论鄂西南岩溶洞穴发育与第四纪冰期和间冰期的关系

本文简述了鄂西南利川市东北部岩溶洞穴体系上、中、下层状溶洞发育状况,论述了其发育过程与第四纪冰期和间冰期的关系,在间冰期时形成水平溶洞,在冰期时形成垂直溶洞,二者互相贯通,形成了岩溶洞穴体系。     

琼西北地区冰川地貌陆地卫星(TM)图像解译

北门江流域更新世沉积广布、厚度巨大.在对区内的建筑砂矿进行成矿背景条件研究时利用了陆地卫星TM图像与区内的地质地球物理资料进行综合解译,发现了区内的冰蚀台面、冰洼、冰斗、冰川槽谷和冰碛堤、冰碛裙、冰水扇等冰川作用遗迹.通过对冰蚀、冰碛地貌的研究,发现它们之间是一系列有规律的组合,有其密切的成生联系,是更新世多次冰川作用的结果.     

宇宙尘埃流入量与地球气候冷暖关系分析

宇宙尘埃流入量的多少具１０万年的周期变化。宇宙尘埃流入量增加，地球气候变暖，出现间冰期环境；当宇宙尘埃流入量减少，地球气候变冷，出现冰期环境，这是由于宇宙法埃对短波辐射和长波辐射的热效应不同所致。     

岷江上游欢喜坡冰水堆积体原位大剪试验研究

岷江中上游河谷两岸广泛分布着第四纪冰水堆积体,其特征在我国西南地区大江大河的河谷地带具有很强的代表性。正是由于此类冰水堆积体具有复杂的结构特征与特殊的形成演化过程,造就了其力学强度特征与其他堆积体相比存在较大的差异。以欢喜坡冰水堆积体为研究对象,采用大剪仪对在不同土石性质不同含水率下的冰水堆积体进行现场大剪试验。试验结果表明:该冰水堆积体应力应变曲线具有明显的弹性变形和塑性变形阶段,没有明显的应力屈服特征。土石性质与含水率是影响冰水堆积体强度特性的重要因素。天然状态下,冰水堆积物的应力应变关系呈现出一定的应变硬化特征。当含水率增大时,应力应变关系出现弱应变硬化特征。孔隙比小、密实度高、含石量高的冰水堆积物强度也显著提高。通过邓肯张双曲线模型对欢喜坡冰水堆积体大剪试验获得的应力应变曲线进行拟合,拟合效果良好。     

冰碛物年代及其环境变化

冰碛物年代一直是冰川学研究的一个重要内容，也是环境变化深入研究的对象，冰川沉积物对于气候地层的建立起着不可忽视的作用。但是由于冰碛物自身与海洋、黄土等记录环境变化的内容相比存在局限性，所以造成对冰期划分，对比的不利。另外，自身年代缺乏也限制着全球冰期的划分与对比，笔者认为，目前的冰碛物研究对于气候地层起到了补充、验证的作用，在较大的时间尺度上是可行的，但是要提取高分辨率的环境变化信息，应该探索新的替代载体；同时要大力加强冰碛物绝对年代的研究。     

论中国第四纪冰期与间冰期

李四光教授在庐山划分出三个冰期与两个间冰期,后来加上晚更新世的大理冰期,为四个冰期三个间冰期。李承三教授继而在四川西北部山区划分出五个冰期与四个间冰期。孙殿卿教授等后来在河北省泥河湾划分出六个冰期与五个间冰期。景才瑞等也曾在庐山与鄂西高原地区划分出四个冰期与三个间冰期。学者们比较公认的为：鄱阳冰期、鄱阳－大姑间冰期、大始冰期、大姑－庐山间冰期、庐山冰期、庐山－大理间冰期与大理冰期。目前处在冰后期。     

Glacial distribution and mass balance in the Yarlung Zangbo River and its influence on lakes

Glaciers in the Yarlung Zangbo River witness severe glacial retreat nowadays, which gives important influence on lake processes in the region. We have studied glacial distribution, glacial mass balance and found large deficit in glacial mass and its impact in the region. Our study also integrated the variation in glacial-fed lakes of the Nam Co and Ranwu Lake, and presented an initial assessment of the impact of glacial mass balance on lakes. The study has shown a significant contribution of glacial melting to recent lake expansion and lake level rising.     

Late Pleistocene glaciation of the Changbai Mountains in northeastern China

The Changbai Mountains （2749 m a.s.l.） in northeastern China are one of the typical mountain regions with glaciation since late Pleistocene as evidenced by well-preserved erosive and accumulative landforms at elevations above 2000 m a.s.l, formed by glaciers around the crater lake, Tianchi Lake. Cirque glaciers developed on both the inner and outer sides of the volcanic cone. Well-preserved cirques, glacial trough valleys, glacial threholds, polished surfaces of the glacial erratics and the moraine ridges indicate that several glaciation processes took place during the last glacial period in this region. Resuits of optically stimulated luminescence （OSL） dating on the moraine sediments, and the K/Ar, thermal ionization mass spectrometry （TIMS）, electronic spinning resonance （ESR） dating on the volcanic rocks suggest two periods of glacier advances. One is named the Black Wind Mouth glacier advance taking place on the west and north slopes of the volcanic cone at an elevation of 2000-2100 m a.s.l., which is dated to about 20 ka, being the result of the Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）. The other is named the Meteorological Station glacier advance at the elevation of 2400-2600 m a.s.l., dated to 11 ka during the late glacial period, and is tentatively correlated to the Younger Dryas stage. The scope of the former glacier advance is larger than that of the latter. Regional comparisons showed that the glacial sequences in the Changbai Mountains are similar to other glaciated areas in eastern Asia during the later part of the last glacial cycle.     

祁连山东段冷龙岭南麓白水河冰碛物ESR测年研究

白水河是祁连山东段冷龙岭南麓大通河的一条支流,在其谷口保存有形态较完整的冰川终碛,终碛剖面中有将该终碛垄分成两次冰川作用的一推积垄,此次用ESR测年技术对采自该剖面中的冰碛物进行了测年研究,推积垄前部上样品测得的ESR年龄为73．0ka,55．8ka;推积垄后部靠近推积垄的一个样品,测得ESR年龄为36．7ka,所测得的ESR年龄与终碛垄沉积的新老关系相一致,经过ESR测年结果的误差与其可靠性讨论并结合终碛垄沉积关系和推积垄前后的^14C年龄得出;推积垄前部的冰碛物为末次冰期早期沉积的,与深海氧同位素的4阶段相对应;推积垄后部的冰碛物为末次冰期晚期所沉积的,可与深海氧同位素的2阶段相对应,此结论也进一步验证以往学者所得出的结论,说明冰碛物可以用ESR技术进行测年。