益阳地区遥感土地利用分类的波段组合效应分析

波段组合对监督分类的运算效率和分类结果有着显著影响。本文以湖南益阳TM影像为实验数据，通过波段光谱特征统计分析、叠合光谱图分析，对该地区土地利用分类波段进行了初步选取；按照3波段组合方式进行分类，并对分类效应进行了比较分析。结果表明，耕地和草地难区分、未利用土地易错分为建设用地是共同问题；TM2、3、4组合能够较好地区分耕地和草地，同时对林地和草地的区分效果也最好，分类总精度最高；TM2、3、5组合对未利用土地的识别能力相对最高；TM2、3、7组合，TM2、4、7组合以及TM2、5、7组合对水体的分类效果最好。本研究对数据降维、资料不足时最大限度发挥资料可用性、针对特别应用目的进行传感器波段设计具有一定的参考价值。     

基于决策树的超市客户数据挖掘与仿真

FoodMart超市市场部想提高客户满意度和客户保有率，于是计划对会员卡方案重新定义，以便更好地为客户提供服务并且使提供的服务能够更加密切地满足客户的期望。本文基于对FoodMart超市客户数据的分析，适当选取某些客户类型特征作为决策属性，并利用ID3算法从FoodMart超市客户数据中挖掘客户分类规则。并利用java语言编程实现了ID3算法。仿真的结果不仅为FoodMart超市会员卡重新定义制定最佳的指导策略，而且在理论研究和工程实践中都具有重要的意义。     

基于PCNN捕获-抑制机制的图像分类器设计

针对医学图像识别的重要性,本文提出了一种结合彩色图像特征场和基于脉冲耦合神经网络捕获-抑制机制的图像分类器设计方法.首先,构造符合人类视觉的彩色图像特征场;然后,利用脉冲耦合神经网络设计分类器实现对图像的识别.最后,应用于JAFFE人脸表情数据库和中医舌象的分类识别中,并与ADABOOST方法和SVM方法进行比较.实验结果表明,本文方法可以获得更好的医学图像识别效果.     

基于SVM的旋转机械转子故障预示研究

支持向量机包括支持向量回归机和支持向量分类机.本文提出了一种用于旋转机械转子故障预示的方法,通过支持向量分类机（SVC）对旋转机械转子故障进行分类并建立故障分类器,利用支持向量回归机（SVR）对转子运行状态趋势进行预示,并将预示结果输入到SVC以判断预示结果的属性.对支持向量回归机进行了仿真研究.将支持向量机与神经网络算法从理论和实验研究两个方面进行了对比研究,结果表明,该方法具有较好的故障预示能力.     

支持向量机及其在机械故障诊断中的应用研究

针对支持向量机分类算法中模型选择对分类精确性影响很大的问题，结合转子实验台模拟的典型旋转机械故障数据对影响多故障分类器分类性能的相关因素进行了研究。结果表明，在少量时域故障数据样本条件下，选用不同的核函数及核函数参数对多故障分类器的分类精度有一定影响，为实际工程应用中选择合适的支持向量机核函数类型及其参数提供一定的帮助.     

调制信号的分形特征研究

基于分形理论从信号中提取盒维数和信息维数作为分类特征,这种特征包含了信号幅度、频率和相位的变化规律,集中了各种调制方式之间的差异信息,在分类的意义上是有效特征,同时,从理论上分析了它们对噪声干扰不敏感的特性. 基于这样的特征进行分类器设计非常简单,识别率较高,有较好的工程应用价值.     

地貌分类指标的钢柔性探索

争对目前地貌类型基本概念的极度混乱现象,文章提出了地貌分类指标的钢柔性方法。该法把直接影响地貌类型基本概念的指标定为钢性指标,把与地貌类型基本概念不密切的指标定为柔性指标,并在此基础上建立了地貌钢柔性分类系统的参考模式,解决了地貌概念的混乱问题,同时增强了地貌分类的灵活性。该结果对促动地貌的生产利用和科学普及有一定作用。     

成都典型地貌区农村生活垃圾现状与分类收集建议

以成都市丘陵山区的万兴乡和平原地区的万春镇为研究对象，调查了研究区域生活垃圾产生量、产生特性、村民环保意识和收运现状；并根据其地域特点，提出了适于丘陵山区的厨余垃圾分流就地处理分类收集模式和适于平原地区的厨余和灰土垃圾分流集中处理分类收集模式。在分类收集模式下，万兴乡和万春镇垃圾收运成本得到大幅度的减少，具有良好的环境、经济、社会效益。     

