CBERS-02B卫星图像的融合试验研究

遥感影像数据融合是目前遥感界研究的新热点,作为在各个领域应用日益广泛的CBERS-02B卫星影像,其全色波段空间分辨率达到2．36m,多光谱波段信息丰富,为了既保留丰富的光谱信息又能提高空间分辨率,本文在对主成分变换、Brovey变换、Mutiplicative变换融合3种传统像素级融合方法分析、归纳与算法实现研究的基础上,对CBERS-02B卫星多光谱波段与全色波段进行了图像融合试验研究,从光谱特征与空间纹理特征两个方面对融合效果进行定性与定量评价．分析结果表明,Brovey变换融合法光谱退化最小,同时也最大程度地保持了高几何分辨率全色波段的空间信息．     

城市卫星遥感图像融合处理质量评价研究

常用的遥感融合方法常导致较严重的光谱畸变,为减少融合图像光谱特征的扭曲,提出三种新融合方法即合成变量比值法(SVR)、平滑滤波亮度调制法(SFIM)和Gram_Schimdt变换法(GS)。采用定量分析方法,分别对中等分辨率Landsat ETM+数据和高分辨率Quickbird数据的融合效果进行了评价。结果表明,不同方法具有不同的光谱保真度和空间信息融入度。同一种方法对于不同分辨率的遥感数据具有不同的融合效果。对中等分辨率Landsat ETM+数据,SFIM能产生较高的空间信息融入度和光谱保真度。利用中等分辨率Landsat ETM+数据进行融合处理时,SFIM优于合成SVR和GS;在高分辨率Quickbird数据的融合中,SVR能产生较高的空间信息融入度和光谱保真度。利用高分辨率Quickbird数据进行融合处理时,SVR则优于SFIM和GS。在中等分辨率Landsat ETM+数据、高分辨率Quickbird数据融合处理中,基于SFIM、SVR融合方法能分别获得较好的视觉效果,又能改善目视解译和遥感分类精度。     

基于跨层复制连接卷积神经网络的遥感图像融合

首先, 基于卷积神经网络提出一种采用跨层复制连接操作融合不同尺度特征图的遥感图像融合模型, 解决了传统遥感图像融合方法对不同类型遥感图像需人为选择不同的分解融合规则, 导致融合图像质量受选择规则影响较大的问题. 其次, 使用Deimos卫星和QuickBird 卫星数据验证该方法的有效性, 并用主观和客观相结合的方法评价融合图像质量. 实验结果表明, 该遥感图像融合模型与传统方法相比, 能有效将全色图像的空间信息与多光谱图像的光谱信息融合, 并抑制光谱扭曲.     

基于跨层复制连接卷积神经网络的遥感图像融合

首先, 基于卷积神经网络提出一种采用跨层复制连接操作融合不同尺度特征图的遥感图像融合模型, 解决了传统遥感图像融合方法对不同类型遥感图像需人为选择不同的分解融合规则, 导致融合图像质量受选择规则影响较大的问题. 其次, 使用Deimos卫星和QuickBird 卫星数据验证该方法的有效性, 并用主观和客观相结合的方法评价融合图像质量. 实验结果表明, 该遥感图像融合模型与传统方法相比, 能有效将全色图像的空间信息与多光谱图像的光谱信息融合, 并抑制光谱扭曲.     

基于鲁棒估计的遥感图像融合方法

提出一种基于鲁棒估计的遥感图像融合方法.该方法首先建立了高分辨率的多光谱图像到低分辨率的多光谱图像和高分辨率的全色图像之间的观测模型,然后在最大后验概率框架下引入鲁棒估计以增强估计的鲁棒性,最后利用阶段非凸和逐次超松弛方法实现了低分辨率的多光谱图像和高分辨率的全色图像之间的融合.鲁棒估计的引入,大大减小了观测噪声对融合结果的影响,而且省去了目标函数中的正则项,使得融合过程更加简单方便.以QuickBird卫星数据为例的实验结果表明,与其他几种常见方法相比,本方法不仅能够提高多光谱图像的空间分辨率,对光谱信息的保持也具有更好的效果.     

