     

生物模板法制备Mn_2O_3及其用于锂/钠离子电池负极材料研究

为提高动力电池的能量密度,以树叶模板法制备了具有多孔分级结构的Mn_2O_3材料.通过X射线电子衍射技术和扫描电子显微技术分别对材料的晶体结构和表面形貌进行了研究,结果表明制备的G-Mn_2O_3材料具有丰富的孔结构和较小的一次粒径.将制备材料作为锂离子电池和钠离子电池负极材料应用,并对材料的电化学性能进行了研究,与粉末Mn_2O_3材料相比,模板法制备的Mn_2O_3材料在锂离子电池中具有优异的电化学性能.     

二氧化锆增韧三氧化二铝陶瓷的显微结构与性能的研究

本文对ZrO_2增韧Al_2O_3陶瓷的7种成分(ZrO_2含量分别为0、5、10、15、20、3045wt%,其中Y_2O_3为3mol%)进行了对比性研究。试验表明:在所研究的Al_2O_3-ZrO_2(Y_2O_3)系陶瓷中,在Al_2O_3中加入ZrO_2(Y_2O_3)可以有效地提高其强韧性,并在15-20wt%ZrO_2时出现峰值;几种增韧机理中显微裂纹增韧起主导作用;在Al_2O_3-ZrO_2系中,ZrO_2的加入可以明显阻止Al_2O_3基体相的晶粒长大;在Al_2O_3基体中,ZrO_2粒子的分散有两种形态,其形成机理也不同。     

中空碳纳米棒负载Fe_3O_4的制备及催化性能研究

以商用Fe_2O_3纳米棒为前驱体,利用溶胶凝胶法一步完成了二氧化硅和间苯二酚-甲醛树脂壳层的包覆,在5%氢气气氛下,同时实现了三氧化二铁的还原和树脂的碳化,最终以NaOH溶液刻蚀掉二氧化硅,成功制备了中空碳纳米棒负载Fe_3O_4材料(Fe_3O_4@h-C)。结果表明,所制备的Fe_3O_4@h-C结构完整,Fe_3O_4的负载量较高,为62.6%,其比饱和磁化强度高达58.5 emu/g,易于回收再利用。该材料在H_2O_2氧化亚甲基蓝的实验中表现出良好的催化活性和重复使用性。通过对比实验可以证明,中空结构对催化性能的提升起到了重要作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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