利用初等变换求Pn中子空间的和与交的基

设P是任一数域,Pn是P上的n维行向量空间.对于Pn的由有限个向量生成的子空间V,W来说,利用初等变换将矩阵化为简化阶梯形矩阵,寻找子空间V W,V∩W的基的方法被探讨.     

阶梯形矩阵及其应用

在现行的线性代数教材中,一般都未对阶梯形矩阵进行详细的论述和定义,因而往往使人们对阶梯形矩阵的形状和应用比较忽视。本文着重给出阶梯形矩阵的一个确切定义,并应用它来处理线性代数中的几个重要问题。     

Moore—Penrose广义逆阵的计算

本文利用Mathematica计算Moore-Penrose广义逆矩阵,推广了文[1]中的最简阶梯形算法定量1,得到了一般阶梯形算法定量3,并指出了奇异值分解算法与函数PseudoInverse[m]的算法其结果是有差别的。     

实对称方阵的同时合同简化型与对角化

给出一半正定对称阵Ａ与一对称阵Ｂ的同时合同简化型，并给出较之两半正定对称阵更弱的条件，证明了两矩阵可同时合同对角化，从而在实数域上改进了已有文献的相应结果。     

两个复矩阵乘积的特征值估计

设Ａ，Ｂ是两个ｎ阶复矩阵，且ｒ（ＡＢ－ＢＡ）≤１，利用Ａ，Ｂ的特征值给出了乘积矩阵ＡＢ的特征值的取值范围，推广了关于可换Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｅ矩阵乘积的特征值估计的一些结果。     

群论在计算硅的TBA能带中的应用

本文根据紧束缚近似（ＴＢＡ）法导出了硅能带的哈密顿矩阵，并利用群论为工具对该能带的计算过程进行了简化．     

B样条基扩充节点的选择

样条在［ａ，ｂ］区间的Ｂ样条表示需要在区间（ａ，ｂ）外引进附加的节点．本文证明了，若选择所有的附加节点分别为端点ａ和ｂ，那么矩阵（Ｎｊ，ｋ）的范数可以达到最小．同时这样的选择可以简化算法．特别，人们可以用高斯主元消去法稳定地计算Ｂ样条系数，即使对应的矩阵并不全正，也不是对角优势的情况也是如此．     

一个矩阵方程的又一特征条件

给出了满足ＡＡ＝Ａ＾２Ｂ的特征条件，这里矩阵ＡＡ＾＊与Ｂ可交换，且Ｂ是非奇异的矩阵，这是文「１」的结果的推广。     

关于矩阵正定性判定的注记

该文利用Ｂｒｕａｌｄｉ关于矩阵特征值的估计，以及关于矩阵非奇异性定理，给出了判定矩阵正定性的若干结果。这些结果推广了强对角占优判定法。     

正定矩阵的块kronecker积的一些不等式

本文首先给出Ａ与Ｂ块的ｋｒｏｎｅｃｋｅｒ积为，其中Ａ＝（Ａｉｊ），Ｂ＝（Ｂｉｊ），ＡｉｊＢｉｊ表示Ａｉｊ与Ｂｉｊ的ｋｒｏｎｃｋｅｒ积。然后我们讨论了正定矩阵关于块ｋｒｏｎｅｃｋｅｒ积一些不等式，我们得到了如下重要结果：当Ａ，Ｂ是正定矩阵，则有（１）Ａ２□Ｂ２＞（Ａ□Ｂ）２，（２）Ａ－１□Ｂ－１≥（Ａ□Ｂ）－１。这些结果推广了文［１］的主要结论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.