模糊控制技术在SIMPLER算法中的应用及求解性能分析

为了提高SIMPLER算法在三维流动问题上的求解性能,引入模糊控制方法来自动调控速度亚松弛因子的大小.在数值计算过程中,将相邻两个迭代层次上的最大动量残差比值作为模糊控制输入量,速度亚松弛因子的变化量作为模糊控制输出量,基于最大动量残差的变化趋势可实现速度亚松弛因子的自动调控,从而达到加快收敛的目的.最后,通过3个经典的流动问题验证了模糊控制方法的优越性.研究表明:当初始亚松弛因子为最不利值时,模糊控制方法的收敛速度约是固定松弛因子方法的5~30倍;当初始亚松弛因子为最佳值时,模糊控制方法迭代次数与固定松弛因子方法迭代次数之比为0.7~2.0,收敛速度相差不大;采用模糊控制方法后,SIMPLER算法在不同初始亚松弛因子下均能得到高速收敛的解,同时健壮性也显著提高.研究工作将为大幅提升SIMPLER算法在三维流动问题上的求解性能起到重要作用.     

一种参数自调整模糊控制方法

提出了一种参数自调整模糊控制方法 ,该方法根据误差 E和误差变化 EC修正规则调整因子 α,并且根据系统性能指标调整比例因子 Ku.利用 Lab Windows/CVI开发的控制软件 ,在自行设计的交流变频调速实验系统上进行了电机速度控制实验 .实验结果表明 ,对比常规模糊控制和 PID控制 ,该自调整模糊控制方法具有良好的控制性能 .     

自适应阶梯模糊控制在电涡流缓速器中的应用

分析了电涡流缓速器在制动过程中所要求的恒速模式及在制动中出现的热衰退现象，提出了采用自适应阶梯模糊控制方法．该方法采用分段调节的机制，通过在线改变规则中的调整因子α，使得电涡流缓速器控制器根据实时转速和转子盘温度的变化，调整模糊控制规则，最终使得电涡流缓速器输出的励磁电流根据转速和转子盘温度实时调节．通过在电涡流缓速器转鼓实验台上对该算法进行验证，对比常规的控制方法，该方法具有更好的控制性能．     

加工过程的在线自调整模糊控制

在分析描述模糊控制规则的常规解析形式基础上,提出了将误差及误差变化的绝对值在总量中的比值作为其自身加权系数的控制规则在线自调整新算法,设计了一种在线自调整模糊控制规则与输出比例因子自适应相结合的模糊控制器,以适应被控对象的变化。仿真结果表明该方法有效,对非最小相位系统具有很强的鲁棒性和自适应性．     

小展弦比三角翼非线性气动计算

本文采用非线性涡格法,计算定常不可压缩无粘流中锐前缘小展弦比三角平板翼的自由涡迹和气动特性。为了加快涡迹收敛,采用变松弛因子调整自由涡线的方向、在迭代中不断改变松弛顺序等方法。在4.03°～20.50°的攻角范围内机翼法向力系数和压力中心位置的计算结果与实验值符合较好;本文采用的计算方法较之其他计算方法大大减少了计算量,可作为工程上计算前缘分离机翼气动特性的一种可行方法。     

PN结泊松方程的一种改进算法及其Matlab验证

针对在PN结泊松方程求解过程中几种常用方法存在的不足,提出一种改进算法.该算法结合求解非线性方程组的Newton迭代法与SOR(逐次超松弛迭代)法,即用松弛因子对Newton迭代过程的前、后2项进行加权平均,组成新的迭代公式.为进一步完善算法,在迭代公式中修改松弛因子,采用最佳松弛因子形式.根据改进算法的计算思路,运用Matlab7.0编程,对算法进行仿真与模拟.结果表明:算法真实可行,既保持计算的高精度,也明显地减少计算的迭代次数,提高求解过程的收敛速度,且仿真图像与文献图像较吻合.     

空问映射与响应面法相结合的改进优化算法

在空间映射与响应面法相结合的基础上修改了序列响应面的程序流程，从而改变了应用响应面方法优化时的迭代本质。改进方法无须每次迭代重新拟合低保真模型响应面，只在第一次迭代拟合响应面，在此基础上调整高低保真模型设计变量间的映射关系，优化收敛更迅速。由于避免了反复的试验设计和模型分析，改进方法的计算效率远高于原方法。数值算例表明了该方法的稳定性，此方法可以大大减少应用序列响应面进行优化或可靠性评价的计算量。     

机器人多指手的自校正模糊控制

采用自校正模糊控制方法对北科大双拇指手进行控制。通过调整模糊控制的量化因子、比例因子及控制规则，达到双拇指手能快速响应、抓握力无超调控制，并通过分级控制实现对质量未知的物体的稳定抓握。实验证明这种控制方法与常规模糊控制相比，具有较好的控制效果。     

水坝动水压力的计算方法和计算程序研究

本文讨论了动水压方程的计算方法，提出在计算过程中根据迭代误差和拒阵特征值的变化选择最优超松弛因子的方法，并论述了选择好超松弛因子不仅可以节省计算工作量，而且非常有利于提高计算精度。文未附有计算程序举例。     

基于Newmark格式的车辆-轨道耦合迭代过程的改进算法

针对车辆-轨道耦合系统振动方程联立求解过程,考虑车辆和轨道2个子系统模型,提出一种将有限元法和非线性接触理论相结合的交叉迭代数值改进算法。该算法将子系统方程非荷载项矩阵进行修正和求逆的预处理,基于Newmark-β积分格式规则,构造具有较高收敛速度及精度的松弛因子函数和收敛准则函数,利用轮轨相互作用力在车辆系统与轨道系统之间的快速交叉迭代,改进并实现轮轨耦合关系的求解。研究结果表明:提出的算法正确、有效,极大地提高了动力学方程数值计算效率;时间步长对系统数值解的稳定性影响显著,松弛因子的合理选择,可起到加速系统迭代和增强迭代稳定性的作用;该算法在解决大型工程振动问题时更具高效求解的优越性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-