工艺参数对AA5754铝合金温成形回弹的影响

以圆筒拉深件切环实验为基础,采用正交试验设计与数值模拟相结合的方法,对温成形过程中铝合金圆筒拉深件在不同工艺参数下的回弹特性进行研究,建立铝合金温成形的有限元模型.基于正交试验对圆筒拉深件进行数值模拟,研究板料成形初始温度、冲压速度、摩擦系数、压边力、凸模圆角半径、凹模圆角半径及凸凹模间隙对制件回弹的影响,并确立优化工艺参数组合.研究结果表明:从工艺参数对制件回弹影响的显著水平来看,板料成形初始温度最高,增加成形初始温度可显著减小制件回弹;压边力次之,其后依次为凹模圆角半径、凸凹模间隙及摩擦系数,而冲压速度和凸模圆角半径低至几乎可以忽略.     

基于FEA的拼焊板轿车中立柱拉延成形

运用DYNAFORM软件,对轿车侧围激光拼焊板中立柱进行冲压成形有限元数值模拟研究。通过观察成形极限图和厚度分布图对零件进行成形缺陷分析。针对成形结果中出现的拉裂、起皱和减薄等缺陷问题,采用调整成形工艺参数以及设置等效拉深筋的方法改善使成形结果,并根据仿真分析的结果,提出改进及优化工艺的方案。利用数值模拟过程中优化的工艺参数,进行实际零件的拉延成形实验,得到了质量较好的成形零件。研究结果表明:拼焊板焊缝模型的选取、板坯及工具网格的划分直接影响数值模拟的精度;冲压速度、压边力和拉深筋等工艺参数的选取直接影响零件的拉延成形,尤其是通过对拉深筋阻力的调节,平衡了材料的流动,解决了用调节压边力的方法无法解决的拼焊板零件成形问题。     

汽车翼子板多工步拉延成形有限元模拟分析

运用Dynaform软件对翼子板的拉延成形进行模拟和数值分析,通过对板料、工具、工序及控制参数等相关参数的设置,研究压边力、冲压速度和拉延筋对翼子板拉延成形的影响,并预测成形过程中板料的裂纹、起皱和减薄;根据板料变形的复杂程度设置拉延筋阻力的大小和分布,合理改变变形区板料的受力状态,提高实际冲压过程中的加工质量。     

高强度钢筒形件拉深工艺研究

影响筒形件的拉深工艺的参数有凸凹模间隙、压边力、凸凹模圆角半径和冲压速度等。为了探究不同因素对于拉深工艺的影响大小,采用有限元模拟分析了前3个工艺参数对高强度钢筒形件拉深成形的影响,并对筒形件不同位置的厚度及硬度进行测试分析。结果表明,前3个工艺参数因素对筒形件最大减薄率和最大增厚率影响主次并不一样,其中对最大减薄率影响主次顺序为:凸凹模圆角半径→凸凹模间隙→压边力,对最大增厚率影响主次顺序为:压边力→凸凹模圆角半径→凸凹模间隙。模拟得出了试验钢较好的拉深工艺参数组合,模拟结果与试验结果均是在凸模圆角出现最大减薄,在法兰边缘出现最大增厚,且模拟值与试验值接近;试验钢经拉深成形后,硬度值均大于拉深前,其中筒形件底部变化最小,法兰区变化最大。     

汽车覆盖件冲压成形性能分析与工艺优化

基于CAE技术和试验方法分析了车用侧墙板冲压成形过程中的成形性,并在此基础上结合正交试验法研究了不同工艺参数对该侧墙板成形性能的影响.结果表明:侧墙板零件局部区域处于平面应变状态,并且存在较严重的局部减薄,这两者使侧墙板零件局部区域接近破裂状态;其中压边力对侧墙板零件减薄率的影响最为显著.通过正交试验法进行了工艺参数优化,使零件的最大减薄率明显降低,平面应变状态也得到改善,且试验与有限元分析结果相吻合.     

圆筒形件拉延与反拉延成形数值模拟研究

针对圆筒形件拉延成形受到很多因素影响导致拉延失败的问题,以一个带有8mm反拉延台阶的圆筒形件为研究对象,首先分析制件数模与拉延成形关键工艺参数的计算,确定了制件的成形工艺方案;然后综合应用CATIA与AutoForm软件建立了制件模具的有限元模型并进行了求解;针对模拟结果进行了切边工艺优化,获得成功。研究表明,圆筒形件合理的工艺方案为:OP10料片,切边线优化;OP20拉延,放大凹模圆角半径R;OP30二次拉延,减小凹模圆角半径R;OP40反拉延,放大凹模圆角半径R;OP50整形,减小凹模圆角半径R;OP60切边。     

筒形件多次拉延与反拉延成形仿真与优化

针对筒形件拉延成形容易出现底部成形不足、沿口局部起皱及反拉延R角台阶开裂等成形性问题,综合应用三维建模软件CATIA与有限元分析软件Auto Form,对零件拉延成形进行数值模拟与工艺方案优化,研究存在成形性问题的原因及解决措施.研究结果表明,合理的拉延凹模R角、初始料片形状与工艺方案可以有效解决零件的拉延成形存在的问题.     

基于分块压边圈的变截面板方盒件成形比较分析

变截面板冲压成形过程中由于板料存在厚度差,整体压边圈难以满足压边要求。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对整块压边圈以及分块（分两块和分三块）压边圈的不同压边力组合作用下变截面板冲压成形进行了模拟,分析比较了整块压边圈下与分块压边圈下变截面板方盒形件成形深度、应变路径和厚度变化。结果表明分块压边圈比整块压边圈能使方盒件获得更好的成形深度,板料的减薄情况得到改善;可以通过调整压边力组合工艺参数的方法使变截面板获得更好的成形性能,研究为提高变截面板的成形性能以及分块压边圈在变截面板冲压成形中的应用提供了指导。     

汽车加油口盖组合成形工艺

针对传统的成形工艺易造成汽车零件厚度大幅减薄,致使零件成形后刚度降低的问题,采用组合成形工艺对该零件进行制造,即在预成形阶段采用液压成形,在成形阶段用冲压成形,通过数值模拟与试验设计相结合的方法,确定预成形阶段中预成形高度、预成形压边力、板料的尺寸、拉延筋阻力对成形质量的影响程度;利用响应面法建立各影响因素与目标之间的函数关系,通过遗传算法对该函数关系进行寻优计算,从而确定优化的参数组合,并通过试制验证了该组合工艺成形的可行性.     

基于 FASTAMP 的汽车发动机罩数值模拟

发动机罩是汽车覆盖件中的重要组成部件之一。该制件刚度和表面质量要求高,成形过程中常伴有板料变形不足的缺陷。基于 FASTAMP 对发动机罩的成形进行了冲压数值模拟,通过设计工艺补充面和压料面、调整压边力、布置拉延筋等措施,得到了可行的工艺方案,为类似冲压件的成形提供了一条行之有效的途径。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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