吡啶偶氮有机试剂取代基效应的估算

吡啶偶氮有机试剂的取代基效应,可以用分子轨道法来考虑其间的因素。我们选用PAP[2-(2-pyridyl)azo phenol]即2(2-吡啶)偶氮酚为母体分子引进取代基后,可视为母体分子轨道与取代基的原子轨道(或分子轨道)之间的相互作用,并以线性组合来表示整体的分子轨道n为n个母体分子轨道、第n+1个为取代基的轨道。基于母体原来分子轨道具有正交性质,可得下面两组分子轨道: 由于我们选取取代基的轨道能量一般低于母体分子轨道的能量,所以(2)式主要成份为母体的分子轨道,它为高能态,可以把它看作母体分子轨道受取代基影响后所形成的状态。而(3)式为取代…     

C_(4v)ML_5分子片的杂化轨道和轨道相互作用

从等瓣类似原理出发,利用分子电子结构的分子片观点,作者提出用“前线杂化轨道”来描述分子片的特征杂化轨道,它具有高度的方向性,反映分子片的电子结构、成键特征和反应性能。本文介绍了一种确定分子片的前线杂化道(Frontier Hybitad Orbital,简记成FHO)的计算方法,应用该方法研究了一系列C_(4v)ML_5分子片的杂化轨道和轨道的相互作用,着重讨论了由ML_5分子片构成的分子M_2L_(10)(如Mn_2(CO)_(10)、Mn_2Cl_(10)~(4-)等)和XM_2L_(10)(如HCr_2(CO)_(10)~-)中的M-M键的性质,解释了HCr_2(CO)_(10_~-离子中的Cr-H-Cr的稳定结构不是直线而是弯曲的,其键角为150°左右。     

平面B_nBe_3(n=1~6)团簇的结构和稳定性的理论研究

利用CCSD(T)/6-311+G(d)//B3LYP/6-311+G(d)方法对平面BnBe3(n=1~6)的结构、稳定性及势能面进行了研究.通过计算获得了BnBe3(n=1~6)团簇的最稳定结构.平均原子成键能(BE)、成键能增量(IBE)和能量二次差分(Δ2E)的变化图揭示了B4Be3具有较高的稳定性.结果表明,BnBe3(n=1~6)团簇的稳定性与离域π分子轨道、σ正切分子轨道和σ径向分子轨道的相互作用有关.价轨道、ADNDP、ELF和NICS分析证明了B2Be3的第3个异构体具有σ-和π-双芳香性.     

夹心双核模型物Cp2Cu2稳定结构的量子化学研究

用DFT BLYP/6-31G(d)及MP2/6-31G(d)等方法优化了夹心型双核模型物Cp2Cu2的分子结构.结果发现,横向/重叠型Cp2Cu2(Cs)比轴向/交叉型Cp2Cu2(D5h)的分子构型稳定;用能量分析方法探讨了该模型分子的优势作用项,发现决定分子总能量高低的不是原子(电子)之间的相互作用力的大小,而是前线分子轨道能级差的大小;同时还预言了该分子中的原子净电荷布居规律、前线分子轨道能量以及组成特征.     

二价锰四面体络离子的吸收谱和中心对称分子轨道

考虑配体合成晶场势能的中心对称部份影响,提出中心金属离子价电子的一种部份分子轨道,用它作为(MnX_4)~(2-)络离子的径向波函数。计算了晶场参量和Slater—Condon 参量,得到的四重态吸收谱和(MnBr_4)~(2-)及(MnCl_4)~(2-)实验值一致,这种中心对称部份分子轨道使拟合参量减到最少。说明它能反映出离子键络合物中某些共价效应。     

