如何看待室温效应与全球气温变化的关系

一、什么是温室效应大气对流层中的某些有害气体,如CO2、CH4、O3、N2O和CFC等的增加,引起地球平均气温上升的现象,称为温室效应。上述气体称为温室气体。太阳光辐射透过大气层,很少一部分被吸收,大部分到达地面。而地表又以红外辐射的形式向外辐射,被大气中的CO2等温室气体所吸收,从而阻止了     

谁是温室效应的最大元凶

本文综述了温室效应产生的原因,分析了产生温室效应的主要机理,以及引起温室效应的主要气体,并分析各气体理化性质,介绍它们影响气温的过程以及温室气体对环境带来的影响。倡导通过科学的方法来处理目前全球的温室效应。     

温室效应及其对全球大气环境的影响

本文论述了温室效应的产生和发展,分析了温室气体在温室效应中的作用以及温室效应对全球环境的影响。     

温室气体及常用研究方法

温室气体是指大气中能够引起温室效应的气体成分,主要包括水汽、CO_2、CH_4、N_2O以及由人类活动产生的氟利昂或氯氟烃类化合物(CFCs)、氢代氯氟烃累化合物(HCFCs)、氢氟碳化合物(HFCs)、全氟碳化合物(PFCs)、六氟化硫(SF6)等物质。近几十年来人类活动对CO_2、CH_4、N_2O的影响较大,导致其浓度不断升高,被认为是最重要的三种温室气体。主要介绍了大气中三种最重要的温室气体和常用研究方法,以及各种方法的优缺点,以期为今后温室气体研究提供参考。     

施用氮肥与生物炭对菜地净综合温室效应的影响

采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法,研究施用氮肥与生物炭对菜地周年净综合温室效应(net GWP)的影响。结果表明:施用氮肥可以显著增加菜地N2O累积排放量和净综合温室效应,增幅分别为31.2%~116.4%和38.9%~308.5%,对蔬菜产量和CH4累积排放量无显著影响,增加菜地温室气体强度(GHGI)52.1%~293.8%;施用生物炭能够显著减少菜地N2O的累积排放量和净综合温室效应,减幅分别为1.6%~24.4%和89.5%~701.1%,显著增加蔬菜总产量2.4%~34.5%,降低菜地温室气体强度。因此,在菜地施用生物炭既能保证蔬菜产量又能减少温室气体排放,是合适的增产减排措施。     

二氧化碳气体和植物

矿物燃料的大量使用和温室气体的非法排放,植被被破坏,导致大气中CO2浓度持续上升。CO2是具有温室效应的气体,同时也是植物光合作用的原料,它浓度的上升势必对地球上的植物产生深刻的影响。     

温室效应气体观测卫星IBUKI

温室效应气体观测卫星GOSAT,有一个形象的名字叫“IBUKI”意为“地球的气息”。为了推算大气层中温室气体的浓度,IBUKI装备了高精度的观测设备。它可以利用二氧化碳和甲烷等温室气体吸收特定波长红外线的特点,帮助人们更多地了解“地球的气息”。     

提高空调设定温度 减少温室气体排放

能源消耗增长意味着增加温室气体的排放 为了降低办公室和家庭中温室气体的排放，日本环境省针对全球变暖问题正在进行名为COOL BIZ的宣传活动。旨在提倡节约用于制冷的能耗，但又能凉爽度过夏天的生活方式。如果不穿西服，不系领带，可以使身体感觉温度下降2℃，因此，把房间空调的设定温度调高就可以节能，而且能削减温室效应气体的排放量。这个宣传活动的背景是因为近几年写字楼或家庭中温室气体的排放量大幅度增加。     

温室效应及气体水合化控制方法

温室气体大量排放引起的全球气候变暖问题日趋严峻,由此导致的温室效应正在严重地威胁着人类赖以生存的环境.运用水合物技术处理CO2和CH4这两种主要的温室气体是国际水合物界广泛关注的焦点.介绍了CO2置换法开采天然气水合物的技术,结合天然气和煤炭工业中CH4的主要排放途径分析了CH4的减排和资源化技术,阐述了天然气水合物的生成、分解工艺及储存的稳定性.利用带有搅拌装置的水合物实验系统研究了不同浓度煤层气的水合化过程,结果表明:在适当条件下不同浓度的煤层气均易形成水合物.通过对实验结果及文献资料的分析表明:运用水合物技术处理温室气体在技术上是可行的.文章最后指出了水合物技术在处理温室气体方面应加强研究的内容.     

我国未来能源发展战略:发展新能源及高效节能的新技术新产品

2月16日《京都议定书》的正式生效,这是人类历史上首次以法规的形式限制温室气体排放,意味着二氧化碳、二氧化硫等导致温室效应的气体排放总量开始得到抑制,类似于太阳能、风能等替代能源的地位迅速提升。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.