零和自由序列F(5)的刻画

设G是有限阿贝尔群,S是元素在G中的平方自由,零和自由序列。f(S)表示G中满足如下条件的元素的个数:可以表示成S的一个非空子序列和的元素的个数。已知当|S|=5时,有f(S)≥13。刻画了当f(S)=13时S的所有情形。     

二正则图的和数

设S是自然数集N*的一个有限集.定义在S上的和图G~+(S)是图(S,E),满足uv∈E当且仅当u+v∈S.称一个图G为和图,如果存在一个S,使得G≌G~+(S).对于一个图G,称使得G∪r K_1是和图的最少的孤立点的个数r为G的和数.和图的概念首先是由Harary提出来的,并且他指出除了C_4的和数为3外,所有的圈C_n的和数都是2.本文研究了全部二正则图的和标号问题,证明除了C_4外所有的二正则图的和数都是2.     

关于一类立方图的可圈性研究

设G为无向图，如果对G的每一个定向D，都存在S（D）包含V（G）使在D中改变所有恰与S（D）中一个顶点相关联的弧的方向后所得的图为有向哈密尔顿图，则称G为可圈图．Klostermeyer和Soltes证明了P4k^3（k≥1）是不可圈图，现证明对任意整数n≥3，Pn^3是可圈图当且仅当n为奇数．     

n阶幂零群的子群个数与其循环性的关系

我们可以证明,n阶循环群G的子群的个数是T(n)。本文在G是幂零群的假定下,证明其逆也成立,从而得到:n阶幂零群G是循环群(?)G的子群的个数是T(n)。我们先从讨论p-群开始。这里,要用到我们在[3]中建立的n阶群G的阶方程。     

一类有限交换环上的广义单位Cayley图的若干性质

设R是一个含有非零单位元的有限交换环,U(R)是R的单位群,G是U(R)的一个乘法子群,S是G的一个非空子集并且S-1={s-1|s∈S}S。单位Cayley图Cay(R,U(R))的顶点集是R,两个顶点x和y相邻当且仅当x-y∈U(R);而广义单位Cayley图Γ(R,G,S)的顶点集为R,两个顶点x与y相邻当且仅当存在s∈S,使得x+sy∈G。容易看出,当G=U(R)时,Γ(R,G,{-1})即为单位Cayley图。本文主要利用有限交换环的结构以及群与图的理论,研究了有限交换环上的广义单位Cayley图的一些性质,讨论了Γ(R,G,{s})的正则性,以及Γ(R,U(R),{s})中任意两点的公共邻接点个数和边着色数。     

一类有限交换环上的广义单位Cayley图的若干性质

设R是一个含有非零单位元的有限交换环,U(R)是R的单位群,G是U(R)的一个乘法子群,S是G的一个非空子集并且S-1={s-1|s∈S}S。单位Cayley图Cay(R,U(R))的顶点集是R,两个顶点x和y相邻当且仅当x-y∈U(R);而广义单位Cayley图Γ(R,G,S)的顶点集为R,两个顶点x与y相邻当且仅当存在s∈S,使得x+sy∈G。容易看出,当G=U(R)时,Γ(R,G,{-1})即为单位Cayley图。本文主要利用有限交换环的结构以及群与图的理论,研究了有限交换环上的广义单位Cayley图的一些性质,讨论了Γ(R,G,{s})的正则性,以及Γ(R,U(R),{s})中任意两点的公共邻接点个数和边着色数。     

交错单群A_6的一个新刻画

设G是有限群,Te(G)为G中同阶元的个数的集合.证明了:群G同构于A6当且仅当Te(G)={1,45,80,90,144}.     

行数为2的变换图的若干性质

著名的图论专家Brualdi于1980年提出了关于变换图 G ( R，S ) 直径的Brualdi猜想，但至 今仍悬而未决。本文定义行数为 2 的变换图 G ( R，S ) 为 G ( R * ，S * ) ，其顶点数为 ( ) n r ，边数为 r ( ) n - r 2 ( ) n r ，当 r ≤ n 2 时， G ( R * ，S * ) 是二部图，当且仅当 n = 2 ； G ( R * ，S * ) 是完全图，当且仅当 r = 1 。 根据变换图的性质，结合 G ( R * ，S * ) 的最大团结构，对变换图 G ( 1，4 ) 、 G ( 2，4 ) 、 G ( 2，5 ) 和 G ( 2，6 ) 进行 了作图。     

关于群的阶与群的共轭类数的商

讨论有限群的阶与群的共轭类数之比的问题 .得到 :定理　设G为非Abel有限群 ,p为G的最小素因子 ,c1为G中非中心元素共轭类长度的最小者 ,μ(G)为群G的阶与群的共轭类个数之商 ,则 : μ(G)≥ c1p2p2 c1- 1; 若Z(G)的阶为奇数 ,则 μ(G) =2当且仅当G/Z(G) S3 .     

关于连通图端片的一些结果

设G=(V，E)为简单连通图，A包括V．G[A]称为G的断片，如果存在极小割S，使得G[A]是G—S的分支．G[A]称为G的端片，如果G[A]为G的断片，且对A的任何真子集B，G[B]不是G的断片．给出G的端片的一些性质，得到端片个数∑≤|V|的结论，并给出等号成立的一些必要条件及充分条件．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to