平面B_nCP(n=1-6)团簇的结构和稳定性的理论研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)对平面B_nCP(n=1-6)的几何结构、相对能量、稳定性以及势能面进行了计算和分析.得到了B_nCP(n=1-6)团簇的最稳定结构.除了BCP团簇是直线型结构,其余的B_nCP团簇为相应的n元环状结构.通过分析平均原子成键能(BE)、能量二次差分(△~2E)和成键能增量(IBE)与B原子数的关系后发现,BCP、B_3CP和B_5CP团簇具有较高的稳定性.此外,B_nCP(n=1-6)团簇的稳定性与离域的π-分子轨道、σ-正切分子轨道和σ-径向分子轨道的相互作用有关.价轨道、ADNDP和ELF分析揭示了B_5CP具有σ-芳香性和π-反芳香性.     

草酰氟分子(FCO)2的量子化学研究

目的为了验证草酰氟中性分子(FCO)2光谱分析的结果和进一步研究2种构像的振动模式。方法采用量子化学中从头算的方法HF、MP2、QCISD和密度泛函中的方法B3LYP在6-311 G**水平上对草酰氟中性分子(FCO)2做了构像分析,在B3LYP/6-311 G**水平上,分子轨道分析和自然键轨道分析(NBO)研究了2种构型的稳定性。结果得到了与光谱分析一致的结果,草酰氟分子有平面反式和顺式2种构像。根据频率分析计算结果进行振动模式分析及模拟出的红外光谱图,均与实验结果相符。结论量子化学的理论计算与草酰氟中性分子(FCO)2实验结果相一致。     

丝氨酸手性分子与离子单重低激发态特性的理论计算

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3P86方法, 在6-311++G(-d,p-)基组水平上优化手性左旋体丝氨酸(S-Ser)分子、 正负一价离子、 负二价离子的基态稳定几何构型, 并用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法, 计算手性S Ser分子及S-Ser-2-轨道跃迁等单重低激发态特性. 结果表明： 手性S-Ser分子和S-Ser-2-结构参数随分子体系俘获电子数目的增加而发生变化, 其中键长R变化最明显; 分子轨道(MO)结合自然跃迁轨道(NTO)特征分析法可较好地描述手性S Ser体系各激发态的电子激发特性, 对Rydberg激发特征指认效果较好.     

α-氨基酸癸胺衍生物缓蚀性能的理论评价

采用量子化学计算和分子动力学模拟相结合的方法,在液相条件下对2-氨基-N-癸烷-3-(4-羟基苯基)丙酸(A)、2-氨基-N-癸烷-乙酰胺(B)、2-氨基-N-癸烷-丙酸(C)和2-氨基-N-癸烷-3-甲基-丁酰胺(D)4种缓蚀剂分子抑制盐酸对低碳钢腐蚀的性能进行理论分析,考察其前线轨道能量、全局反应活性参数、Fukui指数、重原子对前线轨道的贡献,计算缓蚀剂分子与金属Fe(001)表面的吸附能。结果表明:缓蚀剂分子A具有最强的反应活性;缓蚀剂分子B拥有较高的局部反应活性,C次之,D最小;缓蚀剂分子与金属表面的结合力由强到弱依序为A、B、C、D;4种缓蚀剂分子的缓蚀性能由高到低依次为A、B、C、D,缓蚀性能与实验数据相吻合。     

双水作用Met过渡态电子激发特性的图解分析

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法, 在6-311+G(2df)基组水平上优化气相条件下甲硫氨酸(Met)分子的几何构型, 分析Met+2H₂O分子体系手性转变过程中各基元反应物的特征, 并在M06-2X/def2-TZVP下, 用含时密度泛函理论(TDDFT)方法给出隐式溶剂甲醇下Met+2H₂O分子体系手性转变过程中某过渡态体系的分子轨道(MO)、 自然跃迁轨道(NTO)和空穴-电子分布等值面图, 研究图解电子激发特征. 结果表明： 在双水分子协助下, H原子迁移形成过渡态, 导致Met分子体系结构与反应物间发生显著变化, 使分子功能发生改变.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to