2BYJ-12棉花育苗精密播种机的设计

育苗播种是设施农业生产的主要环节之一,为提高温室大棚棉花裸根育苗播种的效率,设计了一种基于棉花基质苗床的精密播种机。该机采用4kW的微耕机牵引作业,工作时微型开沟器开出种沟,排种器在镇压整形轮的带动下转动,当排种器转动到设定位置时,开启活门碰撞块打开存种室,将种子排出。镇压整形轮在畦面上滚动,将畦面整平、给种行盖土、对种行进行镇压。播种试验表明:当微耕机行走速度0.6m/s时,单粒籽率≥92%,双粒籽率≤5%,空穴率≤3%,播种效果良好,满足基质苗床精密播种的技术要求。     

基于CCD摄像系统机械式精量排种器的动态特性分析

为建立精量排种器性能分析系统,本文运用高速摄像技术,通过对拍摄的动态图像的详细分析,提取运动种子的下落姿态和轨迹,确定了造成排种器漏播的部分因素以及合理的试验因素,得出其最优组合。实验结果表明：CCD摄像检测精度满足排种器使用的要求,因此,基于CCD摄像系统进行精量排种器性能研究是可行的,本研究具有实际的参考价值。     

振动式精密排种器排种速度仿真与分析

根据水稻工厂化育秧精密播种的需要,提出了一种振动式精密排种器的设计研究,它具有播种精度高、播种性能稳定等特点,但是其结构较复杂,尤其是气动振动系统,影响其排种性能的因素比较多,依靠传统经验设计和试验分析等方法均存在不足.为快速、准确地获得设计参数,本文在三维实体建模基础上,应用Adams软件建立了排种器仿真模型,同时对排种速度进行运动学仿真和分析.仿真结果表明,在不同输入气体压强下,单粒种子在振动盘上的排种速度仿真结果与试验测试结果基本一致,证实所建立的排种器仿真模型是实用的,研究成果将为排种器的虚拟样机及参数优化设计奠定了基础.     

双级振动式精密排种器虚拟样机设计与试验分析

针对双级振动式精密排种器的设计结构复杂、影响排种性能因素较多且研制时间较长的问题,为得到双级振动式精密排种器的最佳参数值,运用虚拟样机技术建立三维模型。依据设计参数研制实体样机并进行排种均匀性试验,将播种合格率作为目标值,找出样机主要工作参数对排种效果的影响规律。结果表明,对播种合格率影响最大的是输入气体压强,其次是排种盘面倾角,最后是振动方向角。最佳参数组合是输入压强为0.22MPa,排种盘面倾角为7°,振动方向角为35°。该结果为后续气动振盘工作参数的选择提供了依据。     

小槽轮排种器半精量播种小麦的试验研究

利用排种试验台架对小槽轮排种器进行半精量播种的正交试验．以亩播量、条播均匀变异系数、断条率、种子破碎率作为试验指标，对试验数据进行整理分析，得到了该排种器结构参数的优化组合．结果表明；小槽轮排种器可以用于小麦的半精量播种．     

2QXP-1型气吸式排种器的初步试验

对2QXP-1型气吸式精密排种器构造、工作原理和工作性能影响参数进行了分析,应用正交试验的方法研究排种盘转速和真空室气压变化对排种性能的影响。试验表明：对排种性能影响的主次因素顺序为排种盘转速、真空室气压。     

磁吸式精密播种装置

我校农业机械方面的一项成果“磁吸式精密播种装置”日前被授予实用新型专利．其为一种利用磁吸原理设计的穴盘育苗用精密播种装置，该装置适用于蔬菜、花卉及苗木等小颗粒种子的精密播种．该精密播种装置主要由播种机构、磁吸式取种器、种箱、输送台架、输送带、电机、限位开关等组成，其技术特征在于：播种机构为一并联平形四边形机构，由电机驱动，播种机构两摆杆在一定角度范围内作来回摆动，在两平行连杆之间连接一水平横杆，水平横杆上按照穴盘孔距大小安装一排或多排磁吸式取种器，每个取种器主要由磁吸头、电磁线圈和反磁性套管组成；在摆杆左侧设有摆杆限位开关，控制播种机构两摆杆的摆动范围；在穴盘侧边设有穴盘限位开关，控制穴盘的步进距离和带轮驱动电机的启停；每个磁吸式取种器的电磁线圈串连连接，以使每个磁吸头上磁吸力大小一样；种箱的两端装有种箱支撑滑杆，种箱支撑滑杆上套有压簧，使种箱高度随种箱内的种子的减少而自动抬高．磁吸式精密播种装置的优点在于：采用并联平行四边形机构作为播种机构，结构简单、制造成本低；采用磁吸式精密播种方式，方法简便，调节电磁线圈通电电流的大小，便可改变磁吸力和大小，从而实现各类种子的精密播种，而对种子外形和体积没有具体要求，且单粒精播率高，播种速度快；整个装置结构紧凑、操作方便、播种速度快、适用范围广；利用该装置既可实现点播，也可实现条播．     

2QXP-1型气吸式排种器关键参数优化问题

对2QXP-1型气吸式精密排种器工作性能影响参数进行了理论分析,应用二次正交旋转组合试验的方法研究排种盘转速和真空室气压变化对排种性能的影响,给出了排种盘转速、真空室真空度与性能指标之间的数学模型。     

基于Pro/E的重力压板式棉花精量穴播器的优化设计

采用重力压板式棉花精量穴播器的结构和原理,运用Pro/E虚拟设计方法 对该穴播器核心工作部件重力压板式取种器进行了三维数字化建模与动力学仿真,依据仿真分析结果,进一步优化了取种器重力压板的结构参数,较好地满足了该穴播器高速精量排种的技术要求.物理样机的台架试验表明工作速度＜1.2m/s时,穴播器单粒率＞93%,达到棉花精量穴播的技术要求;当工作速度＞1.4m/s时,穴播器多粒率增幅较大,排种性能明显下降.试验结果与运用Pro/E的优化设计结论 基本一致.     

棉花精量穴播器晃动频幅与充种性能的关系

低空穴率、低双粒率、低种子损伤等是棉花精量播种中的关键指标,而棉种的起拱、相互占位则是造成空穴、双粒以及种子损伤的主要原因之一。为探讨棉花精量排种器的设计、优化的理论依据和方法,本文以一种型孔式棉花精量穴播器为研究对象,基于虚拟样机技术对棉种在该穴播器沿进给方向上的不同晃动频率和幅度下的运动过程进行了仿真分析,得出了棉花精量穴播器晃动频幅对充种性能的影响趋势,结果表明高频小幅晃动可以提高穴播器充种性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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