基于混合威布尔分布的水稻插秧机的可靠性分析及剩余寿命预测

为了更准确描述水稻插秧机的失效规律,提高可靠性分析的准确性,对某型水稻插秧机的故障数据进行分析,采用两参数混合威布尔分布对水稻插秧机进行建模。以残差平方和最小为优化目标,建立参数估计优化模型,利用改进粒子群算法对其进行求解,然后采用K-S检验法对模型进行检验,对比单一威布尔模型、混合威布尔模型与水稻插秧机失效数据之间的拟合程度,得出使用两参数混合威布尔模型评估水稻插秧机可靠性的合理性,在此模型的基础上计算得到水稻插秧机的平均无故障工作时间为161.75h,中位寿命为147.14h,特征寿命为191.31h,且在可靠度为0.6时,预防性维修周期为115.19h,最后在混合威布尔分布模型的基础上计算出剩余寿命-可靠度的关系,可定量分析插秧机在一定使用时间下的剩余寿命,从而进行预测性维护。     

基于威布尔分布的核电厂仪表校验周期延长论证分析

威布尔分布常用在寿命数据分析中,以核电厂的主给水流量控制系统液位测量仪表数据和反应堆冷却剂系统温度测量仪表历史大修数据为例,建立威布尔分布可靠性模型,计算仪表的预计失效时间。结果表明:在仪表95%可靠度下,仪表的失效时间大于延长后的1.5 a的验证实验周期,这两组仪表具有良好的可靠性,周期延长可行。     

威布尔分布的316L不锈钢扩散焊接头断裂时间

根据316L不锈钢扩散焊接头高温短时拉伸试验和多次模拟蠕变试验的经验,在高温蠕变持久强度试验机上对试样进行蠕变试验,记录试样蠕变变形量与断裂时间.利用威布尔分布的参数评估方法,确定出两参数威布尔分布的各个特征量.运用威布尔分布模型及可靠性评定方法确定出316L不锈钢扩散焊接头在高温下的平均断裂时间.     

数控机床故障分析与可靠性评价技术的研究

针对传统数控机床可靠性建模时只考虑故障间隔时间而忽略故障性质的现象，提出兼顾机械故障和电气故障的混合威布尔分布模型，进而提高模型准确度.利用最大似然法来确定混合威布尔分布模型参数，用皮尔逊相关系数来确定数控机床各故障时间之间的关系.并通过K-S方法对模型进行检验， 最后确定其符合混合威布尔分布，并运用可靠性评定方法得出数控机床的平均无故障时间.     

某型飞机故障模式挖掘与健康趋势预测

针对某型飞机设备故障规律建模问题,以基于观测机群的群组设备的首次故障时间进行记录,利用三参数威布尔分布分别建立了设备的可靠性分析模型,从而得到了平均失效前时间(MTTF)和平均剩余寿命(MRL).在此基础上对机群某一时间段内各型设备发生故障的数量提出了一种蒙特卡罗数值模拟方法,对该型飞机主要备品备件的消耗数量和健康趋势进行了定量和定性描述,为该型飞机的视情维修和健康趋势预测提供了决策依据.     

铝合金腐蚀损伤统计研究

运用LY12CZ的腐蚀实验数据,根据高强铝合金的失效模式:点蚀—晶间腐蚀—剥蚀,建立了对最大腐蚀深度分类的概率神经网络模型,输出结果与实验数据比较吻合。在此基础上,对分类后的最大腐蚀深度的统计研究表明:高强铝合金点蚀的最大腐蚀深度服从Gumbel第一型极值分布,晶间腐蚀阶段服从正态分布和三参数威布尔分布,发生剥蚀后的最大腐蚀深度服从三参数威布尔分布。对高强铝合金的最大腐蚀深度,应用三种或两种分布类型,而非单一分布来表征其分布规律。     

基于定数截尾样本的高档数控机床可靠性评估

在对某一高档数控机床进行可靠性评估时,当得到的数据为不完全的定数截尾样本,最好的建模方法就是威布尔分布,通过参数估计中的最好线性无偏估计得到威布尔模型的两参数值.并根据可靠性指标,失效率函数和平均无故障时间来对模型进行可靠性评估,从而得到该机床正处于偶然失效期,且该机床发生故障的频率稍高.     

极小样本下高速列车轴承的可靠性评估

针对高速列车轴承在极小样本零失效情况下的可靠性试验评估问题,采用Bayes数据统计理论将先验信息与试验信息进行融合,建立累积失效概率数学模型,根据最小二乘法求解出二参数威布尔分布中的待定参数,得出高速列车轴承可靠性数学模型.研究结果为评估高速列车轴承的可靠性和运行安全性提供了一定的理论依据.     

滚动轴承小样本无失效数据的Bayes可靠性分析

采用贝叶斯方法对累积失效概率进行估计,首先用最小二乘法计算出威布尔分布的两个参数,然后利用威布尔分布来计算出其可靠度。通过对一组小样本无失效数据的计算和分析,结果表明此方法符合经验信息,能够满足其性能要求。     

不同季节乌鲁木齐风能资源潜能评估

为评估乌鲁木齐地区的风能资源,分析了风速概率分布、风能功率密度和风能等模型.利用威布尔分布分析了该地区典型气象年不同季节的平均风速、标准偏差、尺度参数、形状参数、最频繁风速、最优风速和风能可利用时间;分别利用对数正态分布、威布尔分布和瑞利分布对该地区不同季节的风速概率进行了分析;利用威布尔分布和瑞利分布分析了该地区不同季节的风能功率密度和风能.结果表明:乌鲁木齐地区典型气象年不同季节的平均风速、标准偏差、尺度参数、形状参数、最频繁风速、最优风速和风能可利用时间的最大值都发生在冬天,除了形状参数外的其它参数的大小顺序依次发生在秋天、春天和夏天;该地区不同季节的风速威布尔分布形状介于对数正态分布和瑞利分布之间;威布尔分布算出的风能功率密度和风能略大于瑞利分布算出的值;这两种分布模型算出的冬天风能功率密度和风能都最大,其次是秋天的,再次是春天的,夏天的风能功率密度和风能都最小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to