HDDR钕铁硼材料各向异性产生的机制

研究了NdFeB铸态粉末及HDDR工艺处理过程中不同阶段材料的显微结构、磁性能和各向异性产生的机理. 发现NdFeB铸态粉末的各向异性均大于HDDR NdFeB材料的各向异性. 随歧化时间延长HDDR NdFeB材料的各向异性单调下降,最终消失,说明HDDR NdFeB材料的各向异性来源于对铸态粉末各向异性的继承;短时间的歧化处理有助于材料获得各向异性;柱状歧化组织作为各向异性的传递介质,以位向关系的方式,将各向异性由铸态粉末传递到了经HDDR处理后的NdFeB粉末.     

HDDR NdFeB磁粉两步法伴温磁场取向制备高性能柔性各向异性NdFeB黏结磁体

利用高性能吸氢-歧化-脱氢-再复合(HDDR)NdFeB各向异性磁粉,通过两步法伴温磁场取向工艺制备高性能柔性各向异性NdFeB黏结磁体,重点研究了两步法伴温磁场取向工艺制备出不同成分配比磁体的磁性能和力学性能.结果发现:制备出磁体的取向度有大幅度提高,当成分配比(质量分数)为96.5%磁粉+1%偶联剂+2.5%黏结体系的磁体在120℃加热保温30 min磁场取向后,磁能积达到97 kJ.m-3,而磁体的矫顽力最大降幅只有1.3%,论证了两步法伴温磁场取向工艺制备柔性各向异性NdFeB黏结磁体在实际生产的可行性.环氧树脂润滑剂的加入使得制备出磁体的延伸率和柔性均大幅度下降,并且加入量越多,下降幅度越大,因此环氧树脂润滑剂最大加入量不应超过1%(质量分数).     

NdFeCoBZrGa合金各向异性磁粉的制备

HDDR(氢化-歧化-脱氢-再结合)工艺是一种用于生产各向异性Nd2Fe14B基磁粉的有效方法.主要研究了真空HDDR工艺(即合金在真空中以较快速率加热到820℃左右,然后在一定的氢气压力下吸氢歧化)及添加合金元素Ga对Nd13Fe64.4-yCo16B6.5Zr0.1Gay(y=0.1,0.3,0.5,1.0)合金磁性能的影响规律.结果表明,真空HDDR工艺的吸氢歧化阶段是促使材料产生磁各向异性的关键,脱氢阶段采用低真空高温制度是材料获得高各向异性的保证;合金元素Ga有助于细化主相晶粒,提高材料的综合磁性能,其最佳原子分数添加量为0.5%;成分为Nd13Fe63.9Co16B6.5Zr0.1...     

低熔点元素及合金改性HDDR钕铁硼磁粉的研究进展

氢化-歧化-脱氢-再复合(HDDR)工艺是制备各向异性钕铁硼(NdFeB)磁粉的主要方法.但HDDR磁粉实际矫顽力(H_C)较低,重稀土元素Dy的引入可以显著提高其H_C,经研究发现引入的Dy主要分布于磁体晶界,起调控晶界相的作用:增加晶界厚度,提高磁粉的各向异性场(H_A).但重稀土元素Dy自然资源匮乏且价格昂贵,限制了HDDR磁粉的发展.为减少磁粉中重稀土元素用量、降低成本,研究人员通过晶界扩散低熔点元素及合金来替代重稀土元素Dy,因低熔点物质在扩散过程中呈液相,提高了扩散介质与晶界相的接触面积及扩散系数,有利于其沿晶界扩散并调控晶界相,使磁粉H_C提高.对近些年晶界扩散低熔点元素及合金提高HDDR-NdFeB磁粉H_C的部分研究成果进行了归纳.     

