部分反馈信息下多用户多输入多输出下行链路的容量优化

针对多用户多输入多输出下行链路中，基于部分信道状态信息反馈的联合发送方法不能有效抑制多用户间相互干扰的问题，提出了一种支持各用户信号独立检测的多用户联合发送方案．该方案只需要各用户信道响应矩阵的主右奇异向量作为反馈信息，在计算预处理矩阵时引入正变化操作，与已有方案相比，在增加少量前馈信息的条件下，可以最小化多用户问相互干扰，提升系统容量．仿真结果表明，所提出的方案能够提高检测信干噪比，降低系统的平均误码率，在发送、接收天线数为4、平均发送信噪比为20dB时，系统容量比无正交化时提高了1倍以上．     

一种超宽带系统中的多天线加权预处理方案

针对高传输速率超宽带系统中的符号间干扰问题,提出一种新的多天线加权预处理方案.当发射端已知所有子信道的信道状态信息时,通过信道系数翻转即可以获得每个子信道的预处理抽头系数及等效信道.采用基于广义瑞利商方法求得的最优天线加权系数,能够使得在接收端采样处的信干噪比最大化.采用该发射方案,接收端仅需单天线即可实现捕获多径能量和抑制符号间干扰的折中.仿真结果表明:相对简单的天线合并方案,所提方案在4发射天线下能够获得至少2 dB的误码性能提升.     

延时反馈多天线信道的线性预编码方案

为了充分利用多天线系统发送端的延时信道参数,基于B ayes ian准则提出等误码准则和最小误比特率准则下的优化线性预编码方案。该方案考虑发送端的延时误差给系统带来的影响并对信道状态信息的条件期望进行奇异值分解。仿真结果表明:采用等误码准则下的优化方案使得系统在误比特率为10-4时获得约2.5 dB的信噪比增益,并且使各空间子信道的性能更接近,另外最小误比特率准则下的优化预编码方案也在稍增加系统复杂度的前提下有效地抑制延时信道对系统性能的影响并降低系统误比特率。     

频域时间反转多用户系统的信干噪比和误比特率分析

为了更有效地将时间反转技术应用到正交频分复用系统中,推导了多天线频域时间反转预编码多用户系统的平均信干噪比和误比特率的表达式。通过推导信号功率均值的表达式和用户间干扰信号功率均值的近似表达式,得到用户的平均接收信干噪比的近似表达式,进而得到二进制相移键控调制下的平均误比特率的一个下界和近似表达式。仿真结果表明,推导的平均信干噪比的近似值与仿真结果很接近,近似BER值与仿真得到的平均BER值较为接近;通过增大速率回退因子和天线数,可明显提高平均信干噪比,降低误比特率。     

基于SIMO系统的RA-CDSK通信方案性能分析

针对无线通信中的信道衰落问题,提出一种单输入多输出参考自适应相关延迟键控(single-input-multiple-output reference-adaptive CDSK,SIMO-RA-CDSK)通信方案。采用高斯近似分析法分别在AWGN信道和Rayleigh平衰落信道条件下推导出SIMO-RA-CDSK系统的误比特率BER公式,并且对SIMO-RA-CDSK系统的理论分析进行Monte Carlo仿真验证。研究结果表明:与传统混沌通信系统相比,该方案不仅在解调过程中降低了信号内干扰分量和噪声干扰分量,而且能够通过接收端多天线获得有用信号分量的增益。SIMO-RA-CDSK系统误比特率随着接收端天线数量增加而下降;由于在SIMO-RA-CDSK中信号内干扰和噪声干扰较少,在接收端天线数量相同的条件下,SIMO-RA-CDSK系统误比特率比SIMO-CDSK(single-input-multiple-output CDSK)系统的低。     

基于干扰保护的同信道干扰下VHT WLANs性能

首先针对同信道干扰下超高吞吐量无线局域网的场景,分析了热点覆盖位置服从泊松分布,多用户预编码采用线性预编码时用户端的性能,得到了用户端的信干比概率密度函数表达式,并在此基础上推导出用户端的误码率以及热点与用户之间的容量表达式.结果表明,由于聚合干扰的存在用户的性能随着热点天线数的增加而降低.然后针对同信道干扰下超高吞吐量无线局域网载波侦听机制的缺陷,提出了基于干扰保护的站点接入机制,即当信干比在小于干扰保护门限时站点参与信道使用权的竞争和数据的发送,使得超高吞吐量无线局域网在同信道干扰下能最大化系统吞吐量,最后通过仿真验证了分析的正确性和所提方案的有效性.     

一种选择最大多用户分集MIMO信道调度方法及性能分析

提出了一种选择最大多用户分集MIMO信道调度方法,能在不降低性能的基础上减少反馈负载.每个用户将最大的信干噪比值与设定的门限比较,只有大于门限的值及对应的发射天线序号返回给基站,基站分配独立的信道给最大信干噪比用户.给出了所提方案的系统平均容量和反馈负载量的分析,仿真结果与分析一致.     

基于粒子群算法的多小区用户分组调度研究

在多小区多用户多天线(MIMO)系统中,为减轻共道干扰(CCI),实现系统容量最大化的协同用户分组调度机制可归结为优化问题,而新型粒子群算法(PSO)就是解决非线性多元函数优化的有效手段.提出了一种基于粒子群优化算法(PSO)实现容量最大化的多用户调度解决方案.根据当前协同小区簇内各用户的信道特性,对发送信号进行迫零(...     

非理想信道信息对多用户MIMO系统性能的影响

针对闭环系统中存在反馈时延及接收端存在信道估计误差的情况,分析了非理想信道信息对基于天线选择方案的闭环多用户多输入多输出(MIMO)系统性能的影响,推导了中断容量及误比特率的解析表达式,探讨了多用户分集对系统的影响.理论分析表明反馈时延及估计误差会使得整个系统的性能下降.数值仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性.     

多用户MIMO系统的有限反馈预编码

提出了一种多用户多数据流情况下基于接收机输出端信漏噪比准则的有限反馈预编码方法,很好地解决了实际通信系统中由于反馈信道的带宽限制,发射端往往仅已知部分信道信息的问题.该编码方法不仅有效避免了迫零有限反馈预编码方法发送端和接收端的天线数限制要,且在接收端成功避免了噪声被放大.仿真比较了该方法在不同反馈比特数下的系统容量.结果证实.相较于迫零有限反馈预编码方法,本文方法可获得更高的系统容量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.