新生肽链折叠的格子模型

由放置在简立方子上的１２５个以单位键长联接的残基模拟肽链，残基分为亲水和疏水两类．考虑每对非键联接的空间相邻疏水残基间相互吸引．新生肽链的折叠由两种算法模拟：生长算法模拟新生肽链的生长过程，类似于动力学生长行走（ＫＧＷ）．折叠算法采用Ｍｅｔｒｏｐｏｌｉｓ算法．在肽链生长过程中，两种算法交替使用，一旦生长完毕则只使用折叠算法．对３０个随机序列和４个真实蛋白序列的模拟结果表明，生长完毕时，即经过约１０３步模拟，肽链就已处于一种能量较低的状态，其后的折叠较缓慢，再经过约１０５模拟，无明显变化．Ｋａｒｐｌｕｓ小组的模拟结果表明，２７肽须经１０７步才能达到全局极小，这与蛋白体内折叠时标相差很多．提出ｒｏｂｕｓｔ极小的概念取代全局极小来描述蛋白质的生物活性状态．一个ｒｏｂｕｓｔ极小由一组能量足够低的、动力学可及的、几何结构相似的极小组成，系统进入ｒｏｂｕｓｔ极小就不会因热涨落而跃出．一个序列一般有多个ｒｏｂｕｓｔ极小，具体折叠到哪个则与折叠途径有关，据此提出将序列结构特异性推广为序列一途径一结构特异性．     

甜味蛋白Brazzein在Escherichia coli和Bacillus subtilis中的表达研究

通过实验对比研究了植物来源的甜味蛋白Brazzein单独及与E coli信号肽融合表达的情况,证实无信号肽序列的Brazzein编码基因实现了可溶性活性表达,它的肽链N端未融合其他氨基酸或肽链.同时,在Brazzein肽链中引入31His→Ala的突变,依照Bacillus subtilis的偏爱密码子,合成了定点突变后的Brazzein编码序列,并在B.subtilis WB600中实现了可溶性胞内表达,得到了表达量较高的活性蛋白产物.     

中段密码子序列对目的蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达的影响

通过调整表达翻译肽链中段Asp—Pro—Pro三个氨基酸的密码子的序列,观察其对目的蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达的影响。用PCR方法分别在rhBMP4-m基因的5’端加上编码Asp-Pro—Pro酸水解肽的不同简并码序列,克隆入原核融合表达载体pRSET中进行诱导表达,SDS—PAGE分析,观察融合蛋白的表达效果。成功构建9个不同简并码序列的融合表达载体;经诱导表达分析,只有在两个脯氨酸的密码子均为CCG时,融合蛋白才能正常表达,说明改变表达肽链中段氨基酸密码子的碱基序列可以影响融合蛋白的表达效果。     

大肠杆菌的同义密码子使用偏性对蛋白质折叠速率的影响

考虑到同义密码子使用偏性的物种差异性,选取大肠杆菌的54条核蛋白为研究对象,将每条核蛋白按二级结构截取出α螺旋片段、β折叠片段和无规卷曲(α-β混合)片段,然后找到每个片段相关的核酸序列信息,计算其同义密码子使用度和相应肽链的折叠速率.在此基础上,分析了同义密码子使用偏性和相应肽链折叠速率之间的相关性,发现对于不同二级结构类的肽链片段,都有部分密码子的使用偏性与其对应的肽链折叠速率显著相关.因此,在蛋白质折叠中,同义密码子的使用偏性起着重要作用.     

八肋游仆虫eRF1a的C端是肽链释放因子eRF3的结合区(英文)

真核生物蛋白质合成终止需要两类肽链释放因子,eRF1和eRF3.研究表明八肋游仆虫的两类肽链释放因子在体内和体外都能形成复合物,且第一类肽链释放因子eRF1a与第二类肽链释放因子eRF3的C端结合.为了确定eRF3在eRF1a上的结合区,本研究以八肋游仆虫第一类肽链释放因子eRF1a基因为模板,用PCR的方法获得了N端分别截短140和206个氨基酸的eRF1a片段,同时在这两个片段的3'端融合了编码6个组氨酸残基的核苷酸序列,将这两个序列分别插入原核表达载体pTWIN1,并构建重组表达质粒pTWIN1-eRF1aC1 his6和pTWIN1-eRF1 aC2his6,转入大肠杆菌BL21( DE3)中获得了可溶性表达,通过一步His60 Ni Superflow柱亲和层析,重组蛋白CBD-intein-eRF1 aC1 his6和CBD-intein-eRF1aC2 his6获得纯化.体外pull down分析显示eRF1aC1和eRF1aC2均能与八肋游仆虫第二类释放因子eRF3相互作用,这表明八肋游仆虫eRF1a的C端是肽链释放因子eRF3的结合区.     

广义Fibonacci序列与Aitken变换的一点注记

本文建立一类广义Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ序列的比率与Ａｉｔｋｅｎ 变换的关系；不但推广了现有的结果，而且得到了Ｆｉ－ｂｏｎａｃｃｉ序列与Ｌｕｃａｓ序列之间的混合比率和Ａｉｔｋｅｎ 变换的巧妙联系     

广义Fibonacci序列的几个性质

本给出了广义Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ序列的一些性质,并且引进了相应的广义Ｌｕｃａｓ序列,讨论了这两种序列之间的关系。     

序列y_(n 2)=y_n y_(n 1)(n≥0)的同余性质

研究了Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｃｉ序列的有关问题，得到了Ｆｉｂｏｎａｃｉ序列的一个同余性质     

元江普通野生稻金属硫蛋白基因的获得和序列分析

对SMARTTM技术构建的元江普通野生稻叶片cDNA文库进行随机测序,获得了元江普通野生稻的金属硫蛋白基因cDNA序列.该序列全长525 bp,开放阅读框长186 bp,编码62个氨基酸,10个半胱氨酸集中分布在肽链的N端和C端,该蛋白的分子量为6.42 kD,理论等电点为5.21.氨基酸序列(Blastp)同源性分析表明该基因属于金属硫蛋白家族.     

蛋白质肽链的翻译后加工

综述了蛋白质翻译和翻译后所发生的诸多生化事件 :肽链的卷曲、肽链穿越 ER膜、肽链定位分拣、投送、肽链中残基的修饰及在蛋白质成熟过程中的作用和影响     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-