一种迭代频偏估计算法

提出一种适于低信噪比条件下工作的数据辅助型(data-aided)频偏估计算法。计算接收信号自相关函数的辐角,基于最大似然策略合成频偏估计,并通过迭代消除估计模糊。仿真结果表明：迭代算法具有较大的频偏估计范围(估计范围达±40%符号速率),与M&M算法相比,迭代算法信噪比门限有接近3dB性能改善,其估计性能更接近FFT最大似然算法和克拉美-劳下界(CRLB),并且计算量有所降低;基于迭代算法的简化版本与迭代线性预测(ILP)算法相比信噪比门限更低,并且降低了计算复杂度。     

高精度正弦信号频率估计算法研究

该文分析了复正弦信号频率估计的插值模型及其各插值算法.指出低信噪比条件下Rife算法的波动性破坏了MRife算法的稳定,导致部分频点估计精度下降.同时指出在低信噪比条件下Quinn算法的波动性,对此提出了一种修正法以提高其稳定性.最后提出一种改进的迭代算法,并分析了其有效性;该法采用修正后的Quinn算法作为迭代初值,进行一次迭代,对部分频点进行二次迭代.MonteCarlo仿真表明该法在FFT信噪比门限以上全频点估计的均方误差十分逼近克拉美罗下限,具有较强的抗噪性,且性能稳定.     

基于立方Farrow结构的插值细搜频偏估计算法

在高动态通信环境中,由相对运动引起的多普勒频移会在接收机下变频所得的基带信号中引入残留频偏,致使基带信号的相位发生偏离。对频偏进行精确估计是提升高动态环境通信质量的重要途径。传统方法通常通过对快速傅里叶变换（Fast Fourier Transform,FFT）后所得频谱进行一维搜索来估计载波频偏值,只能估计整数倍频点。为了进一步提高频偏估计的精度,本文提出了一种基于立方Farrow结构的插值细搜（Interpolation Detail Search, IDS）算法。仿真结果表明,此算法仅在16倍插值条件下就得到了逼近克拉美罗界（Cramer-Rao Bounds,CRB）的频偏估计性能,信噪比精度损失仅为1.2 dB,具有良好的估计性能。     

基于IEEE802.16OFDM系统时间同步算法

目的提出一种基于IEEE802.16标准的OFDM系统时间同步算法。方法帧检测算法,接收数据进行分组后搜索相关最大值,当满足特定条件时判断新帧出现;时间精同步算法,循环移位后的长训练序列作为新序列,与移位后接收信号序列相关获得精确的符号起始位置。结果该算法克服了前后符号相关算法精度低,与本地序列相关算法受频偏影响大的缺点。结论在低信噪比和大载波频率偏差的情况下,其算法仍可实现高精度的符号时间同步。     

自适应最优相关间隔选择的多普勒频偏估计算法

在信道自相关特性的多普勒频偏估计算法的基础上,分析了存在的估计性能不受信噪比和频偏变化 影响的最优相关间隔。利用该特性提出一种逐次缩小搜索范围的迭代（CIO,correlation唱interval optimized）算法,实 现对其搜索和最大多普勒频偏的估计。通过仿真证明理论分析的正确及算法的有效性。与传统基于相关估计算 法相比,该算法自适应于信噪比和频偏变化,估计性能基本上独立于信噪比和频偏的变化,实现多普勒频偏的 直接性能估计。     

采用导频符号的短波宽带OFDM系统的同步算法

为了研究宽带短波信道上OFDM系统的同步算法,针对短波信道分析了已有同步算法在低信噪比条件下的不足,提出了一种采用PN序列调制导频符号的同步方案.在接收端,接收数据经过FFT后,利用PN序列优异的相关特性,实现了低信噪比条件下的时间和频率同步.仿真结果表明,该算法在恶劣的短波信道上具有良好的性能.     

基于IEEE802.11ad的OFDM线性拟合频偏估计

提出了一种基于IEEE802.11ad的正交频分复用(OFDM)频偏估计算法,该算法将接收到的训练序列与本地保存的训练序列共轭相乘,对其相位角进行线性拟合,得到的斜率经过简单计算即得归一化频偏.通过数据消噪和分组对算法进一步改进,使得低信噪比下的估计性能得到改善.Matlab仿真表明:在高斯(加性高斯白噪声)信道和60GHz多径信道下,改进的线性拟合方法性能稳定,频偏估计精度比传统的时频域估计高1个数量级,当信噪比为0dB时,频偏估计的均方差达到10-4数量级,从而满足了OFDM系统的技术要求.     

Costas序列短波MFSK通信时频联合同步方法

针对低信噪比与强多径传播导致短波MFSK信号捕获困难、同步精度低的问题，提出一种基于Costas序列的短波MFSK信号时频联合同步方法。利用Costas序列二维图案优异的自相关特性进行信号检测与同步，将传统的滑动窗口法由时域扩展到时频域，同步获得时间和频率的估计值;为了降低计算量，给出了频偏与时延的精估计方法。仿真结果表明，与传统伪随机码(PN码)同步方法相比，提出的方法具有更好的抗噪声和抗频偏性能。在信号带宽为50 Hz、同步序列长度为1.28 s的ITU-R中纬度短波信道上，该同步方法能够达到98%的捕获率，虚警概率低于10^-2;时间同步误差低于12 ms;频率估计误差低于1 Hz。     

短波宽带OFDM系统的一种同步方法

提出了一种适用于短波宽带OFDM系统的联合同步方法.该方法根据Schmidl和Minn的符号定时原理,传输并处理文中构造的PN序列,并且利用该PN序列的相关性来进行同步判决.此PN序列经反傅里叶变换运算以后产生了OFDM符号,可利用该OFDM符号的特点,通过逐点滑动的自相关运算来判得时间同步的最大值,而后通过OFDM符号每部分之间的相位关系来完成整数频偏与小数频偏的估计.这一过程可同时完成定时偏移估计和频率偏移估计.计算机仿真了三种信道模型,结果表明在三种不同信道下,这种方法都可在较低信噪比条件下很好地完成时间同步和载波频率同步.     

一种基于迭代的频偏估计算法

针对无线数字通信中的载波频率同步问题,提出一种载波频偏估计算法。利用离散傅里叶变换(DFT)内插技术,通过迭代算法,在较大频偏范围内估计出载波频偏。并且在估计精度上相对于DFT法有了很大的提高。这种算法不需要增加DFT数据长度,适合突发工作方式。最后进行了Monte Carlo仿真实验。仿真结果表明新算法不仅具有宽的估计范围,还具有高的估计精度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.