模拟退火算法在减速器类产品布局中的应用

为解决减速器类产品强约束的三维布局问题，利用模拟退火算法进行了减速器类产品布局设计，并通过实例分析了产品布局设计中模拟退火算法各参数的取值问题．模拟退火法能够将产品布局方案必须满足的约束条件加入到评价函数中并进行松弛处理．结果表明，随着每个温度下循环次数的增大，当接受概率为0．85，退火调度为0．95时，布局结果明显改善．     

基于MATLAB的模拟退火算法的实现

阐述了模拟退火算法的基本原理及实现过程，运用MATLAB语言实现了该算法．并将其运用到解决旅行商问题的优化之中．数值仿真的结果表明了该方法能够对函数进行全局寻优，有效克服了基于导数的优化算法容易陷入局部最优的问题．该方法既可以增加对MATLAB语言的了解又可以加深对模拟退火过程的认识，并达到以此来设计智能系统的目的．     

基于遗传模拟退火算法的漏磁缺陷重构

通过将模拟退火技术加到遗传算法（GA）的变异运算中，提出一种遗传模拟退火算法（genetic-simulated—annealing—algorithm，GSAA），并且提出一种基于GSAA的逆算法，用于从漏磁信号中重构二维缺陷．该算法中，径向基函数神经网络（RBFNN）用作前向模型，GSAA用于求解逆问题中的优化问题．实验结果表明，同基于GA的逆算法相比，基于GSAA的逆算法更精确，并且对噪声更具鲁棒性．     

最优模糊神经网络参数的设计--混沌模拟退火学习法

提出了一种新型优化算法———混沌模拟退火学习法,将混沌算法和模拟退火算法相结合学习模糊神经网络的结构和参数。首先将混沌变量引入模糊神经网络参数的优化搜索中,利用混沌变量的遍历性寻优,根据性能指标寻找较优的模糊神经网络控制器,然后在混沌优化确定的网络基础上,把经混沌搜索后得到的全局次优解作为模拟退火学习算法的初始值,再用模拟退火方法进一步学习网络的隶属函数和权值参数,找到一个全局最优的网络。仿真结果表明:混沌模拟退火学习法优于传统优化方法,其控制结果具有精度高、超调小和响应快的优点,为解决模糊神经网络控制器参数全局最优设计提供了一种切实有效的方法。     

基于模拟退火的Hopfield网全局优化方法

为了改进Hopfield神经网络在多极点函数优化和组合优化中存在的某些缺陷,并影响着一些优化问题求解中的正确性和有效性的现实问题,将模拟退火智能优化算法与Hopfield神经网络有机结合,优势互补,提出了一种基于模拟退火的Hopfield神经网络混合全局优化算法(SA-HNN),新算法很大程度上避免了Hopfield神经网络优化陷入局部极小的缺陷,同时兼顾了算法的效率.通过典型的多极点函数优化和TSP组合优化问题求解,实验表明:SA-HNN混合优化算法具有帮助Hopfield网络摆脱局部极小点的能力并能得到较好的结果,有一定的工程实用价值.     

基于混合模拟退火算法的内窥镜布局优化设计

工程中存在着大量的布局设计问题,很多都是NPC问题,很难求解。提出了以启发式方法和模拟退火算法相结合的混合算法,可用于带性能约束的布局优化设计问题。在实例中将胶囊式内窥镜空间布局问题转化为轴向截面和横截面两个平面问题分别求解,对于轴向截面的离散变量问题,首先采用启发式方法进行元件层初始序列的排布,再采用模拟退火算法进行布局优化;在横截面上对连续变量则直接进行优化。优化结果经验算合理有效,该算法也可供旋转舱等工程布局优化问题借鉴。     

复杂工程问题全局优化算法研究

分析了遗传算法,模拟退火算法与神经网络等近年来广泛应用于复杂工程问题优化的全局优化算法各自的特点与其全局优化能力,指出如何针对其特点进行改进以达到更佳效果,深入研究了复杂工程问题优化的关键技术－目标函数与约束条件建立方法,最后,展望了全局优化算法与复杂工程问题优化技术的发展趋势。     

多机系统中电力系统稳定器与可控串联补偿器阻尼控制器的协调设计

针对电力系统稳定器（power system stabilizer，PSS）和可控串联补偿器（thyristor controlled series compensators，TCSC）的附加阻尼控制器能分别有效阻尼机间振荡和区域振荡的特点，提出一种采用单纯形-模拟退火法对PSS和TCSC阻尼控制器进行协调优化的设计方法．该方法结合单纯形算法局部搜索速度快和模拟退火算法全局搜索能力强的优点，将单纯形算法作为模拟退火算法的局部寻优算子，以增强算法的搜索能力和效率．同时，优化中使用的目标函数考虑了系统多种典型运行方式下的机电振荡模态性能，因而设计出的阻尼控制器具有较强的鲁棒性．在4机11节点电力系统上运用该优化方法完成了阻尼控制器的协调设计．特征值分析和非线性时域仿真结果显示，使用该方法设计的PSS和TCSC阻尼控制器对不同的运行方式都能有效抑制系统低频振荡．此外，算例分析结果证实了单纯形-模拟退火算法搜寻能力高、不强烈依赖初始值选择的优点。     

工程结构优化设计研究进展

对工程结构优化设计进行了综述,系统介绍了不确定性优化、形状优化、拓扑优化、多目标优化、系统优化等现代工程结构优化设计以及遗传算法、模拟退火算法、神经网络算法等现代仿生学寻优新方法及其应用,指出寻求目标函数和约束函数的高精度近似显式解析式和对最优准则法、数学规划法及仿生学算法进行改进、组合是工程结构优化算法发展的主要方向...     

求解带性能约束凸多边形布局的混合算法

针对带性能约束的凸多边形布局问题,设计了一种波纹探测启发式定位算法(REHA),并将其与广义模拟退火算法(GSA)相结合,形成混合算法.波纹探测启发式算法模拟波纹的现象,以圆形容器的圆心为中心,构造同心圆,逐步增大同心圆半径向外探测,根据同心圆与质心临界多边形的交来确定布局物的放置位置.该算法同时兼顾布局问题的紧凑性和静平衡约束,是一种定位启发式方法,其解的质量受布局顺序的影响.利用广义模拟退火算法优化布局顺序,形成混合算法,并将其与经典的模拟退火算法作分析对比,数值试验验证了提出算法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.