水力旋流器单相和两相流实验研究

在实验室,对水力旋流器进行了清水实验,得出进口压力与进口流量、溢流流量、底流流量及分流比的关系曲线,预测了水力旋流器的生产能力,为确定旋流器操作参数的最佳配比提供了依据。同时对水力旋流器进行固液分离实验,得出进口压力与溢流和底流质量浓度及分离效率的关系曲线,并进行了分析。数值模拟与实验的分离效率比较,结果吻合。     

水力旋流器单相和两相流实验研究

在实验室,对水力旋流器进行了清水实验,得出进口压力与进口流量、溢流流量、底流流量及分流比的关系曲线,预测了水力旋流器的生产能力,为确定旋流器操作参数的最佳配比提供了依据.同时对水力旋流器进行固液分离实验,得出进口压力与溢流和底流质量浓度及分离效率的关系曲线,并进行了分析.数值模拟与实验的分离效率比较,结果吻合.     

基于正交设计的旋流管式除雾器性能的数值分析

随着国家工业烟气排放要求日益严格，针对折流板除雾器对粒径小于20μm的微细雾滴去除效率低的问题，设计了一种新型旋流管式除雾器。采用欧拉-拉格朗日的方法，对旋流管式除雾器内烟气的流动进行数值模拟，使用刚性球形水滴代替雾滴，采用RNG k-ε模型和离散相模型（DPM）模型进行连续相和离散相的交替耦合计算；研究了不同流速下旋流管式除雾器性能的变化；并在基于正交设计的模拟实验下研究旋流管式除雾器结构参数对除雾性能的影响。对基础结构旋流管式除雾器的模拟结果表明：在3～7 m/s的流速下对直径大于20μm的雾滴去除效率在99%以上；对直径在10～20μm的雾滴去除效率在86.5%以上；对直径在2～10μm的雾滴去除效率在51.3%以上；压降61.4～321.3 Pa，对微细雾滴的去除效率有显著提升。通过分析正交模拟试验结果，得到扭转角度（a）的增大和单管直径（d）的减小有利于提高雾滴的去除效率；随着a的增大、d的增大、H的减小会加大烟气流过除雾器的压降；得出了参数范围内以2～10μm除雾效率为指标的最佳结构d=100 mm,H=2 000 mm,a=900°；以10～20μm除雾效率为指标的最佳结...     

液-液旋流分离管结构选型实验研究

分别以粒级分离效率和压力损失为指标 ,对 3种入口件、5种溢流管、5种分离腔以及 5种入口截面所构成的数十种旋流管结构方案进行了实验研究 ,由此开发出一种新型即双锥单柱形液液旋流分离管 ,其与常规双锥双柱形旋流管的区别主要是变柱形尾管为锥形尾管 ,改善了旋流管下游的流场分布条件 ,延长了液流在旋流管中的停留时间 ,降低了管内压力损失 ,使相同条件下旋流管的临界分离粒径由后者的 6 0 μm 减少到 30 μm,管内压力损失由后者的0 .30 MPa降低到 0 .2 0 MPa,从而既突破了现有液液旋流分离管的结构限制 ,在分离特性和压力特性方面也有所改进     

油气分离器分离特性的数值模拟

为了分析油气分离器在极端工况下(-20℃,0.2 MPa)的分离特性,通过数值模拟研究了筒体长度、出口管径、导流叶片上端与进口的距离以及旋流管件附件设置等参数对分离效果的影响,结果表明:筒体过长时,分离器下方旋流被显著削弱,筒体长度为950 mm时分离效果最佳;出口的管径过小或管内设有螺旋叶片将增大压降,出口气流流速增大导致逃逸的液滴也增多,出口管直径为60 mm时分离效果最佳;导流叶片上端位于进口中心线下方且与之距离等于进口直径时分离效果良好。通过数值模拟分析油气分离器的结构参数与部件设置对分离性能的影响,为开发高效油气分离器提供一定参考。     

叶片进口安放角对液力透平性能的影响

针对叶片进口安放角对液力透平性能影响规律认识不足的问题,架设一开式液力透平实验台,对一单级蜗壳式液力透平进行实验研究.采用结构化网格技术对该液力透平进行全流场数值计算与分析,将数值结果与实验结果相结合,验证数值计算的准确性.对不同进口安放角的叶轮进行数值研究.研究结果表明:随着叶片进口安放角的增加,液力透平小流量工况的效率有所下降,大流量工况的效率有所增加;透平的扬程和轴功率随着进口安放角的增加而增加;叶轮内部的功率损失是透平内部主要的功率损失;当叶片安放角增加时,小流量工况的功率损失有所增加,大流量工况下的功率损失有所减小;大流量工况下随着叶轮进口安放角的增加,进口液流冲角逐渐减小,因此,透平在大流量工况下功率损失减小,效率提高.     

液-液旋流分离管湍流流场的数值模拟

采用雷诺应力模型(RSM)对一种旋流管内部的单相流动进行了湍流数值模拟。通过数值计算得到了旋流管内部流动的速度矢量分布情况,计算结果与经典文献资料吻合,证明了模型的正确,为进一步数值模拟打下了基础。     

双进口双锥旋流管湍流流场的数值模拟

采用湍流Girimaji非线性模型对双进口双锥旋流管内部湍流流场进行数值模拟。得到了该旋流管流场不同截面上的速度矢量分布情况和压力分布图，初步揭示了旋流管内部流场的分布规律。     

600MW超临界W火焰锅炉流动不稳定性数值分析

建立了适用于超临界锅炉流动不稳定性分析的通用数值计算模型,编写了以Fortran语言为基础的流动不稳定性数值计算程序,对程序进行验证后,采用时域法对600 MW超临界W火焰锅炉的流动不稳定性进行了模拟。计算得到了W火焰锅炉的水动力特性曲线,并研究了系统参数对其动态流动不稳定性的影响。结果表明:该模型对模拟超临界水流动不稳定性具有一定的可靠性;在0.09~0.3kg/s的流量参数范围内,压降-流量特性曲线始终为单值关系,静态流动不稳定性不会发生;当进口压力由25MPa增大到27MPa或进口流量由0.091kg/s增加到0.1kg/s时,流量脉动的振幅逐渐减小,表明增加进口压力或进口流量锅炉的稳定性提高;当进口阻力系数由10减小到0.5或出口阻力系数由1增大到5时,流量脉动的振幅逐渐增大,表明减小进口阻力系数或增大出口阻力系数锅炉的稳定性降低。     

钛白酸解尾渣旋流分级数值模拟与实验研究

针对酸解尾渣旋流分级过程中分离精度较低的问题,采用数值模拟和实验验证的方式对工艺进行优化。模拟研究表明:当进口速度为1.78 m/s时,高钛品位的粗颗粒的回收效率是91.1%,TiO2回收率偏低;当进口速度为2.78m/s时,杂质细颗粒的分离效率是62.9%,显著降低。为保证高分离精度,进口速度需控制在2.28m/s。进一步研究表明,当进口速度为2.28m/s时,分级后溢流产物的体积平均粒径(D[4,3])为9.2μm,底流产物的体积平均粒径可达43.6μm,有90.3%的杂质细颗粒得到脱除,二氧化钛回收率可达59.3%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to