朝鲜奎章阁本的<授时历立成>

立成表是古历中推算日、月、五星运动时,为简化计算所造的表.元代<授时历>是中国古代历法的巅峰之作,可惜<元史*历志>中没有收录它的立成表部分.在韩国保存有署名王恂的<授时历立成>奎章阁本1册.该文对这册立成表的内容进行了分析和研究,证明它确是在元代所做,其刊行时间为朝鲜世宗时代,具有珍贵的史料价值;而且,其中出现的四暗星内容对于<授时历>本身的历法内容是一个重要的补充.     

试论桂馥《说文解字义证》及其六书研究特点

桂馥为清代研治<说文解字>四大家之一,其精力之作为<说文解字义证>.桂馥<说文解字义证>于研治<说文解字>和文字学、词义学均有重大贡献和不可低估之价值.其论六书自有其特点:征引广博,宗许佐许,虽有说形不忘义证,鲜下己意追求客观.其独特之点,亦为其著书指导思想之使然.     

欧阳修《诗本义》"淫奔诗"说解读——以《静女》诗为例

对<诗经>中爱情诗的解释和评价,一直是经学家们关注和争论的一个焦点.汉唐诸儒解<诗>大都笃守美刺二端,<诗经>中的民间情歌陡然变成了寓含美刺的政治诗,而其描写爱情的本事却被绝对否定了.欧阳修的<诗本义>在诗经学史上所做的重要贡献就是他首创"淫奔之诗"说,首次用文学家的眼光打量已被经学家歪曲的面目全非的爱情诗,此后,经过朱熹等人的继承和发扬,爱情诗的真实面目才冰山露出一角.     

自译与翻译伦理——以张爱玲的《五四遗事》为个案

自译在很大程度上并不是翻译,而是改写,如在将Stale Mates自译成<五四遗事>时,张爱玲即在不同层面对原英文文本进行了大量的改写.在切斯特曼提出的五种翻译伦理模式中,自译首要遵循的不是再现的伦理而是基于规范的伦理.     

元代官修《大元本草》确有其事

元代是否有官修<大元本草>?薄树人认为没有此事[1].笔者却发现<元史>、<新元史>对<大元本草>有多处交代,另有数则史料也涉及此事.     

《孟子师说》还原《孟子》太和气象

<孟子师说>还原<孟子>太和气象,主要由三方面展开:以"知痛痒心"解说孟子"性善论",以"即事即义"发挥孟子"养气说",以"本之心术"阐扬孟子"尊王斥霸"思想.<孟子师说>从人之本心出发,还原了孟子的个人修养理论和社会政治学说的本来面目.     

郴州八景的历史考述及旅游价值探析

自魏晋南北朝出现"八景"文化以来,中国人便爱评定八景。至宋,宋迪的《潇湘八景图》是八景文化的里程碑,其后各地八景层出不穷,郴州作为湘南的偏远小城也不例外。笔者通过文献考究了古郴州八景(旧称郴阳八景)的文化起源,梳理了其名下各景点于古代流传至今的诗文记载及历史发展,根据历史提出其深层文化价值及旅游利用。郴阳八景为苏仙云松、北湖水月、南塔夕照、东山一览、鱼绛飞雷、香山瀑布、圆泉香雪、龙泉烟雾,各景点诞生时间不同,景点均被记载于晋代至元代名家诗词文作或历史文献中,经古文献考究笔者认为郴阳八景确定于元朝。中华民族的文化自信响应在全国各地,郴阳八景作为郴州古代历史文化最大标签,应做到本地普及性宣传,向四周进行辐射性影响,因此选择借助旅游价值为中介以达到传统文化普适性宣传目的。     

叶适易学思想发微

叶适是循义理的路数来解<易>的.具体说,就是根据<彖><象>解<易>.由于他将<彖><象>视为孔子的作品,所以根据<彖><象>的解释所理解<周易>的经义,在他看来,也就是"孔氏之本学",体现了圣人以道易天下的目的.在这种易学观的指引下,他之<周易>解释,在致思取向而上,彻底贯彻事功原则、功利原则,竭力消解<周易>解释上的神秘性、玄虚性,始终坚持"以卦象定入德之条目而略于爻,又以卦名通世故之义训而略于卦".这是将"通世故之义"作为理解<周易>的经义根本原则.这个原则从根本上保证了叶适之解<易>彻底摆脱了象数路数的干扰,将<周易>解释成为一部彻底宣扬儒家的德性修养、道德理想、政治理念的经典.     

关于《筭数书》与《九章筭术》的关系

学术界尤其是文物界流行着<筭数书>是<九章筭术>之源的看法.这是认为<筭数书>成书比<九章筭术>早,并且只考察两者的相同部分得出的结论.实际上<筭数书>是从许多著作摘录撮编而成的,<九章筭术>的主体部分完成于先秦,两者孰先孰后,无法判定.两者题目的异同成为考察它们的关系的主要指标.两者相同的题目在<筭数书>中不足110,在<九章筭术>中不足127.两者绝大部分题目和术文并不相同.因此<筭数书>决不会是<九章筭术>之源.应该说,两者共同的方法,是先秦数学界的共识.     

《国史概要》科学史内容纠误

樊树志教授所著<国史概要>是近年来影响较大的通史类教材之一.但该书中的部分科技史内容存在误读文献和分析不当之处.这里就张衡是否首次论述月食成因、天狼星的喻义、对北宋<崇天历>和元代郭守敬<授时历>的评价与分析等问题予以纠误.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that