政府补贴提升了企业创新效率吗? ——来自战略性新兴产业上市公司的经验数据

选取中国战略性新兴产业上市公司数据,从行业层面实证检验了政府补贴对企业创新效率的影响.研究表明:政府补贴有助于企业创新效率的提升,政府补贴对不同产权性质、不同生命周期阶段企业创新效率的影响存在差异.政府补贴对国有企业创新效率的促进作用大于非国有企业.政府补贴对成熟期企业创新效率的促进作用大于成长期企业,对衰退期企业创新效率则表现为不显著的抑制作用.深化和拓展了政府补贴与创新效率关系的研究,可为政府部门制定补贴政策,提升补贴效率以及战略性新兴产业企业利用政府补贴实现创新效率提升提供借鉴和参考.     

中小企业协作创新及其模型研究

协作创新可提升中小企业的技术与管理水平,已成为其生存与发展的必然选择。为满足中小企业协作创新的研究需要,提出了中小企业协作创新模型。以中心企业为核心,从中小企业协作创新网络、企业间联系(中小企业协作创新机制)和中小企业协作创新伙伴等三大组成部分介绍了模型的结构与功能,并在模型框架下,从创新产生阶段、创新转化阶段与创新实施阶段等三阶段阐述了中小企业协作创新的应用过程。     

产学研合作创新效率分析及其影响因素研究

以广东省部产学研合作研发项目为例,采用DEA-Tobit两步法对产学研合作创新效率及其影响因素进行了分析。结论表明:产学研合作创新效率整体偏低,主要原因是纯技术效率偏低;外部知识获取与政府研发资助对创新效率有显著的促进作用,企业吸收能力的作用不显著。最后,提出了相关政策建议。     

法国中小企业创新署支持融资的主要措施及对我国的启示

法国中小企业及创新署是法国中小企业创新发展强有力的支持,很多中小企业都从创新署获得了融资和发展方面的资助。因其涉及企业发展的全过程,仅就企业国际化这一项就涉及很多融资服务支持,对其进行了解有助于中国政府改善中小企业支持政策。     

创新基金让吉林省科技型中小企业充满创新活力

政府以专项资金的方式支持科技型中小企业技术创新,是许多国家发展新技术、培育创新企业家队伍、孵化新企业和新产业的主要措施。科技型中小企业技术创新基金(以下简称创新基金)是经国务院批准设立,由科技部、财政部共同组织实施,用于支持科技型中小企业技术创新的政府专项基金。基金通过无偿拨款、贷款贴息和资本金注入等方式扶持和引导科技型中小企业的技术创新活动,促进科技成果的转化,加快高新技术产业化进程。这种国家支持企业技术创新的模式,取得了令人瞩目的成效,成为政府支持科技型中小企业发展的主渠道。据统计,从1999年创新基金正…     

国外科技型中小企业的发展创新模式

自20世纪80年代以来，以高新技术为基础的科技型中小企业的发展一直是各国政府和理论界关注的重点。与传统企业相比，科技型中小企业是一种知识、技术和人才密集型并以追求创新为核心的企业实体。西方发达国家高新科技中小企业的快速发展，发挥了支撑经济的重要作用。概括而言，西方科技型中小企业的发展创新模式具有以下几个方面的特点。     

充分发挥中小企业在创新中的重要作用——基于中关村创新示范区的调研

中小企业既具有创新活力优势,也存在资源不足劣势,实际创新绩效依赖于创新环境。中关村利用先行先试的政策优势,在示范区聚集创新要素,根据企业规模特点促进企业发展,按照产业发展规律促进新兴产业集群发展,帮助中小企业发挥优势、克服劣势,形成以中小企业为主的创新型产业集群。中关村创新示范区的统计数据表明:中小企业与大型企业相比,在创新投入上力量基本相当,而在创新产出上贡献较高,在创新强度和创新效率上表现更佳,中小企业已经成为中关村区域创新的重要力量和新兴产业发展的重要源头。     

基于DEA模型的农业企业创新绩效评价与分析——以河南省鄢陵花木产业集群为例

农业企业创新绩效已成为了解农业企业自身创新发展状态和指导农业企业提高创新资源利用效率的有效依据.基于创新系统理论,运用数据包络分析法(DEA),对鄢陵县花木产业集群中27家花木企业的创新发展状况进行绩效评价分析.结果表明,该集群农业企业的创新综合效率偏低,且企业之间存在显著差异,纯技术效率对企业的创新综合效率影响显著.结合分析的结果,提出如下相关发展建议:企业自身要加大科研投入和相关人才培训力度;深化企业产学研合作程度;政府机构要制定相关政策法规对集群企业的创新进行积极引导和鼓励;提高企业的经营管理水平,加强管理创新,促进规模效率提升.     

研发补贴和税收优惠对高技术产业创新效率的影响研究

应用随机前沿方法(SFA)测算中国高技术产业17个细分行业在2000—2014年间的创新效率。基于效率的角度实证研究了政府研发补贴和税收优惠政策对中国高技术产业技术创新的影响。主要研究结论为:税收优惠政策能显著地促进中国高技术产业创新效率的提高。但是,政府研发补贴与高技术产业创新效率之间呈现负向关系。进一步研究发现,对大企业来说,应更多地使用税收优惠政策。对小企业来说,研发补贴政策的效果更显著。此外,国有产权比重越高的产业,研发补贴和税收优惠政策对创新效率的提升作用都不明显。     

我国中小企业营销创新探析

经济全球化条件下,营销创新对企业尤其是中小企业的生存和发展至关重要。通过对营销创新及其发展的必要性进行论述,分析了当前我国中小企业的营销现状,并针对中小企业出现的问题,从营销观念、营销手段、营销策略、营销人员四个方面提出对策。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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