一种新型钻石形超宽带天线的设计与实现

设计一种新型钻石形超宽带天线,该天线印刷在介电常数为4.4的FR4介质板上,尺寸为26mm×24mm×0.8mm.设计过程中对天线辐射贴片进行两次优化,并利用阶梯化接地板的方法对天线进行优化.实验结果表明,该天线可在2.0~14.5GHz内实现电压驻波比VSWR≤2的带阻特性,相对带宽为151%,且具有结构简单和小形化等优点,可应用于各种超宽带(UWB)系统中.     

一种基于CRLH传输线的圆极化微带天线

提出了一种利用复合左右手传输线(CRLH TL)来设计小型圆极化贴片天线的方法。采用在天线地板刻蚀逆开口谐振环(CSRR)实现并联电感以及在贴片中央开槽实现串联电容。由于CSRR能够有效降低+1阶模式谐振频率,因此,可以缩小天线电尺寸。同时,由于CSRR的不对称性产生的寄生模式与+1阶模式相互正交,通过调整贴片中央的圆形宽缝可以使二者幅度相等,故而形成圆极化辐射。实验结果表明:该圆极化天线电尺寸为0.389λg×0.389λg,阻抗带宽和轴比带宽分别为16.08%和1.52%,该天线用50Ω微带线直接馈电,不需要阻抗变换线和接地过孔,易于设计加工。     

耦合馈电小型圆极化高增益RFID阅读器天线

提出了一种圆极化高增益超高频射频识别(RFID)阅读器天线。天线为微带结构,由分别印制在上下两层介质基板上的辐射贴片、L形馈电结构、接地面、四个短路加载小贴片等组成。采用在辐射贴片中心蚀刻十字形槽,L形结构耦合馈电,在天线四角加载短路小贴片等方法,实现了天线的圆极化和高增益。天线总尺寸为160mm×160mm×21.6mm(0.49λ0×0.49λ0×0.066λ0,λ0为中心频率915MHz在自由空间中对应的波长),实测|S11≤-10dB的频率覆盖范围为896-993MHz,轴比小于3dB的频率覆盖范围为902-940MHz,覆盖频段内最大增益8.5dBi。本文设计的天线易加工、成本低、圆极化、增益高,可以很好的应用在各种RFID系统的测试环境中。     

环形地共面波导馈电的超宽带天线设计

设计了一个新型的超宽带天线.天线由一个圆环内部带两个三角的的结构作为地面,环形地内部是一个矩形的贴片的辐射器.天线采用共面波导馈电.在设计过程中使用时域有限差分方法对天线尺寸进行仿真和优化,测试结果显示在3.0-11GHz的范围内天线的反射损耗小于-10dB.     

基于非对称结构的阅读器小型天线

本文提出一种新型小型化RFID阅读器天线。该天线利用单点馈电,通过调节贴片上非对称八边形孔隙的半径实现圆极化,通过调节缝隙的长度,调节天线的谐振频率点。该种新型RFID手持阅读器微带天线的中心频率为915MHz,增益达到3.8dB。这种新天线具有紧凑的特点,该天线的尺寸为0.2714λ×0.2714λ×0.00136λ。     

阻抗带宽超过21∶1的印刷单极天线

介绍一种具有极宽带特性的印刷单极天线，该天线由椭圆单极贴片和共面的梯形导体地板组成，通过位于地板中央的渐变共面波导来馈电.仿真和实验结果表明，该天线获得了21.6∶1的比带宽(VSWR≤2)，覆盖频率范围0.41～8.86 GHz，并具有良好的全向辐射特性，而其面积仅为0.19λl×0.16λl(λl为最低工作频率时的波长).     

具有带阻特性的可穿戴超宽带单极子天线的研究

为降低窄带信号对超宽带的干扰,对具有带阻特性的超宽带天线进行了研究,提出了一种对WiMAX频段具有带阻特性的超宽带单极子天线.该天线采用了聚四氟乙烯玻璃纤维柔性材料作为介质基板,以铜作为辐射贴片和接地板材料,通过在天线的辐射贴片上刻蚀出开口谐振环,使得天线在3.25-3.9 GHz频段出现阻带,有效抑制了WiMAX无线通信(工作频段为3.3-3.7 GHz)窄带信号对超宽带的干扰.天线的整体尺寸为32 mm×40 mm×0.8 mm.仿真分析结果表明,天线带宽为2.7-12.3 GHz,阻带为3.25-3.9 GHz,实现了辐射方向图H面的全向特性和E面稳定性.通过建立人体组织模型,改变天线与人体的距离对天线工作特性进行对比分析,验证了可穿戴天线的可行性.     

应用于无线局域网的低剖面宽带双频微带天线的设计

提出一种应用于无线局域网(WLAN)的低剖面单馈双频宽带微带天线.该天线辐射贴片由三个矩形连接桥连接内外两块辐射贴片构成,并在U型外贴片上加载一根短路探针,通过加载连接桥和短路探针拓展天线的工作带宽.微带天线介质基片由上下两层FR4介质板和中间空气层组成,剖面高度为0.042λ.测试结果表明,天线回波损耗大于10 d B的工作带宽分别为2.39~2.50 GHz和5.02~5.87 GHz,在两频段中心频率2.45和5.5 GHz时增益分别为6.14和8.82 d Bi.该天线剖面低,增益高,能够完全覆盖IEEE 802.11a/b/n/ac标准所规定的工作频段,具有较好的工程应用价值.     

具有双陷波特性的类Sierpinski分形超宽带天线的设计

为避免窄带通信系统对超宽带(ultra-wideband,UWB)系统的干扰冲突,提出一款具有双陷波特性的新型类Sierpinski分形超宽带天线的设计方法.天线采用由2个正六边形与圆形嵌套迭代而成的3阶类Sierpinski分形结构作为辐射贴片,并采用截短矩形两侧去切角且中间去矩形的缺陷地结构作为天线的接地板,实现了良好的超宽带特性.通过在天线辐射贴片上引入对称倒钩形开路枝节以及在微带线贴片上开倒U形槽,实现了3.6～4.3 GHz和7.2～7.8 GHz的双陷波特性.该天线尺寸仅为25 mm×18 mm×1.6 mm.仿真与实测结果表明:天线在3.3～16.4 GHz的频段内,同时可以滤除C波段卫星通信和X波段卫星通信系统的干扰.除2个陷波频段外,该天线具有较好的全向辐射特性和稳定的增益,适用于各种超宽带通信系统中.     

Y形缝隙加载小型化超宽带Vivaldi端射天线

针对常规Vivaldi天线尺寸大、低频段前向辐射增益低的问题,设计了一款覆盖2.7~18.3GHz的小型化高增益超宽带端射天线。该天线通过在辐射贴片两侧加载Y形缝隙的方法,将天线表面电流汇聚于槽线附近,使天线的辐射特性明显提高。改善天线的阻抗匹配特性,展宽天线带宽,提高天线的增益,增强天线端射效果,天线的尺寸仅为25mm×25mm×1mm,实现了小型化。低频部分(2.7~8GHz)增益比原始天线提高最大值为3.5dB。通过天线实物的加工和测试,进一步验证了设计的可靠性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.