烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

具有良好可再生性的新型二氧化硅磁性氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料

Graphene oxide (GO) wrapped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by coating the Fe₃O₄ NPs with a SiO₂ layer, and then modifying by amino groups, which interact with the GO nanosheets to form covalent bonding. The SiO₂ coating layer plays a key role in integrating the magnetic nanoparticles with the GO nanosheets. The effect of the amount of SiO₂ on the morphology, structure, adsorption, and regenerability of the composites was studied in detail. An appropriate SiO₂ layer can effectively induce the GO nanosheets to completely wrap the Fe₃O₄ NPs, forming a core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO composite where Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ NPs are firmly encapsulated by GO nanosheets. The optimized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO sample exhibits a high saturated adsorption capacity of 253 mg·g?1 Pb(II) cations from wastewater, and the adsorption process is well fitted by Langmuir adsorption model. Notably, the composite displays excellent regeneration, maintaining a ~90% adsorption capacity for five cycles, while other samples decrease their adsorption capacity rapidly. This work provides a theoretical guidance to improve the regeneration of the GO-based adsorbents.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

汞形态分析的检测仪器联用技术的现状与展望

目前,用干汞形态分析的方法不多,有些方法的灵敏度较低,有些方法操作繁琐且样品和试剂易沾污,也有些方法仪器昂贵、操作费用高。本文通过大量文献的查阅,对汞形态分析检测仪器联用技术的现状及理想的检测仪器进行了综述性的报导。     

汞形态分析的检测仪器联用技术的现状与展望

目前，用于汞形态分析的方法不多，有些方法的灵敏度较低，有些方法操作繁琐且样品和试剂易沾污，也有些方法仪器昂贵、操作费用高。本文通过大量文献的查阅，对汞形态分析检测仪器联用技术的现状及理想的检测仪器进行了综述性的报导．     

微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法测汞的评价

本文采用超声雾化进样,以水冷凝和浓硫酸吸收结合去溶,以常压低功率Ar微波等离子体炬为激发源研究了汞的测定,讨论了各种实验条件对汞发射强度的影响,给出了方法的检出限、精密度和线性范围,并将其用于实际样品和标准样品分析,结果令人满意。     

微波消解氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定农产品产地土壤中的痕量汞

将微波消解技术应用于氢化物 原子荧光光谱法中测定土壤中的痕量汞.对实验条件进行了优化,改进了传统消解方法中试剂用量大、手续繁琐、易交叉感染等不足.该方法具有速度快、灵敏度高、精密度和准确度较好等特点,用于农产品产地土壤中痕量汞的测定,结果令人满意.     

草酸铵结晶紫染液中污染细菌的培养特性

介绍了检出和培养草酸铵结晶紫染液中污染菌的基本方法，污染菌的形态及其生物学特征。     

一种西夫碱化合物的合成及其在汞测定中的应用

合成一种新西夫碱2-氨基-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑水杨亚胺(MTYMP),用常规法对其结构进行表征.该化合物在300 nm激发下,在410 nm处有强荧光峰,与汞离子可形成稳定的配合物而使其荧光猝灭.据此,该化合物可作为测定汞的荧光试剂,建立一个荧光猝灭测定微量汞的新方法,汞离子的含量在4.0~100.0μg·L-1范围内与试剂的荧光熄灭值呈线性关系,方法的检出限为0.315μg·L-1.该方法应用于废水中微量汞的测定,结果满意.     

冷原子吸收法测定水样汞含量时应注意的问题

从测定用试剂的处理,样品的保存、影响测定结果的因素分析等方面讨论了用冷原子吸收法测定水样汞含量时应注意的一些问题。     

以硝酸汞为沉淀剂ICP—AES间接测定药物中的苯巴比妥

本文提出了以硝酸汞为沉淀剂,ICP-AES间接测定药物中的苯巴比妥新方法。硝酸汞与苯巴比妥反应生成沉淀,然后测定溶液中的汞。间接测得待测物(苯巴比妥)的含量。本方法线性范围0.015～1mg/mL,RSD为0.8％(n=10),大量的碱金属和碱土金属不干扰测定,回收率为98％。     

天然气中汞的直接测定方法

针对国内外尚无针对含油、含水较多井口天然气或处理厂原料气汞含量检测标准的问题,为消除芳香烃干扰的影响,结合天然气中几乎全部为单质汞的特点,提出了天然气中汞的直接测定方法;该方法首先测得带有干扰影响的检测值,然后再将天然气通过特殊的汞过滤器,该过滤器只对天然气中的汞有吸附作用而对干扰物无吸附作用,这样就可得到仅有干扰物影响的检测值,两者相减即为真实的天然气汞含量。研究表明,该方法不仅具有很好的稳定性和可对比性,而且操作简便,便于推广使用;不仅适用于产品气,而且适用于含油、含水较多的井口天然气和处理厂原料气。     

L-半胱氨酸在玻碳汞膜电极上的直接和间接测定

研究了玻碳汞膜电极上L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)的直接和间接测定方法,并建立了间接和直接测定的最佳条件.在pH=4.56的缓冲溶液中L-Cys于-0.44 V处有一灵敏的不可逆的循环扫描还原峰,其峰电流与L-Cys的浓度在1×10-6～1×10-4 mol/L内呈良好线性关系(r=0.998 9).另外,根据L-Cys在适当的pH条件下与铜离子的络合作用,通过阳极溶出伏安法测定Cu2+来间接测定L-Cys的含量,本法L-Cys浓度在2×10-7～3×10-6 mol/L内呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 2).2种方法可成功地用于合成样品中L-Cys的测定.