HDDR法制备高矫顽力NdFeB粘结磁体途径

通过HDDR法制备出内禀矫顽力达到15KOe的NdFeB各向同性粘结磁体，探讨了温度、时间、抽速等工艺参数时获取高矫顽力的作用，并对原始晶粒尺寸的影响作了初步研究。     

新型永磁材料的研究

本文综述了我们对强各向异性永磁材料的研究结果．通过对各向异性稀土．铁氮永磁材料的结构和磁性的关系研究,利用速凝等技术实现对反磁化形核场的控制,获得了单晶颗粒型稀土铁氮化物,进而实现了高矫顽力和高磁能积．开发的稀土铁氮磁粉最大磁能积达到40MGOe以上．发现了HDDRNd2Fel4B各向异性形成的关键机制在于歧化阶段形成的具有“耗散结构特征”的柱状歧化微结构,据此提出了可以稳定生产高性能各向异性Nd—Fe．B的HDDR工艺,成功制备了磁能积为27MGOe的三元Nd—Fe—B磁粉和41MGOe多元Nd—Fe．B磁粉．同时还发现可以通过调控其微观结构来实现提高HDDR磁粉的矫顽力．另外利用铁磁Mn基材料强磁各向异性的特点,在无稀土永磁材料方面开发了纳米结构且具有反常矫顽力温度系数的MnBi磁体．上述成果的取得为高性能各向异性稀土粘结磁体的产业化提供了可能．     

氢化处理制备纳米镁合金粉末

为了细化AZ91镁合金晶粒,采用氢化-歧化-脱氢-重组(HDDR)处理了镁合金粉末。研究了不同氢化温度、氢压和氢化时间对AZ91镁合金粉末HDDR过程的影响,探讨了AZ91镁合金HDDR过程的晶粒细化机制。分别用粉末X射线衍射、光镜、扫描电镜和透射电子显微镜来表征粉末的微观结构转变。结果表明,AZ91镁合金粉末最低的氢化温度是350℃,随着温度的增加、氢压的提高和氢化时间的延长,氢化反应的程度不断增加,直到粉末完全氢化,粉末最佳的HDDR过程参数是在450℃、4MPa氢压下氢化12h后,在350℃真空中脱氢4h;氢化脱氢后的粉末形貌为薄片状,大小与原始粉末相当;在最佳HDDR参数下,AZ91镁合金粉末的晶粒大小从100μm细化到了20nm。晶粒细化的过程表明,在HDDR的全过程中都有晶粒细化发生,其中较大程度的细化发生在脱氢重组过程中。     

HD处理烧结磁体制备各向异性NdFeB磁粉

研究了通过吸氢破碎(HD)处理由烧结NdFeB磁体制取各向异性磁粉的方法.实验结果表明:HD处理温度是该处理过程中的关键参数,对于最终获得的各向异性磁粉的矫顽力具有显著的影响,同时HD处理温度的变化决定了烧结磁体破碎过程中的断裂方式.当HD处理温度为220℃时,磁体主要以沿晶断裂方式破碎,再经过950℃温度下的热处理,获得的各向异性磁粉的矫顽力达到490kA/m.     

HDD法粘结NdFeB磁体的磁性能

研究了NdFeB合金成分，均匀化处理和HDD处理脱氢过程对磁末及粘结磁体磁性能的影响，实验表明，HDD法制备的NdFeB粉末具有较好的温度稳定性和时间稳定性。     

微结构对HDDR Nd-Fe-B永磁合金矫顽力的影响

研究了HDDR工艺制备的Nd-Fe-B永磁合金的晶粒界面微结构对各向异性和矫顽力的影响．考虑到其磁粉晶粒界面的特殊微结构,提出了同时受界面结构缺陷和交换耦合相互作用影响的各向异性理论模型．计算了成核和钉扎机制的结构缺陷因子随2r0llex（r0和lex分别为晶粒表面缺陷厚度和交换耦合长度）的变化．结果表明,HDDR Nd-Fe-B永磁合金的矫顽力机制与晶粒界面微结构的缺陷有关：在lex确定的条件下,当2r0llex〈1．67时,决定矫顽力的主要机制是畴壁钉扎;当2r0llex〉1．67时,决定矫顽力的主要机制是反磁化成核．当2r0llex=1．67时,矫顽力出现最大值,并与Morimoto等人的实验结果符合很好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.