一种改进的Eclat算法

首先,深入分析了频繁模式挖掘算法Eclat和Eclat+,在大数据集上挖掘长模式时,Eclat+的性能不及Eclat。基于此,提出一种改进的Eclat算法,新算法充分利用了垂直数据表示和交叉计数的高效优势,直接在垂直数据表示的数据集上通过广度优先搜索和交叉计数产生频繁模式。实验结果表明,在挖掘长模式时,改进的Eclat算法的运行速度较Eclat、Eclat+均有明显的提高。     

基于垂直格式的频繁项集挖掘分段算法

针对Eclat算法连接和剪枝操作耗时的缺点,按照项集之间的可连接性,将数据集划分为等价类并分段存储,采用末项剪枝策略,在常量时间内完成连接和剪枝操作.针对Eclat算法求长集合的交集操作需要大量计算的缺点,采用多维数组分段存储项集的事务集,将长集合的求交集操作转换为分段求短集合的交集,并提出期望支持度的概念,在求交集的过程中预测支持度,从而减少求交集的比较次数.实验结果表明,该算法在时间性能方面优于Eclat算法,尤其适用于挖掘长模式稀疏数据集.     

高维数据组合关联关系挖掘方法

针对经典挖掘算法挖掘效率低、主观性强、生成关联关系过多的问题,从样本筛选和关联规则生成两个方面提出一种面向高维数据关联规则挖掘的新型算法(mining multidimensional association rules by combination, Marc)。所提算法通过计算样本的分布系数和删除阈值,综合自定义支持度在初读数据集时对样本进行双重筛选,在挖掘之初降低弱样本影响。在频繁项和关联规则生成时以样本关系表和样本全关系组合模式挖掘信息,降低挖掘过程的复杂性和资源消耗。试验结果表明：Marc算法挖掘出的频繁项和关联规则数量显著降低,在挖掘效率和内存消耗上均优于Apriori、FP-Growth和Eclat算法,且维度越高,数据集越大,优势越明显,Marc算法频繁项和关联关系挖掘的精度为100%。     

一种改进的Eclat算法

提出一种改进的Eclat算法.该算法在垂直数据表示方式上执行广度优先搜索和交叉计数.新算法充分利用了垂直数据表示和交叉计数的高效优势,以及Apriori算法的剪枝策略,减少了计数的候选项集的数量.实验结果表明,改进的Eclat算法的运行速度较Eclat算法有了明显的提高.     

一种基于分治策略与位运算的频繁项集挖掘算法

为提高挖掘频繁项集的效率,在垂直数据格式下,结合分治思想提出一种基于分治策略与位运算频繁项集挖掘算法DC-FIMBII。利用分治将数据库中的事务划分为多个非重叠部分,对每一部分采用位运算求交计算支持度,从而减少操作时项集的规模和项集的比较次数。在mushroom、pumsb_star和T40I10D100K等数据集上,对DC-FIMBII、Apriori、Eclat、DF-FIMBII等算法进行比较。实验表明,DC-FIMBII具有更高的效率。     

基于免疫算法的频繁项集挖掘

设计了一种不同于传统关联规则挖掘算法(如Apriori算法等)频繁项集产生算法.该算法借鉴一般免疫算法思想,并从新的角度来看频繁项集的定义,避免了传统算法中存在的"项集生成瓶颈"问题.通过对mushroom数据的频繁项集挖掘的实验,与传统方法进行了比较,其结果表明,基于免疫算法的频繁项集挖掘算法在大数据集、低支持度情况下平均挖掘时间短.     

快速关联规则增量式更新算法研究

快速关联规则增量式更新算法充分利用以往挖掘过程中的结果,无需再次扫描原数据集,对新增数据集也只扫描一次,即可得到事务更新后的数据集的频繁项集。该算法避免了重新处理已经处理过的数据和多次扫描新增数据集,与其他相关算法相比,极大地减少了算法运行时间,提高了挖掘效率。随着历史数据集的增大,更加显现出本算法的优越性。本算法还可以用于解决由于数据集过大而导致的内存不够的Apriori算法的挖掘问题,相当于数据集分组挖掘。     

基于FP-tree挖掘密集型数据最大频繁模式算法

Fp-growth算法是当前挖掘频繁项目集算法中速度最快,应用最广,并且不需要候选集的一种挖掘关联规则的算法.但是,Fp-growth算法也存在着算法结构复杂和空间利用率低等缺点.在FP-tree结构的基础上提出了密集型数据最大频繁模式挖掘算法FP-DMax.算法FP-DMax只需要2次扫描数据库,在挖掘过程中不产生候选项集,大大提高了算法的时空效率.实验表明,算法FP-DMax在挖掘密集型数据最大频繁模式方面是高效的.     

关联规则挖掘算法的优化

Apriori算法是关联规则挖掘的经典算法,该算法在处理规模巨大的候选项目集时存在耗时长和效率低的问题,提出了采用分割法对数据进行分片的优化算法.实验证明该算法不仅能减少数据挖掘对系统资源的占用,而且解决了数据库中数据分割下局部频繁项目序列集产生和全局频繁项目序列集的转换问题.     

异质数据集关联规则挖掘

针对存在的关联规则挖掘算法不能有效地在异质数据集中进行,本文首先使用领域本体方法处理数据集中的异质现象,然后提出了一种有效的XML异质数据集关联规则挖掘算法,实验结果表明该算法在挖掘速度和挖掘时在对内存的占用方面都优于现有的算法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-