浅谈城市近郊区域景观的保护和利用

城市近郊区域景观带是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,是介于城市中心与周边乡村的第三大景观生态空间。城郊景观带处在特定的区域位置,因此决定了其在建设和规划等方面有别于城市中心景观生态空间,同时又具有投资少、见效快、管理粗放、生态效应好等特点。作者认为城市生态建设要在充分利用和保护地表物种资源的前提下,合理规划、总体布局,进一步扩展城市外围景观生态空间,营造浓郁的景观氛围,探索一条科学、有效、健康发展的生态建设之路。     

城市景观生态建设初探——以开封市为例

城市景观生态建设是城市生态规划的基本内容。以河南省开封市为例，运用景观生态学原理，分析了开封市景观生态现状和生态建设内涵，对开封市景观生态建设提出了一些措施与对策。     

六安市城市景观生态建设探讨

对城市景观的含义和特征进行了分析和描述,比较了一些学者对城市景观生态建设提出的看法和建议,并针对六安市城市景观的特征,从城市绿地斑块景观建设和城市廊道景观建设等方面,提出了六安市城市景观生态建设的原则和措施。     

春江花月夜——城市滨水景观的自然化过程

城市滨水区域是整个城市基质环境中十分重要的组成部分,它是生物活动频繁,对于保护生物多样性具有相当意义的地区。在城市滨水区域原有的基质环境的基础上经人工规划、建设形成的城市滨水景观更是城市景观中自然因素最为密集,自然过程最为丰富的组成部分。本文从生态学的角度探讨了城市滨水区域在规划设计和建设改造的过程中师法造化,营建具有自然生态环境特点的滨水景观生态系统的必要性和可行性。     

区域生态化模式与崇明岛生态建设

在全球生态文明发展潮流下,区域生态建设已成为上海城市建设的重要内容．区域生态化发展的基本模式就是在现代生态学理论指导下,协调城市生态系统的生态产业、生态人居与生态景观子系统之间、以及系统内部要素间的关系,获取最高的社会、经济与生态效益．从目前上海城市发展格局与发展需求来看,崇明岛应该成为上海城市生态系统的景观子系统．而根据崇明岛生态现状分析,台风侵袭、植被覆盖率低以及水环境条件差、水资源调蓄能力低是目前崇明岛面临的主要问题,生态建设是崇明岛发展建设的首要任务．从区域生态建设整体考虑,提出了生态覆绿、生态治水与供水的建设对策与设想．     

城市生物多样性保护的景观生态学原理和方法

景观生态学以景观为研究对象，强调景观结构和功能对生态过程的影响，重视景观中生物群落与主要环境条件之间错综复杂的因果反馈关系．因此，在城市生物多样性保护中，导入景观生态学的理念和方法，必将为城市生物多样性的保护提供新的思路和视角．城市生物多样性保护的景观生态学原理主要包括斑块一廊道一基质模式、景观多样性和景观异质性、景观连接度及景观连通性以及景观生态规划格局原理等．城市生物多样性的保护要从城市园林斑块的建设、席道的规划设计、城市绿色生态网络的构建以及大型的城郊森林斑块和环城森林带建设入手．     

基于景观生态学思考的城市生态建设思路

城市化发展过程中产生的很多生态环境问题与城市生态系统的结构和格局有关.应用景观生态学的理念可以从更宏观的角度来研究城市资源、环境和发展问题,为解决城市生态建设中面临的问题提供新的思路和技术途径.本文以福州市为例,试图通过对城市生态存在问题的分析,提出城市化对城市生态系统的影响和基于景观生态学思考的城市生态建设的思路.     

校园生态建设比较研究——以剑桥大学和浙江农林大学为例

以在校园生态建设比较突出的英国剑桥大学和浙江农林大学为例,通过中英高校校园生态建设对比,对校园的生态环境、文化营造、园林植物景观建设、可持续发展等方面进行比较,强调生态校园应该同时注重景观、管理、教育三方面,吸收英国高校在校园生态建设中的优点,为我国高校校园生态建设提供借鉴.     

长春市主要公园绿地景观格局分析

本文选取了绿地景观构成、景观多样性指数、优势度指数、相对均匀度指数、景观破碎度指数、景观分维数和景观连接度指数等景观生态学指标对长春城市建成区内的主要公园绿地进行景观格局分析。为城市景观规划、生态建设和管理提供了科学依据。     

长春市主要公园绿地景观格局分析

本文选取了绿地景观构成、景观多样性指数、优势度指数、相对均匀度指数、景观破碎度指数、景观分维数和景观连接度指数等景观生态学指标对长春城市建成区内的主要公园绿地进行景观格局分析.为城市景观规划、生态建设和管理提供了科学依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to