聚苏木精/氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极测定水样中痕量铅和镉

将玻碳电极用氧化石墨烯修饰后电聚合上苏木精聚合膜,利用该修饰电极差分脉冲溶出伏安法同时测定铅和镉.对支持电解质及其缓冲溶液、富集电位及富集时间测定条件进行了优化.在0.1 mol/L pH 3.5的NaAc-HAc缓冲液中,以此修饰电极为工作电极,在-1.1 V处搅拌富集220 s,用差分脉冲伏安法分别测定-0.58 V和-0.8V处的氧化峰电流.结果表明,该电极显著提高了铅和镉的电化学响应信号.在优化条件下,峰电流与铅和镉的浓度在0.01~1μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.991~0.995.检出限分别为8 nmol/L(Pb2+)和1 nmol/L(Cd2+)(S/N=3).将该法用于实际水样中痕量铅和镉的测定,回收率为92.2%~105.8%.     

硫磺中铅的快速极谱分析

提出用硫化铵-氨水-过氧化氢分解硫磺试样,在0.63 mol/L醋酸—0.60 mol/L溴化钾—0.14 mol/L盐酸羟胺—0.30 mol/L硫酸铵体系中以单扫描极谱测定微量铅的方法.铅极谱峰电位为—0.48 V(相对饱和甘汞电极).铅浓度在0.2～1μg/mL范围内与峰电流成良好的分段线性关系.检出限为0.16 ng/mL.RSD为3.6%～5.6%.加标回收率为86%～93%.此法操作快速简单,用于硫磺中铅的测定,结果满意.     

微分电位溶出法同时测定食品中铅、锡

利用微分电位溶出分析法,以0.09 mol/L草酸、7.5×10-5mol/L中性红为底液,同时测定了4种样品中的铅、锡含量,二元素峰电位分别为-0.52 V和-0.62 V(vs SCE),铅、锡的线性范围分别为2.0~100.0 ng/mL、5.0~250.0 ng/mL.当富集时间为60 s时,铅、锡的检出限分别为2 ng/mL和5 ng/mL.将此法应用于测定食品中痕量铅和锡,结果满意.     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定土壤中铅镉砷3种有害重金属

应用氢化物发生-原子荧光法对土壤中铅镉砷含量进行测定。研究了分析测定条件;测定铅、镉、砷的线性范围分别为:0～40μg/L,0～5μg/L,0～40μg/L;相关系数分别为:0.9999,0.9999,0.9994。应用于样品测定,测定结果的相对偏差小于2.6%;加标回收率为96.8%～104%。     

电位溶出法测定污泥中的痕量铅和镉

在HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液（pH值5.0）中，铅、镉离子分别于-0.47V(vs.SCE）和-0.67V(vs.SCE)可得到灵敏的电位溶出峰，峰高与溶液中铅、镉离子的浓度（0-20μg/L）呈线性关系，线性回归方程分别为dt/dE=2.4823c^2 Pb—0.0937(r=0.9992)；dt/dE=1.872C^2 Cd＋0.1299(r=0.9990)。检出限分别为0.08μg/L和0.06μg/L。该方法用于测定实际污泥样品中痕量铅和镉的含量，结果与石墨炉原子吸收法测定的结果基本吻合。利用电位溶出法测定污泥中痕量重金属，具有灵敏度高，准确度好，仪器简单，担任简便等特点。     

石墨烯修饰玻碳电极测定铅离子的研究

采用Hummers法制备还原石墨烯,用滴加法将石墨烯修饰到玻碳电极表面,考察了石墨烯修饰层数、底液pH、富集时间和富集电位对铅离子检测的影响,并选定最佳条件.用线性伏安法在最佳条件下检测溶液中的铅离子,结果表明铅离子的溶出峰电流与其浓度的对数在5×10-6mol/L～8×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为3.6×10-7 mol/L.石墨烯/玻碳电极也表现出良好的稳定性、重现性和抗干扰能力,并可用于实际水样的检测.     

玻碳电极示波极谱阳极溶出法测定三氯化金中痕量铜铅

用示波极谱阳极溶出法作三氯化金试剂(分析纯)中痕量铜铅的定量测定,以玻璃碳电极为工作电极。用环戊醇苹取试样水溶液中的大量基体元素Au~(3+),用还原剂还原剩余在水相中的少量 Au~(3+),在 pH=3.3的 HCl 介质中,作阳极溶出测定铜,富积电位-0.6伏(VS.SCE,下同),富积时间2分钟,铜溶出峰电位-0.11伏。测完铜后,用双硫腙-四氯化碳革取掉铜,剩余水相作阳极溶出测定铅,富积电位-1.5伏,富积时间2分钟,铅溶出峰电位-0.55伏。本方法可测至1ppb 的铜和10ppb 的铅,两者回收率平均误差分别为+4%和-7%。     

方波溶出伏安法快速测定贝类中的痕量铅

采用方波溶出伏安法(SWASV)对贝类样品中的铅离子进行检测.检测方法的最佳参数:方波频率25Hz,方波振幅25 mV,扫描速度4 mV,沉积电位-1.1 V,沉积时间120 s.在0.2 mol/L的醋酸盐缓冲底液(pH=5.0)介质中,铅离子在电位-0.561 V附近产生灵敏的方波伏安溶出峰.通过优化方波伏安检测条件,铅离子浓度在1×10-8~2×10-6mol/L的溶出峰与铅离子物质的浓度呈现良好的线性(r=0.997 7),其检出质量浓度达到0.267μg/L.该方法具操作简便、设备低廉、线性范围宽,准确性和重复性好等优点.可在实际中用于贝类等海产品灵敏、方便、快速的检测.     

纳米金修饰硅纳米线电极阳极溶出法测定痕量铅、铜

以浸入沉积的方法在硅纳米线上修饰了金纳米颗粒,并通过电子扫描显微镜（SEM）和X射线荧光分析（XRF）对金纳米粒子修饰的硅纳米线电极表面形貌进行了表征.以修饰后的硅纳米线电极作为工作电极,采用阳极溶出法检测水中痕量铅和铜,考察pH值、富集电位和富集时间对溶出峰的影响,优化出最佳实验条件.在优化的实验条件下,铅Pb2＋和铜Cu2＋的灵敏度分别为0.649μA/（μg.L-1）和0.177μA/（μg.L-1）.检测极限达到0.26μg.L-1和0.67μg.L-1.峰电流与离子浓度在质量浓度25~200μg.L-1的范围内形成良好的线性关系.     

碳纤维电极溶出法测定电气塑料中铅含量

本文研究了碳纤维电极在电气塑料中的铅测定中的应用,并进行了性能测试。在10.0mg/LHg2 —0.25mol/L盐酸溶液中测量铅,检测限达到0.050μg/L(电富集10分钟),用于测定电气塑料中的铅含量。标准加入回收率为93.5%。变异系数(n=11)<8.3%。碳纤维电极的峰高均值为268.57μA/V,标准差为3.256μA/V,变异系数为1.213%。GC电极的峰高均值为373.3μA/V,标准差为5.7987μA/V,变异系数为1.553%。碳纤维电极具有比GC电极更高的稳定性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.