复合波相对相位频率谱异常区分法

研究了复合波激电精密相干检测法.该方法采用复合波电流场源,对复合波信号进行精密相干检测,使待测信号频率与参考信号频率完全相同,它们之间的相位差严格固定;同时通过精确的多次叠加,提高信噪比,准确检测出复合波信号中各主频率的振幅和相位,并计算出各主频率之间的相对相位差,获取激电复合波相对相位频率谱信号;根据谱的低频段相对相位变化特征和高频段相对相位变化特征的差异,判别地下异常极化体的性质,达到区分激电异常性质的目的.此外,给出了多种地质体的激电复合波相对相位频率谱异常特征.应用结果表明:利用这些特征可实时、快速、直观地区分激电异常性质;该方法的观测系统轻便,观测精度高,抗干扰能力强,适用于快速普查和详查矿体,以及在生产矿山以高分辨率勘探深部矿体.     

基于Dias模型的天然场激发极化法有效参数

为了从天然场源较强的电磁效应中提取有效的激电异常参数,找到能与目标介质物性和电化学过程相关的物理量进行异常评价,通过提出相位峰值偏移距和相对视频散率参数作为一对充要条件用以评价激电异常,同时选用表征频率域激电精度较高且参数丰富的Dias模型进行一维层状模型正演计算,通过分析复电阻率的相位特征验证相位峰值偏移距的有效性和...     

差频解调技术在感应同步器数显表中的实现

传统双相激磁感应同步器数显表是直接通过测量感应信号中的相位信息来获取位移数据的，这会造成其抗干扰能力和其检测分辨率不能同时提高的问题。由此，介绍了应用差频解调技术，把原本为感应信号的相位信息转载到某一低频信号上，再把该低频信号作为被测信号来解决问题的原理，并提出了通过以数字与门和滤波器组成的电路模块来实现差频解调技术的具体方法。     

频率域激发极化法的观测系统

本文用系统理论研究了激发极化法的观测过程,从理论和实验两方面论证了时间域激电和频率域激电的等效性及其相互转换性。讨论了频率域激电的几种观测系统;在分析对比的基础上,指出作者等人发明的双频道激电观测系统具有快速、轻便、抗干扰能力强、成本低等优点,特别适合山区和中高阻地区应用。在激发极化观测中,用供电电极向地下送入供电电流,并从测量电极观测电位差(或电位)。因此可将对大地进行激发极化观测抽象为双口系统,系统输入的激励为电流,系统对激励的响应为电位差。按激励方式可分为时间域和频率域。一般说来,可极化大地表现为非线性系统,并可根据其非线性来研究激发极化现象。然而,在通常情况下,它是一个弱的非线性系统。当电极距不大、所用频率较低且频率范围不宽、激励电流密度较小时,可将其看作是线性时不变系统。皮尔通提出的Cole-Cole模型模拟极化效应,实践证明其近似程度是比较好的。这也说明激发极化系统可看作是线性时不变系统。对线性时不变系统,时间域和频率域的测量结果不仅是等效的,而且用拉普拉斯变换可以互相转换。由于激发极化系统是一种最小相移系统,在频率域观测中,其实分量、虚分量、振幅和相位之间并非彼此独立,而是相互依赖,只有一个量是独立的。我们用Cole-Cole模型计算出实分量Re(ω)、虚分量Im(ω)、相位φ(ω)和振幅|V(ω)|随频率的变化,并用转换近似关系式(7)计算出Re(ω),Im(ω),φ和|V(ω)|。从图2看出它们的特征是一致的,彼此等效。另外在实验室用BT—6超低频频率特性测试仪观测了黄铁矿标本和石墨标本的振幅和相位随频率的变化,按式(7)转换成|V(ω)|和φ(ω)。由图3可见尽管实测曲线存在观测误差,|V(ω)|与|V(ω)|,φ(ω)与φ(ω)间基本形态是一致的。频散率P.F.E.与相位曲线形态相似,极值频率也大体相对应。频率域激发极化法的观测方案概括起来可分为变频方案、奇次谐波方案和伪随机信号方案三类(图4示出几种方案的波形和频谱)。这些方案各有优缺点,因而不存在用一种方案完全取代另一种方案。在一般情况下它们之间也是彼此等效的,然而由于它们各自优缺点不同,适应的条件也是有差别的。与变频方案、奇次谐波方案相比,双频道方案具有一些突出优点。例如双频道观测方案中两种频率的频率差可任意选择,而二者的振幅是接近的;这对于在减轻供电功率的条件下,准确地测量视频散率或相对相位差均十分有利。又如采用双频道方案观测时,发送机电流的变化对测量结果的影响也很少,我们曾就电流变化对测量视频散率的影响进行了理论计算和实验,结果表明,在相同情况下,当对变频方案影响为-12％时,对奇次谐波方案影响为-1.06％,对双频道方案的影响仅为0.148％。而且,双频道方案可不须稳流,这对于简化和减轻发送机有利。此外,双频道观测方案可方便地抑制电磁耦合影响。图4表明,对于单纯的方波,电磁耦合影响与激发极化效应都是周期地出现,难于提取它们之间的差别;但是,双频道方案则不然,电磁耦合效应随高频周期地出现,而激发极化则主要随低频周期地出现,因而能够方便地将两种信息分离出来。我国金属矿多产于山区,交通不便,需要轻便快速的普查方案;相比之下,双频道方案较现有的其它方案更优越些。     