QuickBird遥感影像的融合方法比较研究

应用IHS变换、Brovey变换、主成分变换3种影像融合方法对QuickBird多光谱和全色遥感影像触合实验研究,并通过空间细节信息和光谱信息二类统计参数对触合结果进行评价和分析,综合评价结果表明:三种算法中IHS变换更适于QuickBird遥感影像的融合。     

采煤沉陷区高分遥感数据融合方法

为提高采煤沉陷区地质环境监测基础数据的质量,以宁夏惠农采煤沉陷区为研究区,分别选取矿山地质环境治理恢复前和治理恢复后的QuickBird遥感影像及高分二号遥感影像,运用PCA算法、NNDiffuse Pan Sharpening算法、Gram-Schmidt算法与Brovey Sharpening算法进行融合实验,并对融合结果进行定性和定量评价。结果表明:4种融合算法都在不同程度上提高了QuickBird影像和高分二号影像的原始多光谱影像空间分辨率。其中,QuickBird遥感影像使用Gram-Schmidt融合算法处理的效果最优,不仅在空间信息融入度方面表现较好,还具有很强的光谱保真能力,能够最大限度准确获取采煤沉陷区治理前的典型地物,如地裂缝、煤矸石、煤堆、矿坑水的范围、纹理及形态等相关信息;高分二号影像采用PC Spectral Sharpening融合算法处理的效果最优,不仅能够提高采煤沉陷区地物的空间细节信息,且能较多地保留原始多光谱信息,对于采煤沉陷区治理后的典型地物,如复绿植被、观景平台、中心广场等人造景观的几何结构和纹理信息表现更为明显。     

遥感影像数据融合方法的比较和分析——以开封地区SPOT影像数据为例

遥感数据融合技术一直是近几年国际遥感界研究的热点.目前有关融合效果的评价还没有一致的评价准则和标准.因此,如何评价融合结果的客观性和可信度,成为人们长期探索的问题.本文分别对5种基本融合方法进行定性和定量对比分析,从地物光谱的统计特性、相关特性等方面,来分析融合图像的空间分辨率及其与原多光谱影像的光谱一致性,比较得出在光谱特征上扭曲较小和空间分辨率较高的融合方法,为融合算法的应用和完善提供基础.     

高光谱Hyperion与高分辨率WorldView-2卫星数据协同下的岩性分类

在目前的技术条件下,一种遥感数据源很难同时具有高空间分辨率和高光谱分辨率特征,因此如何协同使用不同来源的遥感数据进行矿物岩石识别就成了遥感地质领域的重要研究内容之一.本文结合高空间分辨率WorldView-2数据和高光谱分辨率Hyperion数据,以新疆鸟恰县矿物岩石识别与地层划分为例探讨多源遥感数据协同的岩性分类.通过对比2种数据源的空间和光谱探测能力,找到其协同基础.借鉴传统的同源数据融合方法,把WorldView-2多光谱数据降采样到不同空间尺度,并进行主成分变换,采用第一主成分与Hyperion融合产生协同数据.基于SAM光谱角分类法,分别采用WorldView-2多光谱原始数据、Hyperion原始数据和各协同数据对研究区的岩性进行自动分类.结果表明,各协同数据岩性分类精度较高,Hyperion次之,WorldView-2数据岩性分类精度最低.     

基于IHS变换的遥感影像融合方法

为了解决遥感影像空间分辨率与光谱信息不能兼顾的问题,即全色影像具有较高的空间分辨率但缺乏光谱信息,多光谱影像光谱分辨率高,光谱信息丰富,但其空间分辨率低的问题,采用MATLAB实验工具,基于IHS原理对遥感影像数据进行融合处理,试验结果表明使用该融合方法显著提高了多光谱影像的空间分辨率,同时保留了丰富的光谱特征,提高影像的判读、识别、分类能力,融合后图像的信息量比原始图像有明显增加,而且图像的细节反差、纹理和清晰度得到较大的提高,融合图像质量明显改善.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.