求解丢番图方程1/x~2+1/y~2=1/z~2+1/w~2

利用高斯二平方和定理求解一个特殊的丢番图方程1/x~2+1/y~2=1/z~2+1/w~2,将其转化为a~2+b~2=c~2+d~2.经讨论得知,a~2+b~2≡c~2+d~2≡1,2(mod 4),当(k_1-k_3)(k_1+k_3-1)≡(k_4+k_2)(k_4-k_2)时,a~2+b~2≡c~2+d~2≡1(mod4);当(k_1-k_3)(k_1+k_3-1)≡(k_4-k_2)(k_4+k_2-1)≡0.2(mod 4)时,a~2+b~2≡c~2+d~2≡2(mod 4).     

Euler方程φ(xy)=k_1φ(x)+k_2φ(y)(k_1≠k_2)的正整数解

讨论了一个形如φ(xy)=k_1φ(x)+k_2φ(y)(k_1≠k_2)的具体方程φ(xy)=5φ(x)+7φ(y)的可解性,给出了其一切整数解.并根据这一方程的解的情况,给出了(x,y)=(k_1+k_2,k_1+k_2)是方程φ(xy)=k_1φ(x)+k_2φ(y)(k_1≠k_2)的1组整数解的结论,这里的k_1,k_2都是正整数.     

Vertex disjoint cycles in intersection graphs of bases of matroids

The intersection graph of bases of a matroid M=(E, B) is a graph G=G~I(M) with vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G) such that V(G)=B(M) and E(G)={BB′:|B∩B′|≠0, B, B′∈B(M), where the same notation is used for the vertices of G and the bases of M. Suppose that|V(G~I(M))| =n and k_1+k_2+…+k_p=n, where k_i is an integer, i=1, 2,…, p. In this paper, we prove that there is a partition of V(G~I(M)) into p parts V_1 , V_2,…, V_p such that |V_i| =k_i and the subgraph H_i induced by V_i contains a k_i-cycle when k_i ≥3, H_i is isomorphic to K_2 when k_i =2 and H_i is a single point when k_i =1.     

半素环的交换性

讨论元素满足两个以上多项式关系之一的半素环的交换性,证明了:定理1 R为半素环,(?)x,y∈R,若x,y满足如下3个关系式之一,则R为交换环:(i)(xy)~m-(xy)~(m_1)(yx)~(m_2)∈Z(R);(ii)(xy)~5-(yx)~1∈Z(R);(iii)(xy)~(k_1)(yx)~(k_2)-(yx)~(k_2)(xy)~(k_1)∈Z(R).其中m,m_i,k_i,s及t与x,y有关且m_1+m_2,t,k_1+k_2为有界自然数.定理2 R为半素环,若R满足下述四个条件之一,则R可换:(1)(?)x,y∈R,x~(2m)y~(2n)-x~my~(2n)x~m∈Z(R)或x~sy~t-y~tx~s∈Z(R);(2)(?)x,y∈R,x~(2m)y~(2n)-y~nx~(2m)y~n∈Z(R)或x~sy~t-y~tx~s∈Z(R);(3)(?)x,y∈R,(yx)~n-yx~ny~(n-1)∈Z(R)或(xy)~n-x~ny~n∈Z(R);(4)(?)x,y∈R,(yx)~n-x~(n-1)y~nx∈Z(R)或(xy)~n-x~ny~n∈Z(R).其中m,n,s,t为自然数,而(1)及(2)中的m,n,s,t与x,y相关,(3)及(4)中n(>1)只与x(或y)有关.     

关于方程x~(n/(n 1)) y~(n/(n 1)) z~(n/(n 1))=a~(n/(n 1))的图形特征

本文给出形如方程n/x~(n 1) n/y~(n 1) n/z~(n 1)=n/a~(n 1)(a>0)的图形的一个共同特征,并得到一个逆定理和一些应用.     

任意矩阵特征值的秩1修正扰动界

设A是一个n阶的任意复矩阵且E是A的Hermite秩1扰动,即E=xx',其中x是n维的复列向量,x'是x的共轭转置向量.则A+E为矩阵A的Hermite秩1修正矩阵.基于矩阵分析理论中Hermite矩阵特征值分布的性质,研究得到了矩阵A特征值的任意Hermite秩1修正扰动的上下界限,即给出了矩阵A+E特征值的上下界限:λ_i(H(A))+l_i(x)+δ_i≤R(λ_i(A+xx'))≤λ_i(H(A))+u_i(x)+δ'_i(i=1,n),λ_i(H(A))+l_i(x)+δ_i≤R(λ_i(A+xx'))≤min{λ_i(H(A))+u_i(x),λ_(i-1)(H(A))}+δ'_i(2≤i≤n-1),且λ_(min)(-SH(A)τ)≤S(λ_i(A+xx'))≤λ_(max)(-SH(A)τ)(1≤i≤n),其中δ_i=sgn(‖SH(A)‖_2)[λ_(min)(H(A))-λ_(i-1)(H(A))-u_i(x)],δ'_i=sgn(‖SH(A)‖_2)[λ_(max)(H(A))-λ_i(H(A))-l_i(x)+‖x‖_2~2],gap_i=λ_(i-1)(A)-λ_i(A),i=2,…,n,H(A)和SH(A)分别代表矩阵A的Hermite部分和反Hermite部分,τ=(-1)~(1/2),sgn(·)代表符号函数.当A为Hermite矩阵时,上述结果退化为已有的结果λ_i(A)-‖x‖_2~2≤R(λ_i(A+xx'))≤λ_i(A)+‖x‖_2~2.     

关于递推关系aai-1,j-1＋βai-1,j=ai,j

研究了满足ααi-1,j-1+βαi-1,j=αi,j的序列{αi,j}.用发生函数法得到了n+1阶矩阵A=(αi,j)(n+1)×(n +1)的精确表达式.用数学归纳法证明(1-βx-αxy)-n中一般项xiyj(i≥j)的系数为αjβi-j(i+n-1/n-1)(i j).导出了一些有关二项式系数(n k)的新的组合恒等式.     

关于递推关系ααi-1,j-1+βαi-1,j=αi,j

研究了满足ααi-1,j-1+βαi-1,j=αi,j的序列{αi,j}.用发生函数法得到了n+1阶矩阵A=(αi,j)(n+1)×(n +1)的精确表达式.用数学归纳法证明(1-βx-αxy)-n中一般项xiyj(i≥j)的系数为αjβi-j(i+n-1/n-1)(i j).导出了一些有关二项式系数(n k)的新的组合恒等式.     

方程y+Tx=x有解的一个充要条件

本文研究了映射T_1+T_2的不动点存在性,其中Ti:(?)是k_i集压缩(i=1,2),k_1+k_2≤1.由此引出方程y+Tx=x的可解性和I—T的满值性结果。还得到方程y+Tx=x有解的一(?)充要条件.     

三次样条函数拟合在光度分析中的作用

1三次样条插值的基本原理本文采用以下的三次样条函数的插值公式:q_i(x)=ty_i+■y_(i-1)+△x_i[(k_(i=1)-d)t■~2-(k_i-d_i)t~2■],i=1,2,3,…,m(1)式中,△x_i=x_i-x_(i-1),t=(x-x_(i-1)j)/△x_i,■=1-t,△y_i=y_i-y_(i-1),△y_i/△x_i=d_i.x_i,y_i为已知的实验数据.三次样条函数是由(1)式所示的m个三次多项式组合而成的分段表示的函数.它适合于处理多个数据点且多弯曲的曲线问题,由(1)式可知,每一q_i(x)方程只有两个待定常教K_(i-1)和K_i.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.