基于回归预测的遥感卫星数据云检测方法研究

将遥感卫星数据中的云数据与晴空数据分离出来是卫星资料研究的重要工作。利用MODIS第20通道的亮温数据,通过回归预测法及拉依达法则对某一沿海地区的遥感卫星数据进行云检测。将实验结果与未经处理的云数据进行对比,表明回归预测法对类似地区遥感卫星云数据的检测具有较高的有效性。该方法具有操作简便,处理时间短等优点,适用于类似地区处理大量数据的的场合。     

基于弱监督的VGG深度学习网络遥感影像云检测

大多遥感影像云检测方法中,训练数据需要对影像的每个像素进行标记,标记成本非常昂贵,为了减轻深度学习遥感影像云检测中人工劳动标记数据的成本,图像块标签代替像素标签进行深度学习训练。首先,将多种下垫面的遥感影像裁剪成图像块并标记,带有标签的图像块作为数据集;其次,块状的数据集训练改进VGG深度学习网络,训练好的网络对大型遥感影像进行云检测;最后,选取多种中分辨率卫星图像分别用改进VGG与VGG网络进行了云检测对比实验。结果表明：改进VGG遥感影像云检测方法能很好地检测出碎云和厚云,整个云区的精度都在90%以上。使用带标签的图像块,不仅减少了人工劳动,而且有效地进行遥感影像云检测,可为弱监督深度学习的遥感影像相关研究提供参考。     

面向像素级的遥感图像云分割算法

云遮挡对于非气象类遥感卫星的效能发挥具有重要影响,会导致卫星拍摄的遥感图像中无法显示有价值的地面信息,同时,大量无价值的数据下传还会极大的浪费卫星有限的数传资源。针对上述情况,结合星上在轨应用的相关要求,提出了一种基于低秩及稀疏约束制图的图像分割算法,将局部云纹理分布特征与低秩稀疏关联制图约束相结合。最后,通过对不同算法、不同地区、不同云覆盖程度的遥感图像块中的云区域进行分割实验与对比分析,结果表明算法可以在纹理特征空间中,有效捕获不同厚度云纹理的局部及全局结构化差异分布,从而产生更理想的云分割结果。而且在云分布更复杂的遥感图像中,还能有效分辨出厚云、薄云、无云3类像元,可为后续进一步对图像中云的处理提供支撑。     

MODIS数据的云检测处理

结合MODIS数据的通道特性,分析了云在不同波谱范围的光谱特性,提出了一种基于多光谱综合阈值法的简便新方法.该云检测算法从可见光反射率、热红外亮温出发,逐步建立云检测模板,实现分离云和晴空,通过对不同下垫面类型数据进行云检测检验,结果表明,该算法对中低纬度地区云检测处理有显著效果,尤其能够检测出可见光波段难以识别的薄卷云.该法可使遥感数据特别是MODIS数据在云检测领域的应用提高一个层次,进而提出的云区数据修补方法,使数据反演应用的精度提高更为显著.     

MODIS数据的云检测处理

结合MODIS数据的通道特性,分析了云在不同波谱范围的光谱特性,提出了一种基于多光谱综合阈值法的简便新方法.该云检测算法从可见光反射率、热红外亮温出发,逐步建立云检测模板,实现分离云和晴空,通过对不同下垫面类型数据进行云检测检验,结果表明,该算法对中低纬度地区云检测处理有显著效果,尤其能够检测出可见光波段难以识别的薄卷云.该法可使遥感数据特别是MODIS数据在云检测领域的应用提高一个层次,进而提出的云区数据修补方法,使数据反演应用的精度提高更为显著.     

基于多时相遥感数据的云阴影检测算法

云阴影检测是云检测中的一个重要环节,由于其光谱、纹理特征复杂,云阴影检测一直是云检测中面临的一大难题。本文针对传统云阴影检测方法的不足,提出一种基于多时相遥感数据支持的云阴影检测算法。该算法以同一区域相近时相或不同年份相近日期的卫星遥感地表反射率数据为参考,选取云阴影和典型地表样本点,对样本点进行统计分析,据其动态确定云阴影检测的阈值,并基于云阴影样本点去除土地利用/土地覆被变化对使用该方法进行云阴影检测造成的误判。基于Landsat8OLI数据,选择不同区域碎云、薄云和厚云产生的云阴影分析该方法的有效性,重点分析水体等容易与云阴影混淆的区域。结果表明,该方法能有效识别云阴影,具有较高的整体检测精度。     

基于卷积神经网络的场景级云分类算法

遥感图像受云层覆盖的影响,使得光学卫星拍摄的遥感图像中的大量地表或地物被云层遮挡,大量下传此类云覆盖图像则严重浪费卫星对地数传资源。面向遥感图像的在轨云判应用,根据星上对不同含云量场景级遥感图像块的不同处理策略,提出一种新的云覆盖度等级场景分类准则,利用该准则进一步提出基于深度卷积网络的云图像场景分类算法,将传统图像分割算法只计算整幅图像云占比来进行云判的方式,精细到局部场景的不同级别云判,为卫星数据下传提供更精细的指示信息,更有效的利用在轨拍摄资源。通过多组实验分析,同时考虑到星上计算资源的限制,确定了合适的训练样本数量和深度卷积网络,最终证明提出的算法可以实现局部场景不同级别的精准云判。     

基于地形图的西宁市遥感影像预处理方法试验

介绍了利用遥感图像处理软件ERDASIMAGING 8.6对西宁市卫星影像及地形图进行选择、几何精校正、图像合成、图像镶嵌的方法，结果表明：多项式法对地形较平坦地区的卫星影像纠正具有较高的精度，为遥感影像的进一步处理提供数据.     

云参数法干旱遥感监测模型在非洲地区的适应性研究

从云参数法干旱遥感监测模型的需求角度分析了欧洲静止气象卫星SEVIRI数据的应用潜力,并提出了一种适合该数据的多光谱云检测方法;利用云参数法干旱遥感监测模型进行非洲地区2009年底和2010年初的干旱监测,以月度降水和蒸散数据作为参考数据评估监测结果.研究结果表明:云参数法监测结果与参考数据在干旱程度与范围方面基本一致,相对精度高达83.88%,云参数法适合进行非洲地区的干旱监测.     

基于轻量化卷积神经网络模型的云与云阴影检测方法

大多数遥感影像数据不可避免地受到云层的污染导致数据的失效。因此,对云进行检测是非常必要的预处理步骤。随着航天技术的飞速发展,更加轻便的卫星被设计出来,为了在这些算力有限的微小卫星上配备遥感影像预处理模型。设计一种高精度、算力要求低的轻量化云与云阴影检测网络模型具有重要意义。针对上述问题,本研究提出一种基于深度可分离卷积的轻量化卷积神经网络模型（Lightweight M-shaped Network,L-MNet）,L-MNet网络模型是在M-Net（ M-shaped Network）网络模型的基础上引入深度可分离卷积（Depthwise Separable Convolution）,设计一种深度可分离卷积模块（DS-Conv Block）,以减小算法的复杂度及计算量。实验结果表明,本研究所提方法在保证检测精度的前提下,可以有效减小像素级云检测的模型大小及计算量,有助于实现微小卫星在轨云检测的任务。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.