自动调焦中的评价区域自动选取

在对航天遥感图像的调焦评价中,为提高评价效率,提出了采用交互和自动方式选取评价区域的方法。首先根据地球同步轨道遥感图像中的明显且封闭的地球轮廓建立参考系,排除图像的平移、缩放的配准问题。接着依据图像特点,确定了交互方式选取评价区域的准则。自动选取方式的实现采用四叉树分解的方法对图像进行分裂合并操作,以获得满足边缘提取门限的任意形状调焦评价区域。上述方法在调焦评价中显著提高了效率。     

图像测量技术中一种调焦的判别方法

提出一种基于牛顿光学成像公式的图像测量技术中调焦的判别方法,给出了调焦判据。用这种判据调焦可以获得清晰的图像,使尺寸测量更精确,若配以自动调焦系统使摄像头跟踪被测表面,可实现表面形状的非接触测量。实验结果表明,该方法可较快实现调焦,调焦重复性的标准误差约6．5m。     

一种基于尺度变化的DCT自动聚焦算法

选取高频分量作为清晰度判据是自动聚焦的常用手段。在分析了镜头系统造成图像模糊的原理的基础上,对基于DCT(discretecosinetransform)变换的清晰度判据进行了讨论,把全局DCT算法的改进问题转化成窗口尺度大小选取的问题,进而分析了窗口的大小对于结果的影响。对于实际的自动聚焦系统,提出了窗口尺度选取的原则。该清晰度判据应用在作者开发的高清晰度图像采集系统中。实验结果证明,该文提出的判据可以用于实际聚焦系统。     

乳品体细胞的直接镜检方法

体细胞含量是评判原料奶质量的重要指标,对于人体健康和防止动物疫病的蔓延具有重要意义。为了实现乳品体细胞快速准确检测,研制直接镜检法乳品体细胞检测仪,使用了准确采样、自动对焦策略、图像处理等关键技术。采用灰度方差法与Laplace法相结合的自动调焦策略,利用体细胞图像恢复、分割、二值化、边缘提取等技术,滤去干扰和噪声,得到体细胞清晰轮廓。实验表明:体细胞直接镜检系统测量精度高,自动输出测试结果,全自动化流程控制,满足国际标准要求。     

基于形态学的图像融合算法

提出一种基于边缘连接强度的图像融合算法。利用形态学梯度算子得到图像的边缘信息。以图像灰度的边缘连接强度加权为判据,进行图像融合。实验结果表明,该图像融合方法在保留TM多光谱图像光谱分辨率的同时,通过融合SPOT全色图像提高了空间分辨率,丰富了图像细节信息。     

基于机器学习的边缘检测方法研究

传统的边缘检测方法具有一定的局限性,且自适应能力差,提出一种基于机器学习的边缘检测方法来解决上述问题.实验图像从伯克利图像数据库中选取,以Harr和梯度直方图(HoG)构成特征空间,将AdaBoost算法和决策树算法相结合进行分类器训练.实验结果表明,机器学习的边缘检测算法有更高的分类准确率.     

光杠杆及尺读望远镜的调节技巧

在“杨氏模量”和“金属线胀系数”两实验中 ,都要对微小长度的变化进行测量 .目前实验中常用的方法是使用光杠杆和尺读望远镜进行测量 ,在测量中学生最难以掌握的就是光学系统的调节 .有些学生对调节过程感到无从着手 ,不知道每一步具体如何调整 ,怎样判断 .不少同学往往一开始就在望远镜中寻找标尺的像 ,在把望远镜的调焦手轮从头转到尾也看不到标尺的像时 ,仍继续旋转调焦手轮 ,以致把调焦手轮的固定螺丝顶出 ,调焦失灵 ,徒劳无益 .另外 ,即使能调出标尺的像 ,但标尺的刻度不够清晰 ,给实验带来误差 .本文针对上述情况 ,给出了光杠杆及尺…     

航天508所自研软件用于在轨相机试验

近日，经用户和总体单位许可，在中国资源卫星应用中心的配合下，航天508所成功完成了实践卫星相机的在轨调焦试验。此次调焦采用了该所自主研发的调焦判定软件，解决了在轨调焦周期长、调焦效果判定难、成像条件要求苛刻等难题，极大地加快了在轨调焦进程。     

基于视觉感知的人体轮廓捕获及自动调焦

为使盲人辅助感知设备的摄像头图像采集模块在对人体目标进行识别的过程中能够快速响应自动调焦,提出了一个基于视觉感知实现自动调焦的新方法。先对图像目标进行特征保留的二值化处理,大大减少了复杂背景的信息量,再采用Gabor函数滤波器来模拟大脑视觉细胞的注意力功能,对通过金字塔化的子图层进行信息提取和特征融合,获得了基于视觉感知的特征图,再利用边界扩展法识别特征图启动调焦机制。实验结果表明,对于各种状态下捕捉到的图像,都能够快速准确地定位到人体活动目标,能够满足盲人辅助感知设备对摄像头捕获人体目标信息的实际要求。     

水下高压焊接中摄像系统的离焦现象及校正

从折射率的角度出发,分析了水下高压焊接过程中摄像系统的焦面偏移(离焦)现象,以及温度和环境压力对折射率的影响规律;同时,结合实际的高压焊接实验设计了自动调焦系统,采用离散余弦变换方法构造频谱评价函数作为图像评判依据,以改进的爬山搜索算法作为自动调焦算法,并通过实验加以验证.结果表明,所设计的水下高压焊接摄像自动调焦系统能够解决高压焊接摄像的离焦问题,并获得较为清晰的高压焊接电弧图像.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.