基于特征谱散布特征的低分辨雷达目标分类方法

大多数雷达,特别是地面警戒雷达,其脉冲重复频率相对较低,会导致雷达发动机调制(JEM)回波多普勒模糊,对目标的观测时间(扫掠时间)相对较短,多普勒分辨率较低,会导致目标分类性能下降.针对这一问题,本文从模式分类的角度提出了利用JEM特征谱散布程度特征实现喷气式飞机、螺旋桨飞机和直升机目标分类的方法.分析指出JEM回波在多普勒域近似看作是一系列线谱,采用谐波和的数学模型提取特征谱作为分类特征,分别给出脉间、脉内的特征谱提取方法及特征的降维方法.该特征不补偿机身回波,对机身多谱勒变化不敏感.仿真实验证明了所提方法的有效性.     

半监督增量式SVM在故障诊断中的应用研究

基于半监督学习能够有效降低人工标注成本,以及增量学习可以加快训练速度,避免数据量大时训练时间过长等特性,本文提出了一种半监督增量式SVM算法.在算法中,首先对已标记样本进行训练得到初始分类器,然后利用此分类器对新增样本进行标记,最后结合KKT条件选择合适的样本对分类器进行更新.每当有新样本加入便执行以上过程,以保证分类器得到及时更新.将该算法运用于6135D型柴油机的故障诊断中,并与传统SVM算法和增量式SVM算法进行了对比,证实了本文所提算法的可行性与有效性.     

Clusterin facilitates in vivo clearance of extracellular misfolded proteins

The extracellular deposition of misfolded proteins is a characteristic of many debilitating age-related disorders. However, little is known about the specific mechanisms that act to suppress this process in vivo. Clusterin (CLU) is an extracellular chaperone that forms stable and soluble complexes with misfolded client proteins. Here we explore the fate of complexes formed between CLU and misfolded proteins both in vitro and in a living organism. We show that proteins injected into rats are cleared more rapidly from circulation when complexed with CLU as a result of their more efficient localization to the liver and that this clearance is delayed by pre-injection with the scavenger receptor inhibitor fucoidan. The CLU–client complexes were found to bind preferentially, in a fucoidan-inhibitable manner, to human peripheral blood monocytes and isolated rat hepatocytes and in the latter cell type were internalized and targeted to lysosomes for degradation. The data suggest, therefore, that CLU plays a key role in an extracellular proteostasis system that recognizes, keeps soluble, and then rapidly mediates the disposal of misfolded proteins.     

The enhancement of antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity of HDAC inhibitors by curcumin is mediated by Hsp90 inhibition

Curcumin, a natural polyphenol, has been described to exhibit effects on signaling pathways, leading to induction of apoptosis. In this study, we observed that curcumin inhibited Hsp90 activity causing depletion of client proteins implicated in survival pathways. Based on this observation, this study was designed to investigate the cellular effects of curcumin combination with the pan-HDAC inhibitors, vorinostat and panobinostat, which induce hyperacetylation of Hsp90, resulting in inhibition of its chaperone function. The results showed that, at subtoxic concentrations, curcumin markedly sensitized tumor cells to vorinostat- and panobinostat-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis. The sensitization was associated with persistent depletion of Hsp90 client proteins (EGFR, Raf-1, Akt, and survivin). In conclusion, our findings document a novel mechanism of action of curcumin and support the therapeutic potential of curcumin/HDAC inhibitors combination, because the synergistic interaction was observed at pharmacologically achievable concentrations, which were ineffective when each drug was used alone.     

SET domain proteins modulate chromatin domains in eu- and heterochromatin

The SET domain is a 130-amino acid, evolutionarily conserved sequence motif present in chromosomal proteins that function in modulating gene activities from yeast to mammals. Initially identified as members of the Polycomb- and trithorax-group (Pc-G and trx-G) gene families, which are required to maintain expression boundaries of homeotic selector (HOM-C) genes, SET domain proteins are also involved in position-effect-variegation (PEV), telomeric and centromeric gene silencing, and possibly in determining chromosome architecture. These observations implicate SET domain proteins as multifunctional chromatin regulators with activities in both eu- and heterochromatin – a role consistent with their modular structure, which combines the SET domain with additional sequence motifs of either a cysteine-rich region/zinc-finger type or the chromo domain. Multiple functions for chromatin regulators are not restricted to the SET protein family, since many trx-G (but only very few Pc-G) genes are also modifiers of PEV. Together, these data establish a model in which the modulation of chromatin domains is mechanistically linked with the regulation of key developmental loci (e.g. HOM-C).     