基于射频感应技术的相位传感器设计

设计了一种局部放电在线监测用工频相位传感器,该传感器基于射频感应的原理,采用定制的工频感应天线和信号滤波放大模块。设计的传感器在实验室和变电站现场经过试验,可以较好地感应出工频信号,频率相位一致性好。     

频率估计的多段差频正弦信号加权融合算法

针对多段差频正弦信号,提出一种基于加权融合的频率估计算法,用以提高低信噪比条件下短时正弦信号的频率估计精度,扩展多段信号融合法的适用范围。为消除各段信号频率不等对频谱分析的影响,根据各段信号间频率差生成差频修正矩阵,对多段差频正弦信号频谱进行同频化处理;为消除各段信号相位不连续对频谱分析的影响,构造具有相位连续特性和降噪特性的加权因子,对同频化的多段差频正弦信号频谱进行加权融合,得到最优加权融合频谱;最后,谱峰搜索最优加权融合频谱,实现高精度频率估计.仿真实验表明,与现有算法相比本文算法估计精度高、抗噪性好、普适性好,特别在低信噪比、短时时宽下性能优良.     

激电中梯装置感应耦合的自适应抑制方法

为了实时有效地抑制感应耦合,基于中梯装置电磁感应耦合在时频双域的表现及斩波去耦的理论成果,提出一种激电中梯装置感应耦合的自适应抑制方法。在数字采集的基础上分析接收端波形的特点,确定感应耦合接近最小且激电信息逐渐增加的位置;通过波形整形和相位补偿找到接收端波形的起始位置,确定去耦时间宽度,结合斩波理论实现感应耦合抑制。利用该方法在阻容模拟电路、水槽模拟装置以及野外中梯装置进行感应耦合抑制实验。研究结果表明:自适应抑制方法能根据实时波形情况在保留大部分激电信息的基础上有效抑制感应耦合,显示了该方法用于激电中梯装置的可行性。     

兽用超声多普勒诊断仪的研制

1 共横抑制技术仪器利用超声多普勒效应,检测出妊娠期胎畜心音和血流音,以此作为判断妊娠的依据。多普勒效应最基本的特征是接收信号频率的改变。所以,多普勒信号提取的主要手段就是将这种由于血流运动而产生的频率改变量检测出来。值得指出的是接收器上所接收到的信号并不单纯是一个具有频偏的调频信号。因为发射压电晶片和接收压电晶片靠得很近,发射信号总是有一部分经过电和声直接耦合到接收压电片上,假设发射压电片上发出Asinωt的超声波,接收压电片接收到运动着的血流中红血球的反射波为Bsin(ω_0+ω_0)t,其中ω_0为多普勒频移,而由发射压电片直接耦合过来的信号为Csinω_0t,如果忽略不计初相位,则接     

基于高阶矩形卷积窗的多频信号参数估计

非同步采样多频信号后,为了减少对信号进行快速傅里叶变换(FFT)而出现的频谱泄漏和栅栏效应等负面影响,设计了一种高阶矩形卷积窗与三谱线插值相结合的信号参数估计方法,推导了多频信号频率、幅值和相位的估计公式,并利用多项式拟合出相应的关系表达式.利用高阶矩形卷积窗+三谱线插值算法、FFT和加Hanning窗算法进行多频信号参数估计对比仿真实验,实验结果表明,对于多频信号的频率和幅值,高阶矩形卷积窗+三谱线插值算法比FFT和加Hanning窗算法的估计精度更高.     

信号循环谱在衰落与多普勒信道中的特性

 基于信号循环谱特征的频谱感知方法是认知无线电系统频谱感知的关键技术之一,信号的循环谱特征是研究该感知方法的基础.基于调制信号的循环谱理论,研究多径衰落和多普勒频移条件下无线调制信号的循环谱特征,并进行仿真验证.分析和仿真表明,多径衰落使信号循环谱的幅度和相位发生了改变,但没有影响信号的循环频率.而多普勒频移不但展宽了信号的频谱,同时造成信号的循环频率在某些地方发生了偏移,在非循环频率处,也出现了明显不为零的成分.这对基于循环谱特征检测的认知无线电频谱感知与信号检测具有重要的参考价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.