峰值电流升压型PWM变换器内部补偿网络设计

分析了峰值电流升压型PWM变换器环路中极零点补偿对稳定性的影响.根据补偿原则,采用电容等效乘法电路,设计了一种应用于峰值电流升压型PWM变换器的内部补偿网络.利用模拟乘法电路的等效倍增功能,实现了补偿电容的最小化,使内部补偿成为可能.仿真结果表明:该补偿网络使变换器具有高稳定性,补偿后,输出电压的波纹很小,输出纹波电压仅在±8 mV范围内抖动,满足电压稳定输出的性能要求.     

间接直流变换电路中斜坡补偿电路的设计

对变换器的不同工作模式进行了分析和比较,指出了其采用电流控制的优点及存在的问题,具体设计并实现了斜坡补偿电路.     

峰值电流模式升压型DC-DC变换器中斜坡补偿信号产生电路设计

在分析引起电流控制模式升压型DC-DC变换器产生亚谐波振荡的因素的基础上,阐述了斜坡补偿原理,采用UMC 0.6μm BiCMOS工艺设计了相应斜坡补偿电路,HSPICE仿真结果表明所设计的斜坡补偿电路所产生的补偿信号满足斜坡补偿的要求,可用作电流控制模式升压型DC-DC变换器的斜坡补偿信号.     

新型AC-DC变换器及其PWM调制技术

本文提出了一种无中间滤波电容的新型单相AC-DC变换器,并介绍了一种能减小输出电流脉动率和输出电压谐波的PWM调制技术,即等面积伏秒积分PWM调制技术.与桥式整流电路的比较结果表明,采用等面积伏秒积分PWM调制技术能使变换器的输出电压波形和输出电流波形得到明显改善,其中输出电压的第2、4次谐波分量可分别降低97％和49％;在同样的负载条件下,输出电流脉动率可降低40％左右.文章最后给出了实验结果.     

峰值电流控制的有源纹波补偿Buck型LED驱动电源

为解决大功率LED照明中因电解电容导致的驱动电源与LED的长寿命不匹配这一问题,提出了采用有源纹波补偿电路取代传统驱动电源中电解电容的方案.首先,选用带斜坡补偿的、峰值电流控制的Buck型电路作为主电路,建立了峰值电流控制模式下电流环的传递函数;然后,通过幅频特性和相频特性分析,得到了不同程度斜坡补偿下的电流环稳定情况.最后,设计了峰值电流模式控制的有源纹波补偿Buck型LED驱动电源的原型电路.仿真和实验结果证实了此电路的正确性和可靠性.     

基于基波纹波比的大功率本安Buck变换器的设计

针对具有电感、电容(LC)滤波的本安Buck变换器输出纹波电压难以精确计算的问题,提出一种可快速、准确计算其输出纹波电压大小的方法。通过构建该变换器在电感电流连续模式下的等效电路模型,分析其频率特性,得出了该变换器的输出稳态响应。进一步的纹波理论计算及仿真分析表明可用基波电压纹波比近似全纹波比来求解该变换器输出纹波电压的结论。同时,为了给设计者提供理论指导,得出了满足输出纹波电压指标要求的电感、电容参数设计方法。与典型Buck变换器参数对比,发现在同样的电气性能指标要求下,采用LC滤波的Buck变换器仅需很小的电感、电容。表明该变换器更容易满足本安性能要求。最后,通过实验样机验证了输出纹波电压计算方法的准确性及元件参数设计思路的可行性。     

基于DSP实现的单相高效整流器

PWM整流器具有单位功率因数,谐波含量低,能量可逆传送等特点。介绍了单相全桥的高效整流器的电路拓扑结构和工作原理,针对单相电路直流侧二次纹波电压的特征,系统采用纹波电压补偿的方法;对于网侧电流的控制则采用了响应速度较高的定频滞环电流控制策略。给出了以TMS320F2407为控制芯片的系统硬件和软件实现过程,给出的实现思路对工程实际有一定的指导意义。     

峰值电流控制模式BOOST DC-DC变换器的斜坡发生器的设计

该文简要分析了峰值电流控制模式中斜坡补偿的基本原理和设计问题，对基本的充放电振荡器电路进行了改进和优化设计，设计了适用于恒频峰值电流模式BOOST DC-DC变换器斜坡补偿电路中的CMOS定时斜升波发生器电路．     

一簇新型零电流零电压PWM变换器

提出一簇基于零电压零电流脉宽调制(pulse width-modulation,PWM)开关单元的新型零电压零电流(zero-current and zero-volt-age switching,ZC-ZVS)PWM变换器.新型零电压零电流PWM变换器的主开关工作在零电流开关状态,辅助开关工作在零电压开关状态,无源器件二极管工作在零电流状态.新型变换器工作频率恒定,减少了换流损耗.与硬开关变换器相比,新型零电压零电流变换器主开关的电流电压应力都没有增加.分析新型零电压零电流BOOST变换器的工作原理.仿真结果验证这簇新型零电压零电流变换器的可行性.     

Boost变换器的输出纹波电压分析与最小电感设计

为了便于Boost变换器的小型化、集成化设计以及满足本质安全的要求，根据电感电流最小值的差别，将其分为完全电感供能模式（CISM）、不完全电感供能且连续导电模式（IISM-CCM）和不完全电感供能且不连续导电模式（IISM-DCM）．对3种模式的输出纹波电压进行了分析，得出了最大输出纹波电压．指出在给定的工作范围内，最小负载电阻和最低输入电压所对应的CISM和IISM的临界电感，即为使得最大输出纹波电压最低的最小电感，且最大输出纹波电压的极小值与电感无关．实验结果表明：当最小电感接近理论值278pH时，最大输出纹波电压取得极小值；当电感大于该值时，输出纹波电压保持不变；当电感小于该值时，输出纹波电压随电感的减小而增加．实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.