公路大件运输安全管理系统研究

针对公路大件运输过程中，沿途弯道、横坡、纵坡、桥梁等复杂的道路状况，设计并开发了一种基于C／S架构的公路大件运输安全管理系统，以保障公路大件运输的安全性和可靠性。在分析系统体系结构特点的基础上，对系统数据库和客户端软件分别进行设计，并采用VB开发工具进行开发，实现系统各项功能。最后通过在公路大件运输企业的实际运用，证明了该系统的科学性与有效性。     

Linux下网络块设备的研究与实现

为了充分利用USB接口资源，方便获取远程服务端的数据，设计并实现了一种新的资源共享方式。本方法使用网络块设备协议来获取远程服务端的数据，然后通过USB接口将数据提供给用户。重点给出了对网络块设备服务端和客户端的程序设计，并在Linux环境下实现了其设计功能。测试表明，数据传输速率稳定在10．0Mbps左右，说明了方法有效性。本方案既保留了USB移动存储设备即插即用的特点，又吸收了网络传输即时获取、不需使用存储介质来转移数据等优点。     

外资铁路公司竞争下中国铁路的边缘化危险

中国加入WTO以后，中国铁路将面对外资铁路公司的竞争挑战，结合铁路的经营特点，外资公司将首先进入客货运输服务领域，由于中国铁路在体制、管理、技术、资金等方面的相对劣势，经过一段时间的竞争，可能会出现在客户、价值链、创新、人才方面的边缘化危险。本文结合对这些边缘化的具体分析，提出一些对策。     

有色金属物性数据库面向服务的体系结构研究与设计

本文在分析目前流行的两层、三层网络数据库体系结构存在的问题的基础上,根据有色金属物性数据库的特点,提出一种基于SOA、多层、分布式体系结构应用开发模型.该模型着重解决以下几个方面的问题：利用软件开发新技术,提出了基于RIA的有色金属物性数据库客户端实现方式,吸取了＂胖客户端＂和＂度客户端＂的优点,解决了传统客户端部署或动态图形绘制等方面的问题 在模型中,增加了服务层,实现了系统服务的对外发布.解决了异构平台、跨系统的业务集成和重组 采用了服务器集群技术,动态的实现了负载均衡,优化了系统性能 改进了数据访问层,增加了O/R映射,屏蔽了下层数据库的细节信息,使系统能够架构在多种类型的数据库上,提高了系统的灵活性.     

Faithful chaperones

This review describes the properties of some rare eukaryotic chaperones that each assist in the folding of only one target protein. In particular, we describe (1) the tubulin cofactors, (2) p47, which assists in the folding of collagen, (3) α-hemoglobin stabilizing protein (AHSP), (4) the adenovirus L4-100 K protein, which is a chaperone of the major structural viral protein, hexon, and (5) HYPK, the huntingtin-interacting protein. These various-sized proteins (102–1,190 amino acids long) are all involved in the folding of oligomeric polypeptides but are otherwise functionally unique, as they each assist only one particular client. This raises a question regarding the biosynthetic cost of the high-level production of such chaperones. As the clients of faithful chaperones are all abundant proteins that are essential cellular or viral components, it is conceivable that this necessary metabolic expenditure withstood evolutionary pressure to minimize biosynthetic costs. Nevertheless, the complexity of the folding pathways in which these chaperones are involved results in error-prone processes. Several human disorders associated with these chaperones are discussed.     

Generation of cellular immune responses to antigenic tumor peptides

Tumor immunotherapy is currently receiving close scrutiny. However, with the identification of tumor antigens and their production by recombinant means, the use of cytokines and knowledge of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II presentation has provided ample reagents for use and clear indications of how they should be used. At this time, much attention is focused on using peptides to be presented by MHC class I molecules to both induce and be targets for CD8+ cytolytic T cells. Many peptides generated endogenously or given exogenously can enter the class I pathway, but a number of other methods of entering this pathway are also known and are discussed in detail herein. While the review concentrates on inducing cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), it is becoming increasingly apparent that other modes of immunotherapy would be desirable, such as class II presentation to induce increased helper activity (for CTL), but also activating macrophages to be effective against tumor cells.     

Generalized exponential growth models a bayesian approach

A broad class of normal and non-normal models for processes with non-negative and non-decreasing mean function is presented. This class is called exponential growth models and the inferential procedure is based on dynamic Bayesian forecasting techniques. The aim is to produce the analysis on the original variable avoiding transformation and giving to the practitioner the opportunity to communicate easily with the model. This class of models includes the well-known exponential, logistic and Gompertz models. Models for counting data are compared with the Normal models using the appropriate variance law. In the examples, the novel aspects of this class of models are illustrated showing an improved performance over simple, standard linear models.