基于小波包变换的尺度自适应阈值图像降噪

针对传统小波变换易引起图像边缘模糊的不足,研究了基于小波包变换的尺度自适应阈值图像降噪。利用小波包变换可以同时对图像的高频和低频部分进行进一步的细分,因此可以更好地保留原图像信息的优势,更进一步,克服通用阈值的缺陷,软阈值函数的构造充分考虑了不同尺度层次上的系数的不同特点,产生尺度自适应阈值。通过对加噪图像的实验可以看出,与传统方法相比,本文方法不仅降噪效果有很大的改进,而且有很好的视觉效果,峰值信噪比也有较大幅度的提高。     

血管内超声图像的血液噪声抑制和对比度增强研究

提出基于二进小波变换的血管内超声图像血液斑点噪声抑制和对比度增强算法。根据血管内超声成像的特点估计噪声的方差,并由二进小波变换的分解结构给出局部阈值的计算方法,结合软阈值滤波法和硬阈值滤波法对不同尺度的小波系数进行萎缩处理。同时采用了基于多尺度边缘表示的,利用小波系数极值拉伸和Hermite多项式插值实现的快速增强算法。实验结果表明,与现有血管内超声图像去噪的方法相比,该方法在抑制血液斑点噪声的同时增强了图像对比度,保留了图像的细节,具有更好的实用性。     

基于多尺度分析的血管内超声图像去噪和增强

提出基于二进小波变换的血管内超声图像血液斑点噪声抑制和对比度增强算法.血液红细胞散射引起的斑点噪声属于乘性噪声,在对数域进行二进小波变换后,结合软阈值滤波法和硬阈值滤波法对不同尺度的小波系数进行萎缩处理,并提出了一种局部阈值估计方法.同时采用了基于多尺度边缘表示的,利用小波系数极值拉伸和Hermite多项式插值实现的快速增强算法.实验结果表明,与现有单独进行去噪处理的方法相比,该方法在抑制血液斑点噪声的同时增强了图像对比度,具有更好的实用性.     

基于上下文模型的混合傅里叶-小波图像降噪方法

针对小波变换和傅里叶变换去除图像噪声时各具不同的优点和不足,提出一种基于上下文模型的混合傅里叶-小波图像降噪方法.首先在傅里叶域中估计原始图像的功率谱密度,运用维纳滤波器降噪,降低原始图像噪声水平;再在小波域中通过基于上下文模型的自适应阈值法去除剩余噪声;在小波域中使用平稳小波变换分解图像信号得到分解后的系列小波系数,根据小波系数间的相关性,利用上下文模型求取小波系数的方差,将其代入由GGD模型估计出的阈值表达式得到自适应阈值,再用软阈值函数对小波系数进行处理,最后将处理后的小波系数进行小波逆变换完成去噪.仿真结果表明:该方法不仅能够有效滤除图像噪声,而且能够保留图像的边缘细节信号,抑制降噪引起的吉布斯现象.     

一种改进的基于小波变换的图像边缘检测算法

本文研究了利用小波变换对图像进行边缘特征提取的算法.传统的小波边缘检测算法检测到的边缘均有边缘定位不准确、边缘不连续等缺点.为了解决这些问题,本文对小波边缘检测算法作了一些改进.主要改进了以下两个方面:在图像边缘检测方面,检测小波系数模的相角方向上小波系数的局部模极大值点;在阈值选取方面,不再应用全局的单一阈值,而是选择动态双阈值.实验表明,本文方法在图像边缘的连续性比较好,边缘定位上比较准确,而且能很好地保留图像的细节信息.     

基于小波变换的图像混合去噪算法

提出基于小波变换与中值滤波相结合的方法,实现了图像去噪。该方法在去噪之前,先通过小波边缘检测确定图像边缘特征的小波系数,保留这些位置的小波系数,其不受阈值去噪影响,对其它位置的小波系数进行自适应阈值去噪,去除高斯噪声。然后对图像进行中值滤波,去除椒盐噪声。该算法的实验结果表明,不仅能滤出图像中高斯噪声和椒盐噪声的混合噪声,而且能较好地保留图像的边缘细节,其滤波效果优于传统的图像去噪方法。     

一种非均匀光照度图像字符二值化小波分析法

图像字符二值化小波分析法,是通过对图像行(或列)进行小波分析,在最佳分解尺度上寻找出行(或列)上的图像字符边缘点,根据边缘点的灰度值的均值确定出每行(或列)局部二值化的阈值.该方法特别针对多噪声光照不均的图像,能很好地保持图像字符的细节,具有良好的二值化效果.     

一种基于小波变换的图像去噪方法

利用小波系数在相邻尺度上的相关性关系,针对小波系数估计中硬阈值方法和软阈值方法的缺点,通过对双重量收缩函数得到的阈值乘以一个合适系数进行修定的折衷方法,提出了一种新的小波域局部自适应去噪算法.实验结果表明,该方法既可以去除噪声,又可以较好地保留图像的高频细节特征.     

一种基于小波变换的图像去噪方法

利用小波系数在相邻尺度上的相关性关系，针对小波系数估计中硬阈值方法和软阈值方法的缺点，通过对双重量收缩函数得到的阈值乘以一个合适系数进行修定的折衷方法，提出了一种新的小波域局部自适应去噪算法。实验结果表明，该方法既可以去除噪声，又可以较好地保留图像的高频细节特征。     

基于旋转不变小波阈值的多尺度边缘检测

在自适应多尺度边缘检测算法中用旋转不变小波非线性阈值代替原来的高斯滤波做平滑,并对尺度指数采样产生尺度集合,以确定边缘像元的最佳尺度,得到基于旋转不变小波阈值的多尺度边缘检测算法.该算法避免了对原图像的过度光滑,用于检测边缘的最佳尺度与边缘存在的尺度空间范围相匹配.实验证明新算法检测的图像比较清晰,具有较高的信噪比,而且可以用来检测含少量白噪声图像.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.