泥炭对印染废水的脱色处理研究

研究了泥炭对模拟印染废水的脱色处理问题,探讨了各种因素对脱色效果的影响。实验结果表明：在较宽的pH值范围内,泥炭均表现出良好的脱色性能,在加入量分别为80mg／100mL和65mg／100mL时,泥炭对活性嫩黄K-6G和活性深蓝K—R模拟废水的脱色率分别达到84．6％和86％。其吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温式和Freundlich吸附等温式。     

絮凝-吸附组合工艺处理工厂高浓染料废水

采用絮凝-吸附组合工艺对工厂高浓的染料废水进行处理,系统考察絮凝剂的种类和用量,吸附剂的种类、用量、吸附时间和温度对染料废水的脱色率和浊度去除率的影响。实验结果表明：絮凝剂聚合AlCl3的效果优于FeCl3,聚合AlC13投放量为0．0375kg／L时,脱色率达到90．2％;絮凝后的清液经不同吸附剂进行脱色处理,活性炭的脱色效果优于盐泥和凹凸棒土吸附剂,在20℃的室温下,活性炭的投放量为0．0113kg／L时,吸附脱色约120min,染料废水的脱色率和浊度去除率分别达到99．0％和96．1％。     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC，并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理。讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响。实验结果说明，ISDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150mg／L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大，同时投加量增加可能引起废水COD。的提高，需控制适当的投加量范围，在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染。染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响，对实验中涉及的几种活性染料，活性基团数目越多，絮凝脱色量越小。在pH4～8的范围内，活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83．7％，99．39％，98．25％和82．13％。     

H2O2/Fe3+系统氧化活性染料废水的研究

采用H2O2／Fe^3 系统对商业染料活性红(FN-2BL red)、活性蓝(C—R blue)和活性黄(C-2R yellow)配制的废水进行了脱色研究．结果表明,当染料质量浓度为400mg／L时,pH值为2．5,H2O2质量浓度为646mg／L,F^3 浓度是0．25mmol／L,反应温度在60℃,反应20min,3种活性染料废水的色度去除率均达到99％以上;在以上优化的脱色工艺条件下,通过正交试验以COD去除率为指标确定最佳降解工艺条件．结果表明,初始DH值为2．5,过氧化氢质量浓度对于活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水分别为850、782、646mg／L,Fe^3 浓度为1mmol／L,反应温度为60℃,反应60min．在最优工艺条件下,活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水的COD去除率分别达到93．6％、94．5％和96．3％．     

漆酶对直接耐晒蓝B2RL脱色性能的研究

利用灵芝粗漆酶对直接耐晒蓝B2RL染液脱色,采用单因素逐一优化法确定其最适反应条件。结果表明：在pH值7．0、温度50℃、漆酶用量2u／mL、染料质量浓度150mg／L条件下,漆酶对直接耐晒蓝B2RL脱色反应4h后脱色率达到71．72％,反应24h后脱色率达到86．4％,脱色效果明显．研究为漆酶处理偶氮类染料废水提供了理论依据．     

零价铁法处理活性艳橙X-GN染料废水

为解决零价铁法处理效率偏低的问题,采用间歇试验的方法,以难絮凝脱色的水溶性活性艳橙X-GN为目标染料,分别考察了pH值、固液比、铁炭比、铁屑粒径、振摇速度等对含染料废水的色度和CODCr影响。研究结果表明:在pH值为6.0、固液比为100g/L、铁炭比(质量比)为50、铁屑粒径为5～10目、振摇速度为150r.min-1的最优条件下,当处理时间控制在90min时,活性艳橙X-GN染料废水的脱色率可达到98%,CODCr去除率可达到83%。从以上结果可见,零价铁法处理活性艳橙X-GN染料废水成本低廉,处理效果好,具有很好的应用前景。     

活性炭吸附法处理染料废水

研究了活性炭对染料废水色度和COD的去除率，考察了温度、pH值和活性炭量对废水脱色率的影响．结果表明．活性炭量是脱色率的主要影响因素．室温下．初始浓度为250mg／L时，处理酸性品红、碱性品红、活性黑B-133染料废水的活性炭最佳用量分别为0．8％、1．0％、2．0％．脱色率均在97％以上．COD去除率分别为63．28％、95．66％、84．62％．     

三维电极电化学法处理茜素红模拟染料废水的研究

用三维电极电化学方法对茜素红模拟染料废水进行降解实验．考察反应器电压、电解时间．支持电解质浓度及废水pH值等因素对降解效果的影响。实验结果表明,以不锈钢作阳极,多孔石墨作阴极,活性碳颗粒作粒电极,在槽电压40V,支持电解质NaCl浓度2g／L．pH值5．1的条件下,初始浓度为300mg／L的茜素虹模拟染料废水电解40min后,脱色率达96％以上,COD去除率达88％以上。     

恒电流下原位电生成活性氯氧化降解蒽醌染料

利用形稳阳极原位电生成活性氯,以活性艳蓝KN—R的两个特征波长（592nm和255nm）处吸光度为主要指标,对该染料的脱色及其母体结构氧化降解进行了对比分析．在15A／m^2电流密度、0．1mol／LNa2SO4、0．2mol／L NaCl、0．1mmol／L活性艳蓝KN—R、初始pH=6．4、T=303K的条件下,经4h的电解,可使染料100％脱色,45％左右的染料母体结构被破坏,但电解液的TOC变化不大．实验结果表明,电流密度、氯化钠浓度、染料浓度、温度对染料的脱色及其母体结构氧化降解有较强的影响;染料脱色及其母体结构氧化降解过程遵循准一级动力学．     

Fenton试剂与厌氧微生物结合处理模拟印染废水的研究

以活性艳红KD-8B溶液作为模拟印染废水,采用Fenton试剂法对其进行催化降解.考察了体系初始pH值、H2O2和FeSO4的投加量以及反应时间等因素对模拟废水的色度及COD去除率的影响,优化了反应条件.实验确定最佳反应条件为:室温下,pH=2.5,[Fe2+]=3.0 mmol/L,[H2O2]=39.2 mmol/L,反应时间40 min,30 mg/L的模拟染料废水脱色率和COD去除率分别达到96.6％和86.7％.Fenton试剂与厌氧微生物处理相结合的处理方式,可以显著提高模拟废水的色度和COD去除率,均达98％以上,尤其COD的去除率比单纯采用厌氧生物法和Fenton试剂法分别高出34.6％和13.1